国外钢管产品结构分析(上)

介绍了日本、美国、韩国、前苏联等国家不同时期各种钢管产品结构的发展情况及构成比。分析了影响钢管比、焊管比、特殊钢管比、冷加工管比和覆层管比的主要因素。指出了今后的发展趋势。     

Quality characteristics of edible vegetable oil blends

Two edible oil blends, namely groundnut oil:rice-bran oil and mustard oil:rice-bran oil, were prepared in different proportions and stored for a period of three years. Their physicochemical characteristics were determined. The results agreed with expected values except for free fatty acid percents and butyrorefrac-tometer readings, presumably due to rancidity. Fatty acid compositions of the blends were determined and ratios of characteristic fatty acids, like lignoceric to palmitic for groundnut oil:rice-bran oil blends, and erucic to palmitic for mustard oil:rice-bran oil blends, were calculated to identify individual oils in the blend.     

SiCp/Al复合材料的离心熔渗法制备及其性能

研究了反应离心熔渗法制备高体积比SiCp／Al复合材料的工艺过程及其抗弯强度。结果表明：通过适当的粒度配比，可在低温、低离心力下熔渗制备组织均匀的高体积比SiCp／Al复合材料，SiC颗粒体积分数可达到63％；复合材料的强度在很大程度上依赖于SiC颗粒尺寸及界面反应程度，合适的界面结合及细SiC颗粒的掺入有利于复合材料强度的提高；基体热处理改变了SiC颗粒所受应力状态，提高了复合材料的强度，其最高值可达519MPa。     

基于压差控制的蓄能器压力调节方法及其AMESim仿真

为扩展蓄能器的压力适用范围,提出了一种压差控制方法,利用液压缸或增压缸两腔压差,以比例溢流阀调节背压,进而控制蓄能器压力.针对典型的大流量快速加压系统,基于增压缸压差控制,进行了蓄能器补流压力控制回路的设计与计算.通过AMESim软件对压力控制效果进行仿真分析,结果表明该方法达到了控制要求,提高了蓄能器的适用性和压力控制的灵活性.     

基于遗传算法的六自由度并联平台的控制

由于单通道电液位置伺服系统是一种非线性时变系统,而且有阻尼比小、参数变化大、非线性程度高的特点,传统的PID控制已经很难满足六自由度并联平台的控制精度的要求。针对六自由度并联平台单通道的数学模型,采用遗传算法对其PID控制器的参数进行优化控制,以满足系统的控制精度的要求。仿真结果表明该控制系统的性能指标有了很大改善,证明了该遗传算法的可行性和有效性,克服了传统PID整定参数费时的缺点,对解决实际控制问题提供了有效的方法,并且具有良好的抗干扰能力,其适应性(鲁棒性)也有了很大的提高。     

基于(w，z)参数轴对称3D刚体摆姿态PD控制

基于(w,z)参数化轴对称Three Dimensions(3D)摆的姿态控制问题研究,提出(w,z)参数描述姿态描述方法。该方法通过2次绕正交轴旋转,引入复变量,将球面上的点向复平面投影。提出Proportion Differentiation(pd)控制对轴对称3D摆的姿态控制方法。首先列出轴对称3D摆的动力学方程,以(w,z)参数表示轴对称3D摆的姿态运动学方程及推导过程。利用(w,z)参数设计出PD控制器,使得轴对称3D刚体摆在其倒立位置渐近稳定。仿真实验验证了控制器对轴称3D摆姿态控制的有效。     

A tree-structured crash surrogate measure for freeways

In this paper, we propose a novel methodology to define and estimate a surrogate measure. By imposing a hypothetical disturbance to the leading vehicle, the following vehicle’s action is represented as a probabilistic causal model. After that, a tree is built to describe the eight possible conflict types under the model. The surrogate measure, named Aggregated Crash Index (ACI), is thus proposed to measure the crash risk. This index reflects the accommodability of freeway traffic state to a traffic disturbance. We further apply this measure to evaluate the crash risks in a freeway section of Pacific Motorway, Australia. The results show that the proposed indicator outperforms the three traditional crash surrogate measures (i.e., Time to Collision, Proportion of Stopping Distance, and Crash Potential Index) in representing rear-end crash risks. The applications of this measure are also discussed.     

自密实混凝土的试验研究

自密实混凝土是在低水胶比、低水泥用量的前提下选择适合的配合比设计方法,在不同级配的粗细骨料、不同特性的胶结材料、不同功能要求的混凝土外加剂中选择适合的原材料配制的混凝土。自密实混凝土发明以来,以其良好的工作性能和力学性能在土木建筑工程领域得到广泛应用。通过正交试验测得的试验数据,以新拌合混凝土的坍落度、坍落扩展度以及混凝土硬化28天后的抗压强度和劈裂抗拉强度为考核指标以满足自密实混凝土的工作性能要求,为自密实混凝土推广应用提供依据。     

A Sequential Scheme for Estimating Average Quality in a Mixed Product Production Process

A production process is assumed to produce k types of items in varying proportions and with varying defect rates. This paper proposes a sequential inspection plan which allows one to optimally allocate inspection resources so that one obtains a good estimate of average quality. The plan is fairly easy to put into practice and allows for easy modification should production characteristics change.