患者术后疼痛与焦虑情绪的相关性

为探讨术后焦虑情绪和疼痛的相关性，对121例普外患者术后应用临床简明疼痛表（MPQ）和焦虑自评量表（SAS）进行评定，就焦虑情绪和疼痛的关系进行相关性分析，结果显示患者对疼痛的感觉，在情绪和认知上有不同反应，焦虑发生率达40．5％；SAS≤45分者疼痛评定各项得分高于SAS〈45分者，焦虑状态与疼痛反应程度呈显著性正相关，表明患者术后疼痛与焦虑情绪关系密切，疼痛程度有随焦虑情绪增加而增加的趋势。     

糖尿病兔模型视网膜VEGF表达的定位研究

目的研究糖尿病兔动物模型血管内皮细胞生长因子(VEGF)在视网膜中的定位。方法应用四氧嘧啶制备糖尿病兔动物模型,采用免疫荧光、免疫荧光双重标记技术,分别以胶质纤维酸性蛋白(GFAP)抗体、VEGF抗体为一抗;羊抗兔IgG-Cy3、马抗鼠IgG-FITC为二抗进行免疫荧光染色。结果在糖尿病兔动物模型视网膜中,GFAP与VEGF共同表达于视网膜Müller细胞。结论糖尿病兔模型中,视网膜Müller细胞通过表达VEGF发挥促进新生血管形成的作用。     

糖尿病酮症酸中毒患儿氧化应激状况及影响因素分析

Objective To investigate the oxidative stress state in children with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA),and analyze whether any observed abnormalities were related to metabolic disturbances.Methods Four groups of subjects were studied,comprising with 22 patients with DKA(group 1),18 diabetic children with medium metabolic control,whose glycated hemoglobin(HbAlc) below 9%(group 2),22 children with poorly controlled diabetes,whose Hbal c above 9%(group 3),and 36 healthy control children(group 4).Malondialdehyde(MDA),nitrate oxidase(NO),glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px),superoxide dismutase(SOD),and metabolic parameters such as fasting blood glucose,HbAlc,blood gas analysis,serum ion,renal function of the subjects were measured.Results Mean serum MDA value was significantly higher in group 1 than in group 2(P ＜0.01) and group 4(P ＜0.01),but was not different from that in group 3 (P ＞0.05).Serum levels of NO were significantly higher in group 1,2 and 3 compared with group 4(P＜0.01).Serum levels of GSH-Px were significantly lower in group 1,2 and 3 than in group 4(P＜0.01).There were no significant differences of serum SOD value among the four groups(P＞0.05).Both serum MDA and NO values in the diabetic patients(groups 1 +2 +3) were positively related to HbAlc(r=0.375,P ＜0.01;r=0.250,P ＜0.05),and serum SOD values in the DKA patients were negatively related to HbAlc(r= -0.507,P＜0.05),there were not any significant relationship between the other oxidative markers and metabolic parameters.Conclusion There is an increase of oxidative stress and decrease of antioxygenic ability in DKA children,and these changes tend to correlate more with markers of diabetic imbalance than with parameters of acute metabolic disturbances of DKA.     

澳洲维省糖尿病儿童夏令营见闻

儿童糖尿病夏令营是集娱乐、健身、宣教、治疗为一体的一种集体活动，是一种加强儿童糖尿病管理行之有效的手段。我有幸参加了一期澳大利亚维多利亚省儿童糖尿病夏令营，撰此文将所见所闻与同道分享。     

再发性低血糖对幼鼠脑内GLUT1及GLUT3表达的影响

目的观察再发性低血糖后脑内葡萄糖转运蛋白1(glucose transporter 1,GLUT1)及葡萄糖转运蛋白3(GLUT3)表达的变化,从而探讨无症状低血糖的发生机制。方法将80只15日龄野生型小鼠随机分为正常对照组及低血糖组,每组40只。低血糖组给予正规胰岛素腹腔注射3次,每次剂量为5U/kg,对照组注射等体积生理盐水。两组分别在最后1次注射后12、24、48及72 h处死小鼠取脑组织(每组每时间点10只),应用免疫组化方法观察小鼠脑内GLUT1及GLUT3表达的变化。结果低血糖后脑内微血管上GLUT1表达有增加趋势,皮质增加高于海马,72 h皮质GLUT1表达显著高于对照组;低血糖后48、72 h皮质及海马GLUT3表达均显著高于相应对照组。结论再发性低血糖后脑内GLUT1及GLUT3适应性增高,这种适应既能节省神经元的能量代谢,但也能削减神经元对低血糖的反应。     

