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1.
干腌火腿中肽的形成机理研究进展   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
干腌火腿加工过程中,在肌肉中内源酶和微生物的共同作用下,产生多种具有特定生物活性或对产品风味具有提升作用的肽。抗氧化肽、降血压肽和抗菌肽等生物活性肽提升火腿的营养价值;呈味肽如鲜味肽、甜味肽、苦味肽、酸味肽、咸味肽及浓厚感肽,有助于形成火腿独特的风味。该文综述了干腌火腿中肽的功能特性,重点对加工过程中肽的影响因素及形成机理进行介绍,为干腌火腿品质特性提升和新工艺设计提供理论参考依据。  相似文献   
2.
便秘(constipation)是一类常见的胃肠道疾病,其发病率呈逐年上升的趋势。临床研究发现,便秘患者肠道菌群失调。通过赋予机体一定量的活性益生菌来调节肠道菌群,已然成为治疗便秘的重要手段。因此,该研究选取2株具有不同缓解便秘效果的副干酪乳杆菌进行研究。通过对便秘相关指标的检测,再次证实仅有来源于健康成人粪便中的副干酪乳杆菌LPC-F具有缓解便秘的作用。进一步通过对便秘相关胃肠调节肽、血清中炎症因子、结肠Cajal间质细胞的数量、肠道菌群及其代谢产物短链脂肪酸等指标进行检测,解析副干酪乳杆菌LPC-F缓解便秘的可能方式。结果表明副干酪乳杆菌LPC-F可能通过改变肠道菌群的结构,提高肠道内乙酸的水平,乙酸则通过刺激肠嗜铬细胞释放5-羟色胺(5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT),释放入肠腔的5-HT通过与其受体相结合,促进结肠Cajal间质细胞(interstitial cells of Cajal, ICC)的增殖,从而最终增强肠蠕动缓解便秘。  相似文献   
3.
以马氏珠母贝肉为研究对象,采用ABTS自由基清除率为评价指标,通过单因素试验和响应面法优化制备抗氧化肽酶解物的工艺,并对酶解物冻干粉的抗氧化能力和酪氨酸抑制能力进行研究。结果表明,珍珠贝抗氧化肽的最优酶解工艺为温度50 ℃,pH 7.25,时间3 h,料液比1:1,酶底比0.4%,所得酶解液的ABTS自由基清除率为98.48%。在此条件下得到的珍珠贝抗氧化肽显示出优异的ABTS自由基清除效果(IC50 0.57 mg/mL)、Fe2+螯合活性(IC50 6.89 mg/mL)和良好的ORAC值(601.38 μmol TE/g冻干粉)。同时,珍珠贝肉抗氧化肽对酪氨酸单酚酶(IC50 0.37 mg/mL)和酪氨酸二酚酶(IC50 20.27 mg/mL)抑制效果明显,显示其在美白护肤应用领域也具有良好的应用潜力。该研究结果将为珍珠贝在抗氧化、抗衰老、美白护肤等功能食品、化妆品领域的应用提供参考和基础数据。  相似文献   
4.
为构建新型表面活性肽的表达载体,并探讨其在大肠杆菌中的表达及表达产物的纯化,将编码新型活性肽A6K的重复DNA片段(A6K)15分别插入到4中不同的原核表达载体中,经酶切和测序验证后,转化到3种不同的表达宿主进行表达,通过改变异丙基-β-D-硫代半乳糖苷(isopropyl-β-D-thiogalactoside,IPTG)浓度、诱导温度和时间来优化表达条件。表达产物通过镍-次氮基三乙酸(nickel-nitrilotriacetic acid,Ni-NTA)螯合层析进行纯化,通过(A6K)15上的6×His与抗体特异性结合进行Western blot分析,用二喹啉甲酸(bicinchoninic acid,BCA)法测定产物浓度,进行经济效益分析。构建了含有目的基因(A6K)15的重组表达质粒,筛选出最优载体pET-28a-SUMO-(A6K)15和最优宿主BL21(DE3)。当IPTG终浓度为1.0 mmol/mL,诱导温度为30℃,时间为12 h时,表面活性肽(A6K)15的表达量最高,经十二烷基硫酸钠-聚丙烯酰氨凝胶电泳(sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis,SDS-PAGE)和Western blot鉴定含有此新型小分子多肽(A6K)15。该研究成功构建了新型表面活性肽(A6K)15表达载体,并得到其最优表达条件,使其大量表达及纯化,为生物方法制备新型表面活性肽提供了思路。  相似文献   
5.
