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1.
Kevin J. Hanley 《International journal for numerical methods in engineering》2020,121(21):4865-4877
An algorithm is presented for discrete element method simulations of energy-conserving systems of frictionless, spherical particles in a reversed-time frame. This algorithm is verified, within the limits of round-off error, through implementation in the LAMMPS code. Mechanisms for energy dissipation such as interparticle friction, damping, rotational resistance, particle crushing, or bond breakage cannot be incorporated into this algorithm without causing time irreversibility. This theoretical development is applied to critical-state soil mechanics as an exemplar. It is shown that the convergence of soil samples, which differ only in terms of their initial void ratio, to the same critical state requires the presence of shear forces and frictional dissipation within the soil system. 相似文献
2.
针对一种集旋风分离器和内置颗粒床优势于一体的新型耦合气固分离装备在无灰负荷及固定床操作条件入口环形空间、分离空间和灰斗内静压场进行研究。结果表明,静压沿周向为非对称分布,轴向为非均匀分布,径向则呈中心低两侧高分布;且存在着静压分布的降压区(0?~180?,以入口处为0?)和增压区(180?~360?);装备中心的负压及旋流作用在轴向高度H=6.41D(D为旋风壳体内径)以下对静压的影响不再显著;内置颗粒床外壁附近存在“滞留层”,有利于提高装备的分离性能。根据实验数据给出了静压周向分布和静压轴向分布的经验公式。 相似文献
3.
Mohammadmahdi Davoudi 《工程优选》2019,51(5):775-795
Although topology optimization is established for linear static problems, more effort is required for solving nonlinear plastic problems. A new topology optimization approach with equivalent static loads (ESLs) is suggested to find the optimum topologies and locations of plastic hinges of thin-walled crash boxes by considering crash-induced deformation, the main crash energy-absorbing mechanism. Together with finite element method crashworthiness analyses, considering all nonlinearities with rate-dependent plasticity, the method was developed using an appropriate time-incremental scheme of ESLs without removing any high values of loads. Analyses show that the crash boxes with optimum topologies have energy-absorbing capabilities equivalent to the original structure. The proposed method is evaluated for two crashes: a crash box at low speed and a double cell subjected to high-speed collision. The results indicate that this method captures nonlinear crushing behaviours and accurate locations of plastic hinges where, if proper reinforcements are made, energy absorption can be enhanced. 相似文献
4.
Longbang Qing Yuehua Cheng Ru Mu 《Fatigue & Fracture of Engineering Materials & Structures》2019,42(11):2533-2543
Based on theoretical analysis and numerical simulation, the impact of steel fibres on the stress intensity factor (SIF) at the crack tip for cementitious composite was studied. The enhanced toughness of steel fibre reinforced cementitious composite (SFRC) in resisting cracks was explained by the decrement of SIF caused by steel fibre inclusions at the crack tip of the composite. The equivalent initial fracture toughness was used to characterize the crack initiation of SFRC. A simplified method for determining the of SFRC was proposed based on a linear regression method. Fracture tests were conducted on three‐point bending notched beams with different steel fibre volume fractions and specimen sizes to study the crack initiation behaviour of aligned steel fibre reinforced cementitious composite (ASFRC). of ASFRC was calculated, and the size effect of was analysed. The results showed that slightly increased with the steel fibre volume fraction and gradually became stable. For the tested specimens, whose heights varied between 40 and 100 mm, the specimen size had little impact on the . 相似文献
5.
Zhuang CHENG Jianfeng WANG Matthew Richard COOP Guanlin YE 《Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering》2020,14(2):357
The development of a miniature triaxial apparatus is presented. In conjunction with an X-ray micro-tomography (termed as X-ray μCT hereafter) facility and advanced image processing techniques, this apparatus can be used for in situ investigation of the micro-scale mechanical behavior of granular soils under shear. The apparatus allows for triaxial testing of a miniature dry sample with a size of (diameter height). In situ triaxial testing of a 0.4–0.8 mm Leighton Buzzard sand (LBS) under a constant confining pressure of 500 kPa is presented. The evolutions of local porosities (i.e., the porosities of regions associated with individual particles), particle kinematics (i.e., particle translation and particle rotation) of the sample during the shear are quantitatively studied using image processing and analysis techniques. Meanwhile, a novel method is presented to quantify the volumetric strain distribution of the sample based on the results of local porosities and particle tracking. It is found that the sample, with nearly homogenous initial local porosities, starts to exhibit obvious inhomogeneity of local porosities and localization of particle kinematics and volumetric strain around the peak of deviatoric stress. In the post-peak shear stage, large local porosities and volumetric dilation mainly occur in a localized band. The developed triaxial apparatus, in its combined use of X-ray μCT imaging techniques, is a powerful tool to investigate the micro-scale mechanical behavior of granular soils. 相似文献
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7.
提出并比较了应用于分组空时块码(G—STBC)系统中两种不同信道模型的排序最大信噪比(MaxSNR)检测算法。该系统在发端对发射天线分组,每组进行独立的空时块码编码;在收端应用排序最大信噪比算法进行检测。由于空时块码提供了额外的时域约束,所以可以利用这个约束对信道模型进行变换,得到一个等效信道模型,然后再使用排序MaxSNR检测;当然也可以直接利用原有的信道模型,即非等效信道模型进行检测。仿真结果表明:当接收天线数不少于发射天线数的一半时,采用等效信道模型下的排序MaxSNR算法,系统的误码曲线就能保持陡降性;并且在收发天线数相同时,其性能总是优于非等效信道模型。 相似文献
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9.
交通平衡分配下的公路桥收费策略 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
假定一个城市被一条河流分为两部分(如我国的武汉,重庆等市),河上至少架设了两座公路桥梁,本文研究在交通平衡状态下,怎样制定车辆过桥梁的收费水平,使获得的总收入最大,乘客的总行驶时间最少,对多车种问题,研究了等价的数学模型和算法。还对一个含两座桥梁与三种车型的简单算例,进行了计算与分析。 相似文献
10.