关节镜下治疗前交叉韧带胫骨止点撕脱骨折

正2010年7月~2015年2月,我科采用关节镜下Orthocord线治疗32例前交叉韧带胫骨止点撕脱骨折患者,疗效良好,报道如下。1材料与方法1.1病例资料本组32例,男18例,女14例,年龄13~61岁。根据MeyersMc Keever分型:Ⅱ型16例,Ⅲ型12例,Ⅳ型4例。新鲜骨折29例,陈旧性骨折     

距骨多发骨内腱鞘囊肿1例报道

正1病例资料20岁男性患者,因右踝关节间断疼痛1年,行走疼痛加重2周来院就诊,右踝关节X线及CT检查示右距骨偏外侧见两处囊性边界清晰低密度灶,其中一处穿破软骨下骨与关节腔相通(见图1)。患者既往无右踝关节外伤病史。入院查体:右踝关节无红肿,无压痛,右踝关节外侧叩痛,无活动受限。术前诊断:右距骨占位性病变,疑多发骨囊肿。手术方     

Foxo3a和p27kip1在大鼠坐骨神经损伤后背根神经节中的表达

Objective To investigate the expression of Foxo3a and p27kip1 in lumbar dorsal root ganglia (DRG) after injury of sciatic nerve in rats. Methods Adult rats were randomly divided into control group and experimental group. The rats in experimental group were subjected to sciatic nerve clamp.Expression and distribution of Foxo3a and p27kip1 and cellular proliferation and axon regeneration in DRG was detected by western blot and immunohistochemistry. Results Foxo3a protein levels begined to reduce at 1 day (7.0 ± 3.5), reached valley at 2 day (6.0 ± 3.8) after injury, and following Foxo3a downregulation, p27kip1 protein levels begined to decrease at 2 day (29.0 ± 3.5), reached valley at 7 day (21.0± 3.0) after injury. Down-regulation of Foxo3a and p27kip1 was expressed predominantly in neurons and glial cells by double immunolabelling. Foxo3a and p27kip1 were expressed in neurons [(37.8 ± 5.7)%, (43.3 ±4.3)%] and glial [(22.4 ± 3.9)%, (13.8 ± 3.2)%] cells in sections of DRG at 2 day after injury less than neurons [(73.6 ± 2.5)%, (84.1 ± 3.7)%] and glial [(61.3 ± 4.4)%, (68.7 ± 5.6)%] cells in sections of normal DRG. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and GAP-43 were up-regulation from 2 day, and PCNA reached peak at 7 day after injury.The glial cells were the main type of cellular proliferation.Conclusion Down-regulation of Foxo3a and p27kip1 in lumbar DRG is correlated with the proliferation of glial cells and axonal regeneration after sciatic nerve injury.     

双侧髋关节后脱位合并股骨头PipkinⅡ型骨折一例

外伤导致的髋关节脱位占所有关节脱位的2%-5%,而双侧髋关节同时脱位约占髋关节脱位的1%-2%[2],双侧髋关节脱位同时合并双侧股骨头骨折更是少见。2014年6月我院收治一位年轻患者,手术后经过2年多的门诊复查恢复良好。报道如下。     

