固定双上肢悬挂致死的SOD,MDA含量变化

固定双上肢将身体悬空致死，是一种罕见的、特殊的窒息死。实验结果表明：实验后与实验前相比，ＳＯＤ活性明显下降，有显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．０１），ＭＤＡ含量明显升高，有显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．０１）。这为进一步阐明这类固定双上肢将身体悬空所致的死亡为窒息死，为法医学鉴定提供科学的依据。     

Fatal asphyxia due to laryngomucocele

Laryngocele is a rare benign lesion of the larynx resulting from an abnormal dilation of the laryngeal saccule, however, severe airway obstruction and even asphyxia may occur. We report the case of a 55-year-old woman who presented with a feeling of discomfort and mild asphyxia. There was a smooth, firm swelling, 2 cm in diameter, upon palpation on the right side of the neck. Laryngoscopy revealed a bulging near the ventricular and right aryepiglottic folds. CT scan, MRI investigation and in-hospital observation were suggested, the patient, however, refused acute treatment and hospitalization and died suddenly, a few minutes after leaving. Autopsy revealed combined laryngocele with internal and external components. As the presented case shows, the internal part of the laryngocele may cause rapid and complete obstruction. The examining physician should therefore call the patient's attention to this potential life threatening condition.     

监禁中猝死综合征

监禁中猝死综合征是由于高度紧张或躁动状态下,以及其他因素诸如酒精或其他药物的使用、犯人自身的生理情况、特定的强制性体位等因素共同作用下,发生被监禁人员死亡。由于其发生意外,缺乏特征性的尸检结果和毒物分析结果,而成为法医病理学工作者在法医鉴定实践工作中遇到的一个难题。本文总结了相关的危险因素,如犯人的精神状况、药物的使用、被擒拿时所处的体位以及肥胖等,为有效地预防此类事件的发生和法医鉴定工作提供参考。     

Airway obstruction by laryngeal masses in sudden and homicidal deaths

We present two cases of autopsy detection of laryngeal masses with medico-legal implications. The first is a 56-year-old man who died suddenly of asphyxia due to upper airway obstruction caused by a large glosso-epiglottic retention cyst and glottic oedema. Hypothesis of medical liability was raised, due to delayed tracheotomy as the result of repeated failed attempts at oral intubation by various physicians. Difficult oral intubation due to the presence of a laryngeal mass in an asphyxiating subject requires rapid tracheotomy. The second case deals with a 43-year-old woman who died of asphyxia due to airway obstruction, as a result of injury of a cavernous laryngeal haemangioma after homicidal manual strangulation, with severe haemorrhagic infiltration of the surrounding soft tissues. Damage to laryngeal/hypopharyngeal masses should be considered as a possible sign of manual strangulation, as well as neck skin bruises/abrasions and laryngeal haemorrhages.     

Studies on asphyxia: on the changes of the alveolar walls of rats in the hypoxic state

The morphological changes of the alveolar wall of adult rats in the hypoxic state were studied by light and electron microscopy. The remarkable findings were the appearance of a large amount of lamellar, lattice- and thread-like structures together with a massive homogeneous substance on the surface of the alveoli which seemed to be closely connected with each other and with the surface of the cells lining the alveolus, especially in the 5%-group. The appearance of the above-mentioned structures with the homogeneous substance is considered to be the reaction of lung tissue to the decreased content of oxygen in the inhaled gas.     

体内异物误吸死亡15例分析

本文总经了８２－９２年间实际工作中遇到的１５例体内异物误吸死亡的实际案例，对体内异物误吸死的异物来源、进入呼吸道的原因、死亡机制及表现、法医学鉴定等进行了系统的分析探讨，某些方面提出了新的见解．