还原响应型透明质酸/聚己内酯纳米粒子的制备及其体外抗肺癌效应研究

目的： 构建一种具有良好生物安全性、肿瘤主动靶向性及能实现药物快速释放的药物纳米载体。方法： 通过点击化学反应制备由二硫键连接的两亲性透明质酸/聚己内酯接枝聚合物;采用动态光散射、透射电镜对聚合物的自组装行为进行研究;通过体外药物释放实验探究药物载体还原响应控制释放特性;通过流式细胞术、激光共聚焦显微镜等技术对A549细胞内吞噬载药纳米粒子的机制进行研究;结果： 所制备的含二硫键的接枝聚合物可自组装形成粒径大约为75 nm的球形纳米粒子;该纳米粒子在质量浓度为200 μg·mL^-1时仍具有较好的生物安全性;当纳米粒子包载阿霉素后其粒径增大至128 nm,且药物在还原性条件下可实现快速释放;载药后的纳米粒子经透明质酸/CD44受体间的相互作用快速进入肿瘤细胞内,并能显著抑制肿瘤细胞生长。结论： 本研究合成的含二硫键的透明质酸/聚己内酯接枝聚合物具有良好生物相容性、肿瘤靶向性及药物控制释放特性,作为抗肿瘤药物载体具有一定优势。     

广州管圆线虫特异性rRNA基因的PCR扩增

目的探讨核酸诊断方法用于广州管圆线虫诊断的可能性。方法根据广州管圆线虫成虫rRNA大亚基基因部分序列设计引物,对广州管圆线虫成虫DNA进行PCR扩增,并对该方法的敏感性和特异性进行评价。结果经琼脂糖凝胶电泳和DNA序列测定证实:PCR产物的大小和序列结构与待扩增的广州管圆线虫目的基因完全一致。结论本方法有较好的敏感性和特异性,为将其用于人体广州管圆线虫病的诊断奠定了基础。     

Effects of Tai Chi on Lower-Limb Myodynamia in the Elderly People: A Meta-Analysis

Objective: To assess the effects of Tai Chi (Chinese shadow boxing exercise) for improving the lower-limb muscle strength in elderly people. Methods: The PUBMED database (from 1950), EMBASE-ASP database (from 1974), Cochrane Library (from 1991), Elsevier sciences database (from 1990), OVID full text database (from 1997), Springer-link database (from 1997), The National Research Register database, ISI Web of knowledge (from 1963), Chinese Medical Citation Index/Chinese Medical Current Contents (CMCI/CMCC, from 1989), China Knowledge Resource Integrated Database (CNKI, from 1915),VIP database (from 1989), and Wanfang database (from 1977) have been searched only for the English and Chinese literatures updated to 10-30-2010. Two researchers independently assessed the methodological quality of studies, extracted and checked the data one another according to the include/exclude standards. Disagreement was resolved by discussions or with the third person. The Review Manage Software 5.0 was used for Meta-analysis. Results: Eventually, 2 randomized controled studies and 2 non-randomized controled studies met the inclusion criteria, with 163 subjects involved in the present meta-analysis. The meta-analysis demonstrated that Tai Chi exercise could improve the ankle flexor/extensor muscle strength and the knee extensor/flexor muscle strength, tested with an isokinetic dynamometer. The limb muscle strength increased significantly after Tai Chi exercise (P<0.01). Conclusion: The meta-analysis favours Tai Chi exercise for improving the lower-limb muscle strength in the older people.     

新型两亲性糖聚肽肝癌靶向诊疗一体化纳米粒子的制备及体内外实验研究

通过氨基酸环内酸酐进行开环聚合及Click反应,制备得到新型两亲性糖聚肽——含半乳糖结构单元的聚(N^ε-苄氧羰基-L-赖氨酸)/聚(L-谷氨酸酯)嵌段聚合物,通过红外光谱、核磁共振氢谱对产物结构进行表征;采用透析法制备糖聚肽纳米粒子,对其临界胶束浓度、粒径分布、表面形貌、生物活性、细胞毒性等进行考察。随后,以糖聚肽为载体包载近红外荧光染料IR780制备诊疗一体化纳米粒子,并对其在肝癌HepG2细胞的靶向摄取、光热疗效及活体成像效果方面进行评价。结果显示:该实验成功制备出含半乳糖结构单元的聚(N^ε-苄氧羰基-L-赖氨酸)/聚(L-谷氨酸酯)嵌段聚合物;这种糖聚肽在水溶液中的浓度达到0.015 μg/mL时,便可以通过自组装形成粒径大约85 nm的球形粒子。细胞毒性实验(MTT)表明,该纳米粒子具有较好的生物安全性,当其浓度达到500 μg/mL时,HepG2与HUVEC细胞仍保持90%以上的生存率。流式细胞术实验结果表明,以糖聚肽为载体,可高效地将IR780传送到HepG2细胞内,具有肝癌靶向能力;体外光热治疗实验结果证实,在808 nm波长激光照射下,对靶向吞噬诊疗一体纳米粒子的HepG2肝癌细胞具有杀伤作用,而且光热治疗效果与IR780的浓度成正相关,当IR780浓度为10.0 μM时,其治疗效果优于5.0 μM时的治疗效果。小动物活体成像实验表明,该诊疗一体化纳米粒子能特异性地聚集在肿瘤部位,经尾静脉注射24 h后仍具有明显的荧光特性。综上可见,该实验合成新型两亲性糖聚肽肝癌靶向诊疗一体化纳米粒子,在肝癌的靶向诊断与治疗中具有广阔的应用前景。     

BODE指数在我国农村慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者中的应用价值

目的 探讨我国农村地区慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者BODE指数与生活质量的相关性及其应用价值.方法 选择广东省英德市九龙镇COPD稳定期患者26例.测定并计算其BODE指数各项目的评分.采用St George呼吸问卷(SGRQ)评价患者的生活质量.结果 患者BODE指数分级与SGRQ总分、症状分、活动分、影响分均具有相关性(r值分别为0.674、0.430、0.460、0.495,P均＜0.05);GOLD分级仅与SGRQ总分和活动分具有相关性(r值分别为0.447、0.418,P均＜0.05).多元线性逐步回归分析发现BODE指数中影响SGRQ总分的因素是6 min步行距离(t=-2.397,P=0.025)和呼吸困难(t=2.257,P=0.034).结论 农村COPD患者BODE指数和生活质量密切相关,BODE指数中6 min步行距离和呼吸困难对生活质量的影响最大.

Abstract：

Objective To evaluate the application value of BODE and the relationship between BODE index and life quality in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in rural China. Methods A total of 26 rural patients with stable COPD were enrolled. BODE index and it's four components including body mass index ( BMI ), airflow obstruction ( FEV1 % ), dyspnea ( MMRC ) and exercise capacity ( 6MWD ) were calculated. St. Georgeps Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) were used to evaluate health-related quality of life of these patients. Results The BODE index was significantly correlated with the SGRQ total score , symptom ,activity and impact score ( r = 0. 674,0. 430,0. 460,0. 495 respectively, Ps ＜ 0. 05 ). GOLD grade was only significantly correlated with the SGRQ total score and active score( r =0. 447,0. 418 ,Ps ＜0. 05 ). Stepwise liner multiple regression analysis showed that activity score of SGRRQ was an influence factor of BODE index. 6MWD of BODE index( t = - 2. 397, P = 0. 025 ) and MMRC ( t = 2. 257, P = 0. 034 ) were independently correlated with activity scores of SGRQ . Conclusion BODE index and life quality had significant relationship. 6MWD and MMRC of BODE index were the most powerful influence factors of life quality in rural COPD patients.