幽门螺旋菌感染与胃腺癌

通常认为幽门螺旋菌感染不仅与慢性胃炎发病有关,也可能增加患胃癌的危险性。为确定幽门螺旋菌感染与胃癌的联系,作者选择69例组织学诊断为胃腺癌的病人(其中32例贲门癌,37例胃的其他部位癌);对218例非胃腺癌病人(其中80例结肠腺癌,79例肺鳞状细胞癌,41     

我国十县农村胃癌病例-对照调查研究

我们于1978~1980年间在我国十个县,完成了686对病例-对照研究。本次调查发现胃癌与霉粮霉饭、饮食不规律,精神创伤及家族胃癌史等有关。有7个县霉粮霉饭因素相对危险性大于2,RR_MH为2.06.精神创伤因素RR大于2.8的有7个县。饮食不规律因素RR ≥ 2的有5个县,RR_MH为1.28(P<0.05)。病例组家族胃癌患病率为7.58‰,对照组家族胃癌患病率为4.02‰,前者显著高于后者(P<0.01)。调查发现新鲜蔬菜RR_MH为0.88,说明它是保护因素之一。     

胃癌预防的研究

病例对照研究发现酸煎饼、咸鱼、慢性胃炎、家族史及吸烟均是胃癌的危险因素，葱蒜类蔬菜有强保护作用。３４００例胃镜检查ＣＡＧ（慢性萎缩性胃炎）、ＩＭ（肠上皮化生）及ＤＹＳ（不典型增生）的发生率分别为９８％、５３％及２０％。如以最高病变诊断标准计算，则ＳＧ（浅表性胃炎）１．７％，ＣＡＧ４４．８％，ＩＭ３３．０％，ＤＹＳ２０％。各种癌前病变发展至胃癌呈线性进展型，其ＯＲ（危险度）分别为：浅表型ＩＭ１３．８，深度ＩＭ３４．６，轻度ＤＹＳ２５．８，中或重度ＤＹＳ１０３．８。受检人群中幽门螺杆菌抗体阳性者占７２％，与胃粘膜病变的程度相关。ＰＧ（胃蛋白酶原）Ⅰ∶Ⅱ随病变的进展而逐步降低，ＳＧ９．１，ＣＡＧ７．２，ＩＭ５．７，ＤＹＳ５．４及ＧＣ（胃癌）３．８。基于上述研究结果，１９９５年秋开展了胃癌前病变的随机化前瞻性干预试验     

饮食中抗癌因素研究

饮食因素与癌症的关系是目前癌症流行病学研究中的一个重要内容,得到了人们高度的重视。本文仅对饮食中抗癌因素的流行病学和实验研究的概况加以介绍。     

A STUDY OF PRECANCEROUS GASTRIC LESIONS IN A HIGH RISK POPULATION

A study of precancerous gastric lesion was conducted in a randomly selected high risk population in Linqu, Shandong Province of China. 849 subjects aged from 30-64 were examined bioptically. There were 8 cases of gastric cancer, the prevalence rate was 0.9%. 169 subjects were diagnosed to be dysplasia, the prevalence rate of dysplasia was increased significantly with age. The regression equation was Y=0.47X-0.25. The prevalence of CAG was found in 36 per cent of the studied subjects and both dysplasia and CAG were more serious in the antrum than the. fundus. The results showed a natural history of precancerous gastric lesions in a high risk population in a high risk area.     

AGE AND SITES-SPECIFIC PREVALENCE RATES OF PRECANCEROUS GASTRIC LESIONS AT A HIGH-RISK POPULATION OF STOMACH CANCER

A population-based screening for stomach cancer (SC) and its precancerous lesions was conducted in Linqu County, Shandong, China, one of the highest SC rates found in China and the world. An analysis of precancerous stomach lesions revealed that chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) was a universal common among people aged 35-64 (96-98%). For 52% and 20% of the residents in this age group had Intestinal metaplasia (IM) or dysplssia (DYS). These more advanced lesions were more pronounced in the antrum for both males and females. Age-specific prevalence rates in different anatomic locations sshowed that CAG, developed in the antrum, particularly along the lesser curvature earter than other sites and spread to fundus. IM and DYS accrued under the background of CAG with a leading time in the antrum than the other part of the stomach. Although CAG, IM and DYS prevalence rates were higher in the antrum than In the fundus, the prevalence rates showed a similar smoothly slope, a result of accumulated somatic genetic     

FACTORS INFLUENCING SERUM PEPSINOGEN LEVELS IN A CHINESE POPULATION AT HIGH RISK OF STOMACH CANCER

The relationships between serum pepsinogen (PG) levels and age, sex, ABO blood type, cigarette smoking and diet were studied among over 3, 000 residents selected at random in an area with high risk of stomach cancer in Shandong Province, China. Males had significantly higher median PG Ⅰ and Ⅱ levels than feamles. PG Ⅰ tended to decrease and PG Ⅱ to rise with age. Subjects with blood type A had a higher PG Ⅱ level than subjects with other blood types. Both PG Ⅰ and Ⅱ levels rose with dally consumption of cigarettes. Alcohol consumption was not related to PG levels. The PG Ⅰ/Ⅱ ratio declined with increasing consumption of sour pancakes, a fermented staple food found to contain N-nitroso compounds and to be a risk factor for stomach cancer in this population.     

N-亚硝酰胺暴露水平与人胃粘膜pan-myc p62蛋白等的过表达

目的：从分子流行病学水平探讨myc等基因在体亚硝酸胺（NAD）致胃癌过程中的作用。方法：进行胃液总NAD含量测定和胃窦部粘膜活检及免疫组化染色。结果：57．1％的胃液样品检出NAD，pan－mycp62过表达率在胃液NAD阳性者和阴性者中差异显著（P=0．0239）；pan－rasp21、c－erbB－2P185和突变型P53的表达无此差异。结论：myc基因可能在NAD致人胃癌过程的早期发挥作用。     

胃癌高发区儿童幽门螺杆菌感染及传播途径

目的研究胃癌高发区儿童幽门螺杆菌（Ｈｐ）和ｃａｇＡ＋亚型感染状况及细菌传播方式，探讨儿童早期感染Ｈｐ与胃癌的关系．方法用１３Ｃ尿毒酶呼吸实验（１３ＣＵＢＴ）方法检测（山东省临朐县）９８名儿童Ｈｐ感染状况，用ＥＬＩＳＡ方法检测７０名儿童抗ＣａｇＡ抗体及成人抗Ｈｐ抗体．结果胃癌高发区儿童Ｈｐ感染率为６９４％，其中３岁～４岁儿童Ｈｐ感染率为５２６％．９岁～１０岁上升为８５％，１１岁～１２岁下降为６６７％，接近于成人水平．儿童ｃａｇＡ＋亚型感染率为７１４％．Ｈｐ感染有明显的家族聚集性，其中父母双方或一方Ｈｐ感染阳性的子女Ｈｐ感染率（８５％）明显高于父母Ｈｐ感染均阴性者（２２％，Ｐ＜００５）．结论胃癌高发区儿童Ｈｐ、特别是ｃａｇＡ＋亚型感染率很高，且有家族聚集性，表明儿童阶段即可感染Ｈｐ，并且与当地胃癌高发有明显关系．