异型南五味子根茎中倍半萜类化学成分及其细胞毒活性

目的:对异型南五味子根茎中的倍半萜类化合物进行分离、结构鉴定和细胞毒活性研究。方法:将药材异型南五味子根茎阴干,粉碎成粗粉,用95%乙醇提取3次,每次1 h。减压回收提取液至无醇味后,将提取液用水分散,过聚酰胺柱色谱,依次用不同体积分数乙醇洗脱,得到水洗脱物,30%乙醇洗脱物,60%乙醇洗脱物和95%乙醇洗脱物。30%乙醇洗脱部位过小孔树脂柱色谱(MIC),不同体积分数乙醇洗脱MCI树脂,得到水洗脱物,30%乙醇洗脱物,50%乙醇洗脱物和95%乙醇洗脱物,50%乙醇洗脱物为富集得到的总倍半萜部位。以甲醇-水为流动相,用中压制备液相色谱对总倍半萜类部位进行分离,用TLC和HPLC对得到的组分进行合并。对于含有倍半萜的组分用高效液相色谱进行分离,分离得到单体化合物。得到的单体化合物用ESI-MS和NMR谱学技术进行结构确定。结果:从异型南五味子根茎中获得8个倍半萜类化合物,结构分别鉴定为1α-hydroxy-9-deoxycacalol(1),balsamiferine B(2),balsamiferine D(3),chaetopenoid A(4),chaetopenoid B(5),asterothamnone A(6),asterothamnone B(7),and 10-dehydroxy-melleoliede B(8)。体外抗肿瘤活性筛选表明,化合物2,6,7对人肝癌细胞(SMMC7721)具有抑制活性,半数抑制浓度分别为10.6,9.5和15.5μmol·L~(-1)。结论:倍半萜化合物1~8为从南五味子属植物中首次获得。     

纸基-表面增强拉曼光谱法快速鉴别染色南五味子药材

目的 采用纸基-表面增强拉曼光谱法(SERS)对染色南五味子进行快速鉴别。方法 选用浸泡法制备的银胶纸作为SERS基底,擦拭经乙醇-水溶液润湿的南五味子,银胶纸立即进行SERS检测;先后对银溶胶的浓缩倍数、银胶纸的SERS增强效果及稳定性等因素进行考察。结果 成功鉴别低浓度酸性红、赤藓红染色的南五味子。结论 纸基-SERS法可实现非法染色南五味子的快速、准确、无损的鉴别,有望应用于快检领域。     

瑶药大红钻化学成分及药理作用研究进展

大红钻Kadsura heteroclita为瑶药"十八钻"之一,为木兰科植物,具有祛风除湿、理气止痛、活血消肿的功效。大红钻中木脂素类、三萜类、倍半萜类化合物含量较高,具有抗氧化、抗炎、抗癌等多种药理作用。对国内外有关大红钻化学成分及药理作用的研究进展进行综述,为进一步研究开发该民族药提供理论依据。     

海风藤挥发油的β-环糊精包合工艺研究

目的：优选出海风藤挥发油β-环糊精包合最佳工艺。方法：以挥发油包合率、包合物收率为指标,采用正交试验优选海风藤挥发油β-环糊精包合的最佳工艺条件。结果：最佳包合工艺条件为包合比为1：10,包合温度60℃,包合时间2h。结论采用优选的包合工艺条件制备的包合物包合率及收率较高。     

HPLC法测定参芪五味子分散片中五味子醇甲

目的 建立HPLC法测定参芪五味子分散片中五味子醇甲的方法。方法 色谱柱为Inertex-C₁₈柱（250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm）,流动相为甲醇-水（65∶35）,检测波长250 nm,体积流量1.0 mL/min,柱温35 ℃。结果 该方法的线性范围在0.196～3.136 μg（r＝0.999 9）,回收率为99.5%,RSD为0.49%。结论 该方法可行、重现性好,能有效控制参芪五味子分散片的质量。     

地血香乙醇提取物对小鼠肝细胞中抗氧化酶活性的影响

本文报道地血香乙醇提取物和其主要成分Kadsurin对小鼠肝细胞中抗氧化酶活性的影响。地血香和Kadsurin能够明显增加肝细胞中超氧物歧化酶和过氧化氢酶的活性，而对谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性的影响无统计学意义。     

