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1.
Audrey?Pettifor Amanda?Selin F.?Xavier?Gómez-Olivé Molly?Rosenberg Ryan?G.?Wagner Wonderful?Mabuza James?P.?Hughes Chirayath?Suchindran Estelle?Piwowar-Manning Jing?Wang Rhian?Twine Tamu?Daniel Philip?Andrew Oliver?Laeyendecker Yaw?Agyei Stephen?Tollman Kathleen?Kahn The HPTN protocol team 《AIDS and behavior》2016,20(9):1863-1882
Young women in South Africa are at high risk for HIV infection. Cash transfers offer promise to reduce HIV risk. We present the design and baseline results from HPTN 068, a phase III, individually randomized trial to assess the effect of a conditional cash transfer on HIV acquisition among South African young women. A total of 2533 young women were randomized to receive a monthly cash transfer conditional on school attendance or to a control group. A number of individual-, partner-, household- and school-level factors were associated with HIV and HSV-2 infection. After adjusting for age, all levels were associated with an increased odds of HIV infection with partner-level factors conveying the strongest association (aOR 3.05 95 % CI 1.84–5.06). Interventions like cash transfers that address structural factors such as schooling and poverty have the potential to reduce HIV risk in young women in South Africa. 相似文献
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Catherine A. Grodensky Carol E. Golin Allison P. Pack Audrey Pettifor Michele Demers Cecelia Massa Gift Kamanga Kevin McKenna Amy Corneli 《Patient education and counseling》2018,101(6):1103-1109
Objective
Individuals diagnosed with acute HIV infection (AHI) are highly infectious and require immediate HIV prevention efforts to minimize their likelihood of transmitting HIV to others. We sought to explore the relevance of Motivational Interviewing (MI), an evidence-based counseling method, for Malawians with AHI.Methods
We designed a MI-based intervention called “Uphungu Wanga” to support risk reduction efforts immediately after AHI diagnosis. It was adapted from Options and SafeTalk interventions, and refined through formative research and input from Malawian team members and training participants. We conducted qualitative interviews with counselors and participants to explore the relevance of MI in this context.Results
Intervention adaptation required careful consideration of Malawian cultural context and the needs of people with AHI. Uphungu Wanga's content was relevant and key MI techniques of topic selection and goal setting were viewed positively by counselors and participants. However, rating levels of importance and confidence did not appear to help participants to explore behavior change as intended.Conclusion
Uphungu Wanga may have provided some added benefits beyond “brief education” standard of care counseling for Malawians with AHI.Practice implications
MI techniques of topic selection and goal setting may enhance prevention education and counseling for Malawians with AHI. 相似文献4.
5.
Kleinschmidt I Pettifor A Morris N MacPhail C Rees H 《The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene》2007,77(6):1163-1169
In common with most countries, little is know about the geographic distribution of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in South Africa. Variations in HIV infection of persons 15-24 years of age were modeled and mapped using generalized linear spatial models and Bayesian prediction based on data from a national HIV household survey conducted in 2003 and comprising 11,904 youth from approximately 700 enumeration areas that were randomly selected from the national census. The maps show considerable variation in HIV prevalence within provinces. The lowest levels were found in inland rural areas of the Western Cape, and the highest in northwestern parts of KwaZulu Natal, southern Mpumalanga, and eastern Free State. Prevalence of HIV was associated with ethnicity, urban status, and unemployment. Detailed maps of HIV prevalence can be effectively used in guiding and focusing intervention programs to areas of particular need. 相似文献
6.
R Buffenstein D C Skinner S Yahav G P Moodley M Cavaleros D Zachen F P Ross J M Pettifor 《The Journal of endocrinology》1991,131(2):197-202
The damara mole rat, Cryptomys damarensis, is a strictly subterranean dwelling herbivorous rodent that in its natural habitat has no access to any obvious source of cholecalciferol (D3). We examined the effects of D3 supplementation, at physiological and supraphysiological doses, on calcium metabolism, plasma concentrations of calcium and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and D3 metabolites. Animals not receiving a D3 supplement maintained normal plasma calcium concentrations. In addition, they exhibited a high apparent fractional mineral absorption efficiency (91%) and maintained a positive mineral flux. The serum concentration of 25-(OH)D3 was undetectable (less than 5 nmol/l) and that of 1,25-(OH)2D3 was 41 +/- 10 pmol/l. Supplementation at a physiological dose of D3 resulted in increased plasma concentrations of D3 metabolites, food intake, apparent fractional absorption efficiency and apparent fractional retention efficiency. Despite the 1.8-fold increase in food intake, body mass remained constant suggesting that the enhanced energy intake was dissipated in catabolic processes. Plasma calcium and ALP concentrations were not significantly altered with physiological doses of D3. The group given supraphysiological doses of D3 exhibited hypercalcaemia, increased creatinine concentrations and markedly increased ALP levels. These data indicate that a pathological response to D3 intoxication occurred and that hepatic and renal excretory functions were impaired. It appears, therefore, that these animals function optimally at the low concentrations of D3 metabolites found naturally. Supplementation at both physiological and supraphysiological doses of D3 may disadvantage the damara mole rat. 相似文献
7.
Leddy Anna M. Neilands Torsten B. Twine Rhian Kahn Kathleen Ahern Jennifer Pettifor Audrey Lippman Sheri A. 《AIDS and behavior》2022,26(5):1347-1354
AIDS and Behavior - We previously demonstrated that village community mobilization (CM) was associated with reduced HIV incidence among adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) in South Africa.... 相似文献
8.
Gichane Margaret W. Rosenberg Nora E. Zimmer Catherine Pettifor Audrey E. Maman Suzanne Maseko Bertha Moracco Kathryn E. 《AIDS and behavior》2022,26(3):822-832
AIDS and Behavior - Transactional sex increases HIV risk among adolescent girls and young women (AGYW). Understanding the individual and dyadic nature of transactional sex may provide evidence for... 相似文献
9.
Stoner Marie C. D. Bhushan Nivedita L. Maragh-Bass Allysha C. Mitchell John T. Riggins Linda Walker Maleka LeMasters Katherine Reese Bianka Dearing Aissa Debnam Summer Golin Carol Lightfoot Alexandra F. Pettifor Audrey 《AIDS and behavior》2022,26(5):1672-1683
AIDS and Behavior - Adolescents and young adults (AYA; 13–24 years-old) comprise 22% of new HIV infections in the United States (US), most of whom live in the South. We used the... 相似文献
10.
Chipanta David Pettifor Audrey Edwards Jessie Giovenco Danielle Topazian Hillary Mariko Bray Rachel M. Millington Monique C. Estill Janne Keiser Olivia Justman Jessica E. 《AIDS and behavior》2022,26(9):3068-3078
AIDS and Behavior - We aimed to measure social protection coverage among the general population, women and men living with HIV (WLHIV, MLHV), female and male sex workers (FSW, MSW), men who have... 相似文献