F52-8C程控X线机灯丝增温异常的原因分析与解决方案设计

目的:为了顺利解决F52-8C程控X线机程序提示灯丝增温异常的故障。方法:通过对F52-8C程序检测灯丝增温异常的原理分析,结合长期对该故障的跟踪维修,总结设计对此故障的维修解决方案,为类似故障维修工作提供参考和依据。结果:成功设计了F52-8C程控X线机灯丝增温异常的故障解决方案。结论:该解决方案设计经过实践检验可行性较强,方案条理清晰,既有故障维修的普遍实用性,又有对该故障较强的针对性。     

数字化X线胸部摄影管电压选择对影像质量影响的研究

Objective To study the relationship between the selection of tube tension in digitalchest radiograph and image quality