Foxo3a和p27kip1在大鼠坐骨神经损伤后背根神经节中的表达

目的 探讨坐骨神经夹伤后Foxo3a和p27kip1在腰段背根神经节(DRG)中表达变化及其意义.方法 将成年SD大鼠随机分为正常对照组和实验组.对实验组实行坐骨神经夹伤术.运用蛋白质印迹、免疫荧光双标,研究大鼠坐骨神经夹伤后,腰段DRG中Foxo3a和p27kip1的表达、分布以及细胞增殖和轴突再生情况.结果 Foxo3a在坐骨神经夹伤后1 d表达值(7.0±3.5)开始明显下降,2 d表达值(6.0±3.8)达到最低值,随之逐渐升高,p27kip1在坐骨神经夹伤后2 d表达值(29.0±3.5)表达开始明显下降,7 d表达值(21.0±3.0)达到最低值,随之逐渐升高;Foxo3a和p27kip1分布于神经元和神经胶质细胞内且在坐骨神经夹伤后2d DRG中,Foxo3a和p27kip1在神经元细胞[(37.8±5.7)%、(43.3±4.3)%]和神经胶质细胞[(22.4±3.9)%、(13.8±3.2)%]中表达较在正常组神经元细胞[(73.6±2.5)%、(84.1±3.7)%]和神经胶质细胞[(61.3±4.4)%、(68.7±5.6)%]减少;细胞核增殖抗原(proliferating cell nuclear antigen,PCNA)和神经元生长相关蛋白(GAP-43)在坐骨神经夹伤后2 d DRG中表达值[12±2.6,15±1.9]均开始上调,PCNA在7 d表达值(25.0±3.2)达到最高点,GAP-43则保持较高水平;此外,PCNA与神经胶质细胞共定位明显,与神经元细胞几乎无共定位.结论 大鼠坐骨神经损伤后,Foxo3a和p27kip1在腰段DRG中的表达减少与神经胶质细胞增殖和轴突再生密切相关.     

平行双接骨板内固定治疗老年肱骨远端粉碎性骨折

Objective To summarize our experience of treating distal humeral fractures of AO/OTA type C with parallel-plate fixation in the aged. Methods From January 2007 to September 2008, we treated 22 cases of type C distal humeral fractures by parallel-plating. They were 6 males and 16 females, with a mean age of 70. 2 (range, 60 to 81 ) years, including 3 open fractures (Gustilo type Ⅰ) and 19 close fractures. According to AO classification, there were 5 cases of type C1, 10 cases of type C2 and 7 cases of type C3. The posterior midline approach was selected. After the articular surface of the distal humerus was exposed through the olecranon osteotomy or the liguliform flap of triceps brachii muscle, parallel-plate fixation was performed to fix fractures internally. All patients began functional exercise of the elbow joint from 3 days after operation. Results All patients were followed up for a mean of 18 (range, 13 to 35) months. All fractures achieved complete union. The mean degrees of the elbow movement were as follows: extension was 16°(range, 0 to 50°), flexion 125° (range, 95° to 140°), supination 65° (range, 40° to 90°) and pronation 67°(range, 40° to 90°). According to Mayo elbow performance score (MEPS), 11 cases were graded as excellent, 8 as good, 2 as fair and one as poor. 86. 4% of the patients had an excellent or good functional result. Two cases reported transient ulnar nerve paralysis, 2 heterotopic ossification, one delayed union and elbow stiffness,3 slight symptoms of traumatic arthritis, and 2 slight malformation of cubitus varus. Conclusions Parallel-plate fixation is a preferred treatment for AO type C distal humeral fractures in the aged because of satisfactory bone healing, early mobilization and recovery of joint function. However, more attention should be paid to the complexity of the fracture which may influence the therapeutic effects of the operation.     

Foxo3a和p27kip1在大鼠坐骨神经损伤后背根神经节中的表达

Objective To investigate the expression of Foxo3a and p27kip1 in lumbar dorsal root ganglia (DRG) after injury of sciatic nerve in rats. Methods Adult rats were randomly divided into control group and experimental group. The rats in experimental group were subjected to sciatic nerve clamp.Expression and distribution of Foxo3a and p27kip1 and cellular proliferation and axon regeneration in DRG was detected by western blot and immunohistochemistry. Results Foxo3a protein levels begined to reduce at 1 day (7.0 ± 3.5), reached valley at 2 day (6.0 ± 3.8) after injury, and following Foxo3a downregulation, p27kip1 protein levels begined to decrease at 2 day (29.0 ± 3.5), reached valley at 7 day (21.0± 3.0) after injury. Down-regulation of Foxo3a and p27kip1 was expressed predominantly in neurons and glial cells by double immunolabelling. Foxo3a and p27kip1 were expressed in neurons [(37.8 ± 5.7)%, (43.3 ±4.3)%] and glial [(22.4 ± 3.9)%, (13.8 ± 3.2)%] cells in sections of DRG at 2 day after injury less than neurons [(73.6 ± 2.5)%, (84.1 ± 3.7)%] and glial [(61.3 ± 4.4)%, (68.7 ± 5.6)%] cells in sections of normal DRG. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and GAP-43 were up-regulation from 2 day, and PCNA reached peak at 7 day after injury.The glial cells were the main type of cellular proliferation.Conclusion Down-regulation of Foxo3a and p27kip1 in lumbar DRG is correlated with the proliferation of glial cells and axonal regeneration after sciatic nerve injury.     