糖尿病酮症酸中毒患儿氧化应激状况及影响因素分析

Objective To investigate the oxidative stress state in children with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA),and analyze whether any observed abnormalities were related to metabolic disturbances.Methods Four groups of subjects were studied,comprising with 22 patients with DKA(group 1),18 diabetic children with medium metabolic control,whose glycated hemoglobin(HbAlc) below 9%(group 2),22 children with poorly controlled diabetes,whose Hbal c above 9%(group 3),and 36 healthy control children(group 4).Malondialdehyde(MDA),nitrate oxidase(NO),glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px),superoxide dismutase(SOD),and metabolic parameters such as fasting blood glucose,HbAlc,blood gas analysis,serum ion,renal function of the subjects were measured.Results Mean serum MDA value was significantly higher in group 1 than in group 2(P ＜0.01) and group 4(P ＜0.01),but was not different from that in group 3 (P ＞0.05).Serum levels of NO were significantly higher in group 1,2 and 3 compared with group 4(P＜0.01).Serum levels of GSH-Px were significantly lower in group 1,2 and 3 than in group 4(P＜0.01).There were no significant differences of serum SOD value among the four groups(P＞0.05).Both serum MDA and NO values in the diabetic patients(groups 1 +2 +3) were positively related to HbAlc(r=0.375,P ＜0.01;r=0.250,P ＜0.05),and serum SOD values in the DKA patients were negatively related to HbAlc(r= -0.507,P＜0.05),there were not any significant relationship between the other oxidative markers and metabolic parameters.Conclusion There is an increase of oxidative stress and decrease of antioxygenic ability in DKA children,and these changes tend to correlate more with markers of diabetic imbalance than with parameters of acute metabolic disturbances of DKA.     

民族院校开展《药物化学》网络教学改革初探

本文根据互动式教学和《药物化学》课程教学的特点及要求,针对民族院校蒙古族学生的基本情况,对互动式网络教学总体思路的设计、教学模式与方法的建立以及教学效果的评估等方面均进行了初步探索。认为民族院校开展《药物化学》互动式网络教学是可行的,能够培养学生自主获取知识的能力,是一条可行而有效的提高《药物化学》教学质量的路径。     

卵巢肿瘤中FHIT和survivin的表达及临床意义

目的:研究survivin和FHIT在卵巢浆液性乳头状囊腺癌发病机制中的作用及两者的相关性分析。方法:采用免疫组织化学S-P法,检测卵巢浆液性肿瘤中两者表达情况,统计其与囊腺癌临床参数的关系,以及二者相关性的研究。结果:Survivin在恶性肿瘤组织中表达率显著高于其在囊腺瘤组织中的表达,其表达率与临床分期、组织学分级等密切相关。在囊腺癌组织中FHIT蛋白的阳性率明显低于卵巢良性肿瘤组织,并在病理分化差的G3组阳性率明显低于分化较好的G1-G2组;在临床Ⅲ～Ⅳ期组明显低于临床Ⅰ～Ⅱ期组。随着肿瘤恶性程度的加重,survivin基因表达上调,FHIT基因表达下调。结论:Survivin和FHIT与囊腺癌的临床病理特征和生物学行为关系密切。Survivin在囊腺癌中过表达,FHIT在囊腺癌中表达降低并且与survivin的表达密切相关,说明它们在囊腺癌的发生发展过程中可能通过共同的机制参与。联合检测survivin和FHIT,可提高卵巢肿瘤的检出率,并对诊断及判断肿瘤恶性程度和预后有一定参考价值。     

某润滑油研究开发中心职业病危害因素现状评价

目的：对某润滑油研究开发中心进行职业病危害因素现状进行评价。方法：根据职业卫生现场调查、职业卫生检测以及职业健康检查结果，对润滑油研究开发中心工作场所进行综合评价。结果：该中心工作场所中存在非甲烷总烃、正戊烷、正己烷、环己烷、苯、甲苯、二甲苯、溶剂汽油、乙酸、盐酸、一氧化碳、一氧化氮、二氧化氮、噪声等职业病危害因素，2个乙酸检测点浓度超标，其余均符合国家职业卫生标准的要求。结论：该中心采取的职业病危害防护设施及职业卫生管理措施等情况基本符合国家职业卫生标准和要求。