超声引导下穿刺置管引流治疗妊娠期合并高位肛周脓肿的疗效观察

目的探讨超声引导下穿刺置管引流治疗妊娠期合并高位肛周脓肿的疗效。方法选取2016年1月至2017年10月沧州市中心医院诊治的100例妊娠期合并肛周脓肿患者作为研究对象。将其随机分为两组,每组50例患者。观察组50例患者采用超声引导下穿刺置管引流,对照组50例患者采用高位切开挂线术。对两组患者疼痛程度和肛门括约肌功能进行评分,评价治疗效果,并记录患者住院时间、住院费用、创面愈合时间等情况,随访观察患者复发和并发症发生。结果观察组患者痊愈率为98.0%,对照组患者痊愈率为94.0%,其差异无统计学意义(P0.05);观察组患者创面愈合时间、住院时间和住院费用均少于对照组患者,其差异均具有统计学意义(均P0.05);两组患者术后疼痛评分和肛门括约肌功能评分均明显降低,观察组患者相关评分均低于对照组患者,其差异均具有统计学意义(均P0.05);观察组患者并发症发生率(2.0%)低于对照组患者并发症发生率(22.0%),其差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);观察组患者复发率(0%)低于对照组患者复发率(16.0%),其差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论对妊娠期合并高位肛周脓肿患者采用超声引导下穿刺置管引流治疗,疗效肯定,对患者损伤小,并发症少,复发率低,值得临床推广应用。     

肺鳞癌治疗新靶点FGFR的研究进展

肺癌是目前全球发病率和死亡率均居前列的恶性肿瘤，其中肺鳞癌经手术、放化疗等综合治疗后，其疗效仍不满意。随着分子靶向治疗在肺腺癌中取得了令人瞩目的成果，而肺鳞癌患者中EGFR基因突变及ALK融合基因少见，急需探索新的靶点指导肺鳞癌患者的临床治疗。研究表明，FGFR家族（FGFR1-4）是肺鳞癌中突变频率较高的基因，FGFR基因的激活突变和扩增与肺鳞癌的发生和发展密切相关，同时许多小分子 FGFR 抑制剂在临床应用中已经取得较好的治疗效果。目前，许多FGFR抑制剂治疗肺鳞癌的临床试验也正在进行研究，针对FGFR靶点的基因治疗可为肺鳞癌的治疗提供一种新的策略。本文就FGFR在肺鳞癌的靶向治疗中的最新研究进展进行综述。     

浅谈新型冠状病毒肺炎合并基础病的中医药防治策略＊

2019年12月始，新型冠状病毒肺炎（Corona Virus Disease 2019，COVID-19）以湖北武汉为中心向全国各地蔓延。目前数据显示，COVID-19合并糖尿病、高血压、肿瘤等基础病的患者病情较为严峻，病死率相对较高。该类患者的临床治疗策略有待进一步深入研究。在此次疫情防治过程中，中西医结合治疗手段于COVID-19的防治及患者基础疾病的兼顾治疗方面展现出了一定的特色及优势。本文结合中医“未病先防，既病防变，瘥后防复”思想，拟从COVID-19合并糖尿病、高血压、肿瘤三个方面，探讨COVID-19爆发形势下合并基础病患者的中医药防治策略。     

名老中医曹式丽应用细辛治疗慢性肾脏病经验初探

慢性肾脏病作为肾脏病领域主要问题,中医药个体化防治有效。全国老中医药专家曹式丽教授临床应用细辛辨证论治慢性肾病颇有心得,通过阐释曹式丽教授对细辛之温肾阳、利肾水、祛肾瘀、通肾络等功效的独特认识,初步总结其临床应用细辛辨证论治中医肾病的学术经验,为防治慢性肾脏病提供借鉴。     

环状软骨前裂开对兔环状软骨生长发育的影响

目的:观察环状软骨前裂开对环状软骨生长发育的影响。方法:将幼兔环状软骨前正中裂开,8月后测量环状软骨内径,计算其管腔面积。结果:(1)与对照组比较,实验组兔环状软骨管腔面积无显著性差异(P>0.05)。(2)裂开处均由软组织连接,未形成过多瘢痕。结论:环状软骨前裂开对环状软骨及动物的生长发育无明显影响。     

产后产妇300例心理状态调查及应对措施

根据现代医学模式，健康的标准是躯体健康，心理健康和社会适应良好。妇女在妊娠期、分娩期和产褥期承受着躯体和精神上的巨大压力；产后由于身体的变化、社会角色的改变，对产妇的认知、情感、行为具有明显影响。焦虑是人们对环境中一些即将面临的，可能会造成危险和威胁的重大事件，或者要做出重大努力的情况中进行适应时，心理上出现紧张和一种不愉快的期待。探讨产后产妇的心理状态变化及其原因，采取有效的应对措施，以保证产妇的健康及至婴幼儿的健康成长。     

Pediatric intracranial aneurysms——clinical characteristics and therapeutic strategies

Objective To assess the radiological characteristics and therapeutic strategies of intracranial aneurysms in children. Methods From our dedicated neurovascular databank of patients, we reviewed 23 consecutive children who had 24 intracranial aneurysms. There were 14 boys and 9 girls with a mean age of 9.09 years ( range 1 - 14 years ). Results Intracranial aneurysms in children ≤ 14 years constituted 1.3% of all intracranial aneurysms. Internal Carotid artery (ICA) and middle cerebral artery (MCA) were the most frequent sites for aneurysms. About 58.3% of the aneurysms were complex, including dissecting, pseudoaneurysm, giant and fusiform aneurysm. 1/3 of all aneurysms were located in posterior circulation. Only 1 case had multiple aneurysms in this case series. Almost half of all cases presented with subarachnoid hemorrhage and others presented with mass effect. 14 cases underwent endovascular treatment. 4 patients received microsurgical therapy. 5 cases did not receive microsurgical or endovascular therapy, 2 of them whose aneurysms spontaneously thrombosed during follow up. One boy with left vertebral artery giant aneurysm died after endovascular therapy owing to gradual thrombosis in basilar artery. Another child had poor outcome because of rerupture of aneurysm before operation. Whereas the majority had a favorable outcome. Conclusions Intracranial aneurysms in children had many clinical and radiological characteristics different from those in adults : ( 1 ) remarkable male predominance; ( 2 ) ICA and MCA were the most common sites for aneurysms; (3) high incidence of large, traumatic, infectious, dissecting and fusiform aneurysms. (4)For pediatric intracranial aneurysms, both microsurgical approaches and endovascular treatment were effective. Endovaacular therapy was the best choice for complex aneurysms.