Foxo3a在大鼠坐骨神经损伤后背根神经节中的表达

目的 探讨大鼠坐骨神经夹伤后Foxo3a在腰段背根神经节(dorsal root ganglia,DRG)中的表达变化及其意义.方法 将42只成年SD大鼠完全随机分为正常对照组和实验组.对实验组行坐骨神经夹伤术.运用Western blot及免疫荧光染色,观察大鼠坐骨神经夹伤对腰段DRG中Foxo3a表达的影响及其与生长相关蛋白的表达变化.结果 Western blot结果表明,坐骨神经夹伤后1 d,腰段DRG中Foxo3a蛋白表达开始明显下降,第2天达到最低值,随之逐渐升高,于4周后接近正常水平.坐骨神经夹伤后2 d细胞核增殖抗原(proliferating cell nuclear antigen,PCNA)和神经元生长相关蛋白(GAP-43)在DRG中的表达均开始上调,在7 d达到最高点,GAP-43则保持较高水平.免疫荧光染色结果表明,Foxo3a表达下降主要存在于神经元和神经胶质细胞内,并且PCNA与神经元细胞几乎无共定位,与神经胶质细胞共定位明显.结论 大鼠坐骨神经损伤后,Foxo3a在腰段DRG中的表达减少可能与神经胶质细胞增殖和轴突再生密切相关.     

球囊扩张椎体成形修复椎体压缩骨折的生物力学分析

背景：对于球囊扩张椎体成形的椎体压缩性骨折来说,临近椎体骨折到底是骨质疏松症进展的结果,还是椎体注入骨水泥干预和椎体强化的结果,目前生物力学研究和临床研究均存在争议,需要更深入的研究和更为长期的随访方可得出更为准确的结论。目的：评价球囊扩张椎体成形治疗对椎体压缩性骨折椎体及未强化临近椎体生物力学性能的影响。方法：制备40例猪椎体压缩骨折标本,随机分为研究组和对照组。研究组行球囊扩张椎体成形治疗,对照组仅采用生理盐水纱布包裹。比较两组标本的生物力学性能(椎体高度、最大载荷)以及500 N载荷下的应力、应变及位移值;另外测量观察组球囊扩张椎体成形治疗前和治疗后未强化临近椎体的应力值和应变值,并与对照组进行比较。结果与结论：与原始高度相比,研究组椎体行球囊扩张椎体成形治疗后能够恢复至原有高度,差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05)。比较研究组和对照组前、后、左、右的椎体高度,研究组显著高于对照组(P < 0.01)。研究组采用骨水泥强化后,刚度较对照组降低,最大载荷较对照组增加,差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05)。固定载荷500 N下,与对照组相比,研究组球囊扩张椎体成形治疗后椎间盘位移值显著降低,椎间盘应变值及应力值显著升高(P < 0.05)。比较观察组球囊扩张椎体成形治疗前和治疗后未强化临近椎体的应力值和应变值,差异均无显著性意义(P > 0.05);观察组治疗后未强化临近椎体的应力值和应变值与对照组比较,差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05)。提示经球囊扩张椎体成形治疗椎体压缩骨折,椎体最大载荷和刚度的恢复状况良好,可达到预防椎体再次骨折的效果。同时球囊扩张椎体成形治疗并不能改变临近椎体的生物力学性能,难以影响并导致临近椎体的再次骨折,安全性较好。  中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程