长梗南五味子化学成分的研究

从长梗南五味子(Kadsura longepedunculata)根中分离出一个新化合物,经光谱和化学方法证明为南五内酯酸(kadsulactoneacid,I),同时还分离得到5个已知化合物:南五内酯(I)、(+)-安五脂素(II)、二氢愈疮木脂素(IV)、d-表加巴辛(V)和β-谷甾醇(VI)。     

Heteroclitin H,a new lignan from Kadsura heteroclita

A new dibenzocyclooctadiene lignan, heteroclitin H (1), was isolated together with seven known compounds, heteroclitin D (2), interiorin B (3), interiorin (4), neokasuranin (5), interiotherin C (6), gomisin J (7) and (+)-anwulignan (8), from the stems of Kadsura heteroclita. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods. This is the first report of the isolation of compounds 3, 5, 6, 7 and 8 from K. heteroclita.     

紫荆皮、紫金皮、昆明山海棠镇痛作用比较研究

[目的]观察紫荆皮、紫金皮、昆明山海棠外用的镇痛作用,为指导临床合理用药和开发新药提供科学依据。[方法]采用小鼠醋酸扭体法、小鼠热板法和大鼠热辐射法比较3种药物外用的镇痛效果。[结果]紫荆皮、紫金皮、昆明山海棠均能延长热板法小鼠舔足时间。显著减少醋酸所致的小鼠扭体次数,镇痛率可达30%以上,显著提高大鼠痛阈值。[结论]紫荆皮、紫金皮、昆明山海棠均具有明显的镇痛作用,其中以昆明山海棠效果最佳。     

Biological activity of the essential oil of Kadsura longipedunculata (Schisandraceae) and its major components

Objectives The aim was to determine the chemical composition of the essential oil of Kadsura longipedunculata and the biological activity of the oil and its major components. Methods The essential oil from stem bark of Kadsura longipedunculata was analysed by capillary gas chromatography (GLC/FID) and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GLC/MS). The ability of the oil to reduce diphenylpicrylhydrazine (DPPH^?) was used to evaluate the antioxidant activity. Inhibition of both lipoxygenase and prostaglandin E₂ was used to assess the anti‐inflammatory activity. Antimicrobial activity was studied in vitro against a range of bacteria and fungi using diffusion and microdilution methods. Inhibition of trypanosome proliferation was assessed using resazurin as vital stain. The in‐vitro cytotoxicity of the essential oil on six human cancer cell lines (HepG2, MIA PaCa‐2, HeLa, HL‐60, MDA‐MB‐231 and SW‐480) was examined using the MTT assay. Key findings Fifty compounds, representing 97.63% of total oil, were identified. δ‐Cadinene (21.79%), camphene (7.27%), borneol (6.05%), cubenol (5.12%) and δ‐cadinol (5.11%) were found to be the major components of the oil. The oil exerted a good antimicrobial activity against all Gram‐positive bacteria tested, including methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus and vancomycin‐resistant Enterococcus faecalis. Streptococcus pyogenes and S. agalactiae were the most sensitive bacteria with a minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 60 µg/ml oil. The essential oil showed a moderate fungicidal activity against yeasts, but it did not show any activity against Gram‐negative bacteria. The essential oil showed a good trypanocidal activity in Trypanosoma b. brucei with an IC50 value of 50.52 ± 0.029 µg/ml. Radical scavenging activity had an IC50 value of 3.06 ± 0.79 mg/ml. 5‐Lipoxygenase inhibition (IC50 = 38.58 µg/ml) and prostaglandin E₂ production inhibition (28.82% at 25 µg/ml) accounted for anti‐inflammatory activity of the oil. The oil exhibited some degree of cytotoxic activity against MIA PaCa‐2, HepG‐2 and SW‐480 cell lines with IC50 values of 133.53, 136.96 and 136.62 µg/ml, respectively. The oil increased caspase 3/7 activity (an indicator of apoptosis) 2.5–4 fold in MIA Paca‐2 cells. Camphene and borneol did not show antioxidant activity. However, both compounds exhibited some degree of antimicrobial, trypanocidal, anti‐inflammatory and cytotoxic activity. Conclusions This investigation provided evidence for, and confirmed the efficacy of, K. longipedunculata, a traditionally used Chinese medicinal plant for the treatment of inflammation and infection.