LaZSM5-Al-Mg催化剂上乙烯与甲苯烷基化制对甲基乙苯

以LaZSM5沸石为基质,添加铝和镁的氧化物所制得的择形催化剂,可大大提高乙烯与甲苯烷基化制甲基乙苯中对甲基乙苯选择性。考察了稀释气和反应产物的添加对烷基化反应的影响。失活后的催化剂可烧炭再生。     

邻—(4—乙基苯甲酰基)苯甲酸的研究

本文阐述了通过Friedel-Crafts反应合成邻-(4-乙基苯甲酰基)苯甲酸的方法.研究了影响产物质量的因素,提出了适宜的工艺条件.     

Biodegradation of monoaromatic hydrocarbons in aquifer columns amended with hydrogen peroxide and nitrate

The ability of indigenous microorganisms to degrade benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylenes (BTEX) in laboratory scale flow-through aquifer columns was tested separately with hydrogen peroxide (110 mg/l) and nitrate (330 mg/l as NO₃⁻) amendments to air-saturated influent nutrient solution. The continuous removal of individual components from all columns relative to the sterile controls provided evidence for biodegradation. In the presence of hydrogen peroxide, the indigeneous microorganisms degraded benzene and toluene (> 95%), meta- plus para-xylene (80%) and ortho-xylene (70%). Nitrate addition resulted in 90% removal of toluene and 25% removal of ortho-xylene. However, benzene, ethylbenzene, meta- and para-xylene concentrations were not significantly reduced after 42 days of operation. Following this experiment, low dissolved oxygen (< 1 mg/l) conditions were initiated with the nitrate-amended column influent in order to mimic contaminated groundwater conditions distal from a nutrient injection well. Toluene continued to be effectively degraded (> 90%), and more than 25% of the benzene, 40% of the ethylbenzene, 50% of the meta- plus para-xylenes and 60% of the ortho-xylene were removed after several months of operation.     

乙苯/苯乙烯塔分离效率问题的技术分析及整改措施

分析了齐鲁分公司200kt/a乙苯/苯乙烯装置乙苯/苯乙烯塔(T-401)分离效率低的原因,即降液管设计偏小,液体在降液管内流速过快,引起液体飞溅;安装分布器使用的石棉垫片溶胀而粉碎后堵塞了分布槽;分布器上使用的垫片脱落形成缝隙而漏液;填料装得不密实,留有缝隙;二级分布槽变形等.针对存在问题提出了相应的整改措施,并考察了整改措施实施效果.结果表明,整改后该塔的分离能力满足了工艺要求,并有一定的操作弹性.     

TiO2对乙苯脱氢制苯乙烯催化剂中KFe11O17活性相结构的影响

采用穆斯堡尔谱,X-射线衍射和程序升温还原等方法,研究了乙苯脱氢铁钾系催化剂中氧化钛对铁钾活性相KFe_(11)O_(17)结构形成的影响。发现添加适量的氧化钛对形成KFe_(11)O_(17)物相有利,当催化剂中Fe_2O_3,K_2O,CeO_2和Mo_2O_3的质量比固定为75.0:12.0:7.0:3.0,而Fe_2O_3与TiO_2质量比为75.0:0.1时,TiO_2对铁钾尖晶石结构形成的促进作用最明显,催化剂的活性也最高。但当TiO_2添加的质量比继续提高,会抑制铁钾尖晶石的形成,从而使催化剂的活性下降。当Fe_2O_3与TiO_2的质量比为75.0:1.0时,催化剂内的铁钾尖晶石结构遭到破坏。     

乙烯、苯气相烷基化合成乙苯中间试验

在上海石油化工研究院开发的分子筛催化剂和联合化学反应工程研究所华东化工学院分所小试过程开发的基础上，建立了年产３００ｔ乙苯的中试装置，进行了由乙烯、苯气相烷基化合成乙苯的中试研究，为工业生产提供了设计依据。     

C8芳烃中二甲苯和乙苯的分离技术进展

论述了用于C8芳烃中二甲苯异构体以及乙苯分离的各种吸附分离技术进展,对各种工艺和特点以及工业应用状况进行了分析比较。详细介绍了目前国内C8芳烃吸附分离装置中的工业生产状况和面临的问题及挑战。提出应抓紧开发具有自主知识产权的C8芳烃吸附分离技术,尤其是开发一种对乙苯和二甲苯同时具有高选择性、高吸附能力、容易脱附的吸附剂,实现从C8芳烃中同时得到乙苯和二甲苯高纯度产品的目的,打破国外的技术垄断。     

微库仑法测定乙苯中的微量硫

以脱硫后的正庚烷为溶剂,采用微库仑法测定乙苯中微量硫的最佳条件为:氩气/氧气为160/40(体积比),进样速度5μL/min,预热温度420℃,燃烧温度760℃,出口区温度640℃,电解液用二次脱盐水配制。微库仑法的准确度和精密度均高于国际标准(ISO)的氢氧焰法。     

铈盐类型对乙苯脱氢催化剂性能的影响

研究了氧化铈前体硫酸铈、草酸铈和硝酸铈对乙苯脱氢催化剂性能的影响,结果表明:加入硫酸铈,催化剂的活性和选择性均偏低;而分别加入草酸铈和硝酸铈对催化剂的性能更有利,特别是将二者以70%与30%复配后使用,乙苯转化率达79%以上,苯乙烯选择性达95%以上,同时经1 000 h寿命考察催化剂性能稳定。     

Reaction Coupling of Ethylbenzene Dehydrogenation with Nitrobenzene Hydrogenation

The chemical equilibrium for the coupling of ethylbenzene dehydrogenation with nitrobenzene hydrogenation, to produce styrene and aniline simultaneously, has been calculated on the basis of the Soave–Redlich–Kwong equation of state. The dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene in the presence of nitrobenzene over the catalysts -Al₂O₃, ZSM-5, activated carbon and platinum supported on activated carbon has been carried out at 400 °C. The effects of Pt loading and the pretreatment of the catalysts have been investigated. It has been revealed that the conversion of ethylbenzene can be greatly improved by the reaction coupling due to the elimination of the hydrogen produced in the reaction by the hydrogenation of nitrobenzene. Platinum supported on the activated carbon has been suggested as a suitable catalyst. The best results with ethylbenzene conversion of 33.8% and styrene selectivity of 99.2% were obtained over Pt(0.02 wt%)/AC at 400 °C. Moreover, such process is also energetically favored since the necessary process heat to drive the ethylbenzene dehydrogenation can be provided by the coupling with the exothermic nitrobenzene hydrogenation reaction.