塞来昔布对骨关节炎患者相关炎性因子影响

目的探讨塞来昔布对不同程度骨关节炎患者关节液肿瘤坏死因子-α(tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)、白细胞介素-1(interleukin-1,IL-1)、前列腺素E_2(prostaglandin E_2,PGE_2)水平及视觉模拟评分(visual analogue scale,VAS)的影响。方法 180例骨关节炎患者,根据病情分为轻度组65例,中度组60例,重度组55例,3组均在常规治疗基础上给予塞来昔布200mg口服,1次/d,共8周。治疗前及治疗2、4、8周时,采用ELISA法检测3组患者关节液TNF-α、IL-1、PGE_2水平,采用VAS评分观察患者疼痛程度改善情况。结果治疗前重度组关节液TNF-α[(56.78±2.43)ng/L]、IL-1[(125.74±4.43)ng/L]、PGE_2[(49.95±3.43)ng/L]水平及VAS评分[(7.21±0.85)分]均高于轻度组[(29.45±3.25)ng/L、(62.78±4.25)ng/L、(25.78±3.15)ng/L、(4.99±0.94)分]和中度组[(42.45±3.78)ng/L、(95.45±4.78)ng/L、(40.56±3.28)ng/L、(6.23±0.78)分](P0.05),中度组高于轻度组(P0.05);治疗2、4、8周后,3组患者关节液TNF-α、IL-1、PGE_2水平和VAS评分均较治疗前降低(P0.05),轻、中度组关节液TNF-α、IL-1、PGE_2水平及VAS评分降低程度大于重度组(P0.05)。结论塞来昔布可有效抑制TNF-α、IL-1、PGE_2的产生,具有抗炎性反应、缓解疼痛的作用,对轻、中度骨关节炎患者效果佳。     

Effect of rhBMP-2 and Osteogenic Revulsants on Proliferation and Differentiation of Bone Marrow Stromal Cells in Rats

The effects of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 （rhBMP-2） and osteogenic revulsants alone or in combination at different time points and in different dosages on proliferation and osteogenesis of bone marrow stromal cells （BMSCs） in SD rats were investigated. Rat BMSCs were cultured in vitro and induced by rhBMP-2 in different dosages （10, 50, 100 and 200μg/L） alone or in combination with osteogenic revulsants. MTT colorimetric assay was used to evaluate The proliferation, activity of alkaline phosphoric （ALP） and osteocalcin were measured at 3rd, 6th, 9th, 12th day respectively. The results showed that rhBMP-2 and osteogenic revulsants could promote the differentiation of BMSCs towards osteoblast phenotype. The proliferation of BMSCs could be enhanced by rhBMP-2 in a dose-dependent manner. The expression of osteoblast phenotype was significantly higher by using both of them than by using them alone, which was verified by the activity of ALP and osteocalcin. It was suggested that the combined use of rhBMP-2 and osteogenic revulsants could promote the proliferation and simultaneously induce and maintain the expression of osteoblast phenotype of BMSCs in rats.     

短时肾动脉阻断在经腹膜后腹腔镜巨大肾上腺肿瘤切除术中的应用疗效观察

目的:观察短时肾动脉阻断应用于经腹膜后腹腔镜巨大肾上腺肿瘤(≥10cm)切除术的疗效,并探讨该方法的安全性和可行性。方法:回顾性分析我院2015年7月～2018年7月采用短时肾动脉阻断行经腹膜后腹腔镜巨大肾上腺肿瘤切除术的9例巨大肾上腺肿瘤患者的临床资料,观察分析其肾动脉阻断时间、手术时间、估计失血量、肾周引流时间、术后住院时间和术后引流量,并对患者进行随访,观察肿瘤复发及肾功能变化情况。结果:9例患者均顺利完成手术,无中转开放,患者肾动脉阻断时间、手术时间、估计失血量、肾周引流时间、术后住院时间和术后引流量分别为(6.22±2.04)min、(152.6±52.8)min、(127.0±117.55)ml、(4.33±1.41)d、(6.44±1.58)d、(71.66±43.95)ml,无术中并发症,术后病理检查显示嗜铬细胞瘤3例,肾上腺髓质脂肪瘤6例。随访1～35个月未观察到肿瘤复发或转移迹象,患者肾功能无异常。结论:短时肾动脉阻断行经腹膜后腹腔镜巨大肾上腺肿瘤(≥10cm)切除术是可行、有效、安全的方法。     

