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??Objective    To investigate the characteristics of indirect injury of periodontal membrane caused by maxillofacial impact injury. Methods    The study was carried out at the laboratory of oral and maxillofacial trauma in Fourth Military Medical University??from November 2013 to January 2014. Totally 18 dogs were divided equally into six groups with random allocation??the right mandible of each dog was impacted by a cylindroid iron cap whose weight was 0.26kg??but teeth were not injured directly??the animals were killed 6 h??24 h??3 d??7 d??2 wk and 4 wk later??respectively??the histopathologic manifestations of periodontal membrane of the fourth premolar of right mandible??the second premolar of right mandible and the second premolar of left mandible were observed. Results    The injury of periodontal membrane of the fourth premolar of right mandible was relatively obvious??but the pathologic changes were reversible??periodontal membrane of the second premolar of right mandible was injured slightly??yet no obvious histopathologic change could be observed in periodontal membrane of the second premolar of left mandible. Conclusion    Maxillofacial impact injury can cause indirect injuries of periodontal membrane of adjacent teeth??but the pathologic changes are reversible??traumatic severity decreases as the distance of the tooth to the wound area increases.     

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目的探讨首次丙种球蛋白静脉注射(IVIG)无反应性川崎病(KD)的发生率及危险因素,及其再治疗方法的选择。方法总结2000—2004年北京45家医院KD患儿的临床资料,IVIG无反应性定义为首次IVIG治疗36h后体温仍超过38·5℃。结果1107例患儿纳入研究对象,1092例有急性期治疗资料,1052例(96·3%)接受IVIG治疗,135例对首次IVIG治疗无反应,发生率12·8%(135/1052)。Logistic回归分析发现血沉、GPT、WBC、发病至用IVIG的时间、血浆白蛋白及IVIG治疗剂量,是IVIG无反应性的独立危险因素(P<0·05)。对IVIG无反应者8例给第2剂2g/kg IVIG,5例热退;114例给1g/kg剂量IVIG治疗,35例(30·7%)热退;11例给400~600mg/kg IVIG,1例(9·1%)热退;2例给糖皮质激素,2例均热退。4种再治疗方法间比较,差异有统计学意义(P=0·015)。第2剂2g/kg IVIG治疗较其它再治疗所需进一步IVIG或激素治疗次数少,体温恢复快。结论约12·8%KD患儿对初次IVIG治疗无反应。血沉、WBC和GPT、血浆白蛋白、IVIG使用方法及起病至用IVIG的时间,是IVIG无反应的独立危险因素。对初次IVIG无反应患儿推荐使用第2剂2g/kgIVIG,对2次2g/kgIVIG治疗仍无效者可以选用糖皮质激素治疗。     

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目的分析婴幼儿肾脏疾病病理类型的分布及其对诊断治疗的指导意义。方法中南大学湘雅二院于1996-01—2005-09采用快速经皮肾活检术,对73例临床诊断为10种肾脏疾病的婴幼儿进行肾组织病理检查。将穿刺取得的每份组织标本分成3部分,按常规方法对所有标本均分别进行光镜、电镜及免疫荧光检查,标本均做HE、PAS、PASM、Masson染色,均应用免疫荧光检测肾组织中IgG、IgM、IgA、C3、C4、C1q、Fb,部分病例根据血化验乙肝抗原阳性者加做免疫荧光,检测肾组织中的HBsAg、HBcAg。结果肾活检成功率为100%;最常见的病理类型为系膜增生性肾炎(51/73例,占69·9%);临床表现类似的疾病病理类型不同,同一病理类型的疾病,临床表现可以多样。结论肾活检病理诊断对婴幼儿肾脏疾病的诊断、治疗、估计预后均有重要价值。电镜在婴幼儿肾病理检查中起到不可忽视的作用。     

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目的探讨小儿异位胃黏膜症合并急腹症的临床特点。方法回顾分析了2000-12—2005-12中国医科大学第二临床学院收治的55例经病理证实存在异位胃黏膜的急腹症患儿,对其临床资料进行分类汇总和分析。结果男44例,女11例;年龄3个月至13岁,平均4·5岁。临床诊断下消化道出血31例,急性肠套叠13例,急性肠梗阻5例,急性腹膜炎6例;手术切除肠管标本经病理检查证实均有异位胃黏膜。其中Meckel憩室40例,肠重复畸形11例,肠壁正常4例。结论异位胃黏膜可能是小儿急腹症的病因之一;急腹症患儿ECT检查阴性也应开腹探查,以免遗漏异位胃黏膜。     

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??Abstract: Platelet-rich ?brin (PRF) is regarded as a new type of platelet concentrate??which can be isolated from autologous venous blood. After blood sample centrifugation?? PRF is in the state of gel?? located in the middle part between the red corpuscles at the bottom and acellular plasma at the top. The PRF??which contains high concentration of platelets?? a variety of growth factors?? fibrinogen and leukocytes??could promote the restoration and regeneration of bone and soft tissue. And it also has the ability of resisting infection. The aim of this article is to review the research progress of the mechanism of PRF and the application of PRF to oral and maxillofacial tissue regeneration.     

