微细圆管内火药燃烧稳定性影响因素的数值模拟

为了解微燃烧器内固体含能材料燃烧的影响因素,采用ANSYS瞬态热分析研究了微细圆管燃烧器内固体药柱燃烧时,燃烧器尺寸、壁厚和壁面热传导系数对燃烧器壁面温度分布和热损失的影响。结果表明:燃烧器壁面的热量传递是决定微尺寸下能否稳定燃烧的关键。随着燃烧器尺寸的减小,加强了燃气和壁面的相互作用,热损失增大,导致燃烧不稳定甚至熄灭。而壁面热传导系数对壁面热量传递起着竞争的作用,随着壁面热传导系数的减小,壁面热损失和壁面轴向传导至预热区的热量均减小,但前者的作用较大,利于燃烧稳定。另外研究表明,在一定壁厚范围内,增加壁厚有利于燃烧稳定。     

微粗糙管内部流动与对流换热的实验研究

以蒸馏水为工质,流过内径分别为168μm和399μm、内部粗糙度分别为8％和3％的不锈钢管．通过直接电加热,采用红外成像仪测量了各种恒定加热功率及不同雷诺数(Re)下的钢管壁面的温度场,同时测量了微管进出口压力降和流量,由此计算了在不同Re下的努谢尔特数(Nu)和管内摩擦阻力系数(f)．实验结果表明, 在低Re下,微管内部f的值与Hagen-Poiseuille解基本一致,但微钢管内部的Nu要略高于Hausen的解;当Re 达到800左右时,内径为168μm的管内部f的值已开始偏离Hagen-Poiseuille解,Nu急速上升并形成拐点,这是由于流动发生转捩导致的．     

绝热圆腔内4根冷热微管阵列振动强化传热实验

目前针对微细管管外同时有自然对流和周期横向振动存在情况下的混合对流问题鲜有研究。为了探究这种现象, 进而开发一种新型的换热器, 本文提出了一种由4根冷热微细管组成的微管阵列, 将其平行放置于有中间流体的圆形腔体内, 并对管束施加微小横向振动的混合对流传热机理进行研究。详细描述了实验系统及实验方法, 以及后期对实验数据的处理方法, 得到了传热Nu数随管间自然对流强度Ra数, 强迫振动Re_v数等量纲为1参数的变化曲线;揭示了该结构形式下传热特性随冷热管温差、振动频率、微管振幅等传热规律。结果表明, 横向振动在小温差情况下传热强化效果更为明显。将本文实验数据与Lemlich单管振动实验中的数据进行对比, 表明了振动对4根微管阵列的强化传热效果比单根管更明显。     

Numerical Study of Three Different Approaches to Simulate Nanofluids Flow and Heat Transfer in a Microtube

In this paper, Eulerian, mixture and single phase models are used to simulate laminar and turbulent forced convective flow of SiO₂‐EG nanofluid in a microtube. The comparison between the three approaches and other formula shows that for laminar and turbulent flow the single phase model shows higher heat transfer enhancement and is more precise in comparison to the other Eulerian and mixture models.      

Enhanced photoluminescence from free-standing microstructures fabricated on MBE grown PbSe–PbSrSe MQW structure

Fabrication of microrods from multi-quantum well (MQW) PbSe–PbSrSe structure grown in molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) followed by its morphological as well as optical characterizations are described. Pulsed PL intensity is increased by 64 times per unit surface area from a free-standing MQW microrod mounted on copper heat sink compared with the bulk sample. Enhancement in side emission power due to the higher optical confinement effect during pulsed photoluminescence (PL) from MQW semiconductor microtube inserted in hollow quartz optical fiber signifies that these microstructures are robust in nature and crucial contenders for portable mid-infrared optoelectronic devices to be used in the field of industrial trace-gas sensing.     

椰子油制炭微管(英文)

报道了采用可再生的天然前驱体(椰子油),通过化学气相沉积制备一种"高长径比"的新型碳管结构,炭微管(CMTs)的方法。CMTs合成工艺:N2气氛,合成温度1175℃,流速100mL/min,二茂铁为催化剂。合成的CMTs利用SEM,EDX,TEM,和Raman光谱表征。结果表明:合成的CMTs的直径为1.7μm～2.1μm,并具有高的长径比。     

Combustion Characteristics and Propulsive Performance of Boron/Ammonium Perchlorate Mixtures in Microtubes

A microthruster is used for the operation tracking and posture control of microsatellites. In this work, the combustion characteristics and propulsive performance of a boron/ammonium perchlorate (B/AP) propellant mixture for a microthruster were investigated. Amorphous B and AP were used in different mass ratios to prepare the propellant samples. A laser-ignition solid micropropulsion test system was set up, and a differential scanning calorimeter was used. The solid combustion products of the samples with good performance were collected. Microstructural and component analyses of the combustion products were performed. Various performance parameters, including the combustion temperature, combustion velocity, spectral intensity, ignition delay time, thrust, specific impulse, density specific impulse, and heat flow, changed with the fuel–oxidant ratio. The optimal fuel–oxidant mass ratio of the propellant samples was 40%, with a density specific impulse of 0.474 kg/m²?s and a maximum heat flow of 4.4913 mW/mg. Analysis of the combustion products revealed that the clearance between particles significantly diminished after combustion. During combustion, the AP completely decomposed, and a large amount of H₃BO₃, B₂O₃, and HBO₂ was generated.     

Formation of Highly Aligned,Single‐Layered,Hollow Fibrous Assemblies and the Fabrication of Large Pieces of PLLA Membranes

Large pieces of paper‐thin PLLA membranes are prepared and characterized as single‐layered hollow fibrous assemblies with an extremely high degree of fiber alignment. The diameter of the electrospun hollow fibers is in the range of some tens of micrometers with a wall thickness of a few micrometers. They are best described as 2D arrays of highly aligned microtubes. The mechanical properties of the membranes are studied. A processing map is constructed using the applied electric field strength and the concentration (viscosity) of the electrospinning dope. The influence of factors such as the field strength and weight and viscosity of the jetted solutions is discussed. The results will help in the future fabrication of highly anisotropic scaffolds for tissue engineering applications.

     

矩形微管内流动特性的实验研究

以极性液体蒸馏水、无水乙醇和非极性液体R113作为实验工质,流过相对粗糙度1.40%、水力直径170.37 mm,相应高宽比为0.66的由晶体密封生长所形成的矩形紫铜微管,测量微管进出口参数及微管内流体流量,从而获得雷诺数Re与摩擦阻力系数f、Re与Poiseuille数Po、Re与压力梯度Dp/DL的关系。实验结果表明：在43.17 < Re < 4 091.5的实验范围内,流体的极性对微管流动阻力特性没有影响;同时实验结果表明对于粗糙度为1.40%的矩形紫铜微管,内壁面粗糙度对层流区摩擦阻力特性影响不大：当Re小于1 600~1 800时,所有微管内的流动阻力特性与经典理论预测值接近;当Re =1 600~1 800时,微管的f值开始偏离理论预测值,流体发生转捩。