β淀粉样蛋白25～35急性给药和慢性孵育对神经元Ca2+非依赖性的K+电流作用的比较

目的 探讨β-淀粉样蛋白25～35(Aβ25-35)急性给药和慢性孵育对神经元Ca2+非依赖性的K+电流作用的区别. 方法 急性分离大鼠海马及培养皮层神经元; Aβ25-35急性给药(3min)或慢性孵育(24h);利用全细胞膜片钳技术记录Ca2+非依赖性的K+电流以及Calcein-AM法检测神经元活力. 结果 Aβ25-35急性给药使急性分离的海马神经元Ca2+非依赖性的K+电流幅度明显降低(n=11),而慢性孵育则使培养的皮层神经元该电流幅度明显升高(n=11).前者是Aβ25-35通过对K+通道直接的效应发挥其抑制作用,而后者可能主要是通过Aβ25-35上调通道蛋白,改变通道数量而发挥作用. 结论 不同的给药方式通过不同的机制对海马和皮层神经元的Ca2+非依赖性的K+电流产生不同的作用.     

Humanin通过保护线粒体功能对缺氧诱导的神经元损伤发挥保护作用

BACKGROUND： Humanin is a 24-amino acid peptide isolated from the brain of an Alzheimer’s disease patient. Several studies have indicated that Humanin can protect cells against cytotoxicity induced by various insults.
OBJECTIVE： To investigate the protective role of Humanin on hypoxia-induced neuronal death, and to determine the most appropriate therapeutic concentration of Humanin.
DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： Neuropathophysiological, randomized, controlled experiment, conducted at the Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Shanxi Medical University, between March 2007 and October 2007.
MATERIALS： Newborn Wistar rats, 5,5＇,6,6＇ tetrachloro-1,1＇,3,3＇-tetraethyl- benzimidazolylcarbo- cyanine iodide （JC-1, USA）, calcein-acetoxymethylester （calcein-AM, USA）, and Humanin （Shanghai, China） were used in this study. METHODS： Primary cortical neurons were cultured with dulbecco＇s modified eagle＇s medium containing 15% fetal bovine serum. Cultures were divided into three groups： control, hypoxia, and hypoxia ＋ Humanin. Various concentrations of Humanin （1, 10, and 20 μmol/L） were added to the cultures 16 hours prior to hypoxia induction. For hypoxic conditions, cells were maintained at 37 ℃ within an incubator chamber filled with 95% N2 and 5% CO2 for 24 hours. Cells in the control group were cultured in normal oxygen.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Cell viability was determined through the use of the vital dye calcein-AM, and the number of live cells was determined. Mitochondrial membrane potential （△Ψm） was assessed using the fluorescent probe JC-1. Mitochondrial permeability transition pore （mPTP） opening was determined with calcein-AM in the presence of cobalt chloride.
RESULTS： （1） Cell viability： Hypoxia for 24 hours induced death in a large number of neurons. Pre- treatment with 10 μmol/L and 20 μmol/L Humanin, 16 hours prior to hypoxia, protected cells against hypoxia. However, 1 μmol/L Humanin provided little protection. （2） △Ψm： △Ψm was re-duced after 24-hour hypoxia, as assessed by JC-1 and a confocal microscope. Pretreatment with 20 μmol/L Humanin preserved the loss of △Ψm. （3） mPTP： Hypoxia induced the opening of mPTP. Pretreatment with 20 μmol/L Humanin repressed the opening of mPTP, as most of the calcein fluorescence remained in the mitochondria.
CONCLUSION： Humanin （20 μmol/L） protects neuronal cells from hypoxia-induced insults by in- hibiting the opening of mPTP and preserving △Ψm.     

含氟药物的研究进展

目的:了解含氟药物的研究进展。方法:根据文献,综述了氟尿嘧啶和含氟核苷类抗肿瘤药物、含氟核苷类抗病毒药、氟喹诺酮类抗菌药、氟取代三唑类抗真菌药、含氟抗精神病类药等含氟药物的研究现状。结果与结论:含氟药物几乎覆盖所有的临床治疗领域,合成更多含氟化合物并研究其生理活性将是新药开发的热点领域。     

构建基于生理学特点的多元化PBL教学模式

基于生理学课程特点,构建包括病例模式、核心问题模式、情景故事模式等的多方位PBL教学模式,涉及到教学载体构建、教材资料编写、课堂教学程序和效果评价体系等环节。     

脊柱结核后路病灶清除截骨矫形效果观察

目的探讨脊柱结核外科治疗的手术方式及临床效果。方法分析经后路横突截骨入路行病灶清除、矫正后突畸形治疗23例脊柱结核患者的临床资料。结果23倒患者腰痛消失,植骨融合。Cobb’s角由术前26°-41°矫正到术后2°～4°,随访9～24个月,无结核复发病例。结论经后路横突截骨入路、结合痛灶清除、畸形矫正治疗脊柱结核手术简捷、病灶清除彻底、畸形矫正满意,三柱固定,后期脊柱稳定,值得临床推广应用。