Factors affecting mortality of vertebrates on the roads in the Czech Republic

This paper summarizes the results of monitoring animals killed by vehicles on selected roads in the Czech Republic as well as the circumstances of these accidents. Relationships between species of road-killed animals and factors associated with these accidents were evaluated, such as type of road and traffic density, distance from the built-up area, state of vegetation around the road, terrain topology with regard to the road, and the impact of the month/season.     

弹簧质量道床隔振技术的应用

20世纪80年代,隔而固(GERB)首次将在动力设备上成功应用了60多年的阻尼弹簧隔振技术应用于德国城市轨道交通地铁工程及其附近建筑物,至今已有几十个有轨道床和60多座邻近建筑(包括多座音乐厅)采取了这种隔振技术,隔振效果都十分理想.     

Slam events of high-speed catamarans in irregular waves

Slam events experienced by high-speed catamarans in irregular waves were characterised through experiments using a hydroelastic segmented model. The model was designed to represent the dynamic behaviour of the full-scale Incat 112 m vessel and to allow the measurement of the slam load on the centrebow and wet deck. It was tested in irregular head seas at two speeds relating to Froude numbers of 0.32 and 0.60. Nearly 300 slams were identified in the test data and analysed with respect to kinematic parameters. Slams were found to have a large range of magnitudes, with the largest equivalent to 1785 tonnes full scale (approximately 70% of vessel displacement); however, the majority of events were of relatively low severity. Differences in slam characteristics were found for the two model speeds tested; slams at the slower speed generally occurred further forward on the hull, prior to the wave crest and with a bow down pitch angle. Immersion of the centrebow to the two-dimensional filling height of the cross-section between the centrebow and demihulls is shown to be a better indicator of slam occurrence than immersion to the top of the archway.     

Directional performance issues in evaluation and design of articulated heavy vehicles

This review of the dynamics of heavy road-vehicle systems emphasizes directional performance. The review presents information on the following topics: why are articulated vehicles used; units, hitches, and combination vehicles; multiple axle suspensions and steering systems; important performance issues; models and simulation tools; and controlling directional performance. The concluding section summarizes the material presented and provides ideas regarding the application of vehicle system dynamics concepts in developing controllers for road trains.