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??OBJECTIVE To develop a method of quantitative analysis of multi-components by single marker(QAMS) for simultaneous determination of five compounds in extract of Penthorum chinense Pursh. METHODS A HPLC method was established on an Agilent ZORBAX SB-C₁₈ column(4.6 mm??250 mm, 5 ??m). The mobile phase was acetonitrile-0.2% formic acid aqueous solution. Gradient elution was performed at a flow rate of 1.0 mL??min^-1. The column temperature was 30 ?? and the detection wavelength was set at 280 nm. Pinocembrin-7-O-??-D-glucoside was selected as the internal reference substance, and the relative correlation factors(RCF) of gallic acid, brevifolin carboxylic acid, 2, 6-dihydroxyacetophenone-4-O-??-D-glucoside, quercetin-3-O-??-D-xyloside and quercetin-3'-O-??-L-rhamnoside were determined by HPLC. The contents of the six components were determined by both QAMS method and external standard method and the RESULTS were compared. The accuracy and feasibility of the new method were validated by QAMS method and external standard method. RESULTS No significant differences were observed in the determination RESULTS of five constituents except brevifolin carboxylicacid in 21 batches of extract of P. chinense by QAMS method and external standard method. CONCLUSION The QAMS method is feasible and suitable to determine the contents of five constituents in the extract of P. chinense.     

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??OBJECTIVE To study the chemical constituents of Selaginella remotifolia Spring. METHODS Fourteen biflavonoids were isolated from S. remotifolia by polyamide, Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography and/or Pre-HPLC. RESULTS Their structures were identified by physiochemical properties, MS, and NMR as robustaflavone(1), robustaflavone-4??-methyl ether(2),(2??S)-2??, 3??-dihydrorobustaflavone-4??-methyl ether(3),(2S, 2??S)-tetrahydrorobustaflavone(4), amentoflavone(5), ametoflavone-7, 4??-dimethyl ether(6), amentoflavone-4??, 7??-dimethyl ether(7),(2??S)-2??, 3??-dihydroamentoflavone(8),(2??S)-2??, 3??-dihydroamentoflavone-4??-methyl ether(9),(2S)-2, 3-dihydroamentoflavone(10),(2S)-2, 3-dihydroamentoflavone-4??-methyl ether(11),(2S)-2, 3-dihydroamentoflavone-4??-methyl ether(12), chamaeflavone A(13), and 8-8??-bi-kaempferol(14) . CONCLUSION All compounds were isolated from this plant for the first time and compounds 13 and 14 are isolated from this genus for the first time.     

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根管遗漏往往会引起残髓炎或根尖周病变。上颌第一磨牙近中颊根第二根管(second mesio-buccal canal,MB2)因其细小、弯曲、根管口较为隐蔽,在临床上常造成根管遗漏,继而导致根管治疗的失败。因此,如何定位和疏通MB2是临床治疗中的难点。现报道1例上颌第一磨牙MB2遗漏的再治疗,以期为临床治疗提供参考。1病例资料     

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??OBJECTIVE To chemically modify superoxide dismutase (SOD) with 6-O-quaternized chitosan. METHODS 2,3-Epoxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride was grafted to reactive C₆-OH of chitosan to obtain O-(2-hydroxyl) propyl-3-trimethyl ammonium chitosan chloride (O-HTCC). O-HTCC was covalently coupled to SOD via EDC/NHS-mediated reaction,followed by purification on DEAE Sepharose fast flow column. The conjugates were analyzed by SDS-PAGE, HPLC,and circular dichroism. The enzyme activity of the conjugates was determined using pyrogallol autoxidation assay. RESULTS SOD was successfully modified by O-HTCC at an efficiency of 90%. The homogeneous conjugates showed similar secondary structure and retained 81.1% of enzyme activity compared with native SOD.CONCLUSION SOD can be efficiently modified by O-HTCC to prepare O-HTCC-SOD conjugates with high activity retention rate.     

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??Microbial control is one of the important parts of drug safety guarantee system. Chinese pharmacopoeia 2015 edition has constructed a complete system for pharmaceutical microbial control after continuous efforts since the 2005 edition. The new edition Chinese pharmacopoeia not only achieves the unity of three parts, but also makes harmonization between Chinese pharmacopoeia and ICH, thus is fully in line with international quality control system. In this paper, the revision progress of the last several editions of Chinese pharmacopoeia is reviewed. The main characteristics of pharmaceutical microbial control system in Chinese pharmacopoeia 2015 edition is clarified by revealing the formation process. The trend of this field in China is outlined by discussion on some hot issues.