Post-weaning diarrhea due to enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is a common disease of piglets and causes great economic loss for the swine industry. Over the past few decades, decreasing effectiveness of conventional antibiotics has caused serious problems because of the growing emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens. Various studies have indicated that antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have potential to serve as an alternative to antibiotics owing to rapid killing action and highly selective toxicity. Our previous studies have shown that AMP GW-Q4 and its derivatives possess effective antibacterial activities against the Gram-negative bacteria. Hence, in the current study, we evaluated the antibacterial efficacy of GW-Q4 and its derivatives against MDR ETEC and their minimal inhibition concentration (MIC) values were determined to be around 2~32 μg/mL. Among them, AMP Q4-15a-1 with the second lowest MIC (4 μg/mL) and the highest minimal hemolysis concentration (MHC, 256 μg/mL), thus showing the greatest selectivity (MHC/MIC = 64) was selected for further investigations. Moreover, Q4-15a-1 showed dose-dependent bactericidal activity against MDR ETEC in time–kill curve assays. According to the cellular localization and membrane integrity analyses using confocal microscopy, Q4-15a-1 can rapidly interact with the bacterial surface, disrupt the membrane and enter cytosol in less than 30 min. Minimum biofilm eradication concentration (MBEC) of Q4-15a-1 is 4× MIC (16 μg/mL), indicating that Q4-15a-1 is effective against MDR ETEC biofilm. Besides, we established an MDR ETEC infection model with intestinal porcine epithelial cell-1 (IPEC-1). In this infection model, 32 μg/mL Q4-15a-1 can completely inhibit ETEC adhesion onto IPEC-1. Overall, these results suggested that Q4-15a-1 may be a promising antibacterial candidate for treatment of weaned piglets infected by MDR ETEC.  相似文献   
6.
7.
杨晨 《中国油脂》2021,46(9):22-27
以南瓜籽蛋白为原料,通过球磨预处理辅助酶解法制备血管紧张素转换酶(ACE)抑制肽。以ACE抑制率和水解度为评价指标,对蛋白酶进行筛选。采用单因素试验研究球磨时间、酶解时间、底物质量浓度、pH和酶解温度对酶解产物ACE抑制率和水解度的影响,在此基础上,以ACE抑制率为考察指标,采用响应面法对球磨辅助酶解工艺条件进行优化。结果表明:球磨预处理可显著提高南瓜籽蛋白的酶解效率;最佳球磨辅助酶解工艺条件为选用碱性蛋白酶、球磨时间6 min、酶解时间10 h、底物质量浓度0.08 g/mL、pH 8.5、酶解温度55 ℃,在此条件下所得ACE抑制肽的ACE抑制率可达(86.65±0.55)%。  相似文献   
8.
Peptide-based drugs are an attractive class of therapeutic agents, recently recognized by the pharmaceutical industry. These molecules are currently being used in the development of innovative therapies for diverse health conditions, including tropical diseases such as leishmaniasis. Despite its socioeconomic influence on public health, leishmaniasis remains long-neglected and categorized as a poverty-related disease, with limited treatment options. Peptides with antileishmanial effects encountered to date are a structurally heterogeneous group, which can be found in different natural sources—amphibians, reptiles, insects, bacteria, marine organisms, mammals, plants, and others—or inspired by natural toxins or proteins. This review details the biochemical and structural characteristics of over one hundred peptides and their potential use as molecular frameworks for the design of antileishmanial drug leads. Additionally, we detail the main chemical modifications or substitutions of amino acid residues carried out in the peptide sequence, and their implications in the development of antileishmanial candidates for clinical trials. Our bibliographic research highlights that the action of leishmanicidal peptides has been evaluated mainly using in vitro assays, with a special emphasis on the promastigote stage. In light of these findings, and considering the advances in the successful application of peptides in leishmaniasis chemotherapy, possible approaches and future directions are discussed here.  相似文献   
9.
Self-assembly of artificial peptides has been widely studied for constructing nanostructured materials, with numerous potential applications in the nanobiotechnology field. Herein, we report the synthesis and hierarchical self-assembly of collagen-mimetic peptides (CMPs) bearing various aromatic groups at the N-termini, including 2-naphthyl, 1-naphtyl, anthracenyl, and pyrenyl groups, into nanofibers. The CMPs (R-(GPO)n: n > 4) formed a triple helix structure in water at 4 °C, as confirmed via CD analyses, and their conformations were more stable with increasing hydrophobicity of the terminal aromatic group and peptide chain length. The resulting pre-organized triple helical CMPs showed diverse self-assembly into highly ordered nanofibers, reflecting their slight differences in hydrophobic/hydrophilic balance and configuration of aromatic templates. TEM analysis demonstrated that 2Np-CMPn (n = 6 and 7) and Py-CMP6 provided well-developed natural collagen-like nanofibers and An-CMPn (n = 5–7) self-assembled into rod-like micelle fibers. On the other hand, 2Np-CMP5 and 1Np-CMP6 were unable to form nanofibers under the same conditions. Furthermore, the Py-CMP6 nanofiber was found to encapsulate a guest hydrophobic molecule, Nile red, and exhibited unique emission behavior based on the specific nanostructure. In addition to the ability of CMPs to bind small molecules, their controlled self-assembly enables their versatile utilization in drug delivery and wavelength-conversion nanomaterials.  相似文献   
10.
The conventional S-alkylation of cysteine relies upon using activated electrophiles. Here we demonstrate high-yielding and selective S-alkylation and S-lipidation of cysteines in unprotected synthetic peptides and proteins by using weak electrophiles and a Zn2+ promoter. Linear or branched iodoalkanes can S-alkylate cysteine in an unprotected 38-residue Myc peptide fragment and in a 91-residue miniprotein Omomyc, thus highlighting selective late-stage synthetic modifications. Metal-assisted cysteine alkylation is also effective for incorporating dehydroalanine into unprotected peptides and for peptide cyclisation via aliphatic thioether crosslinks, including customising macrocycles to stabilise helical peptides for enhanced uptake and delivery to proteins inside cells. Chemoselective and efficient late-stage Zn2+-promoted cysteine alkylation in unprotected peptides and proteins promises many useful applications.  相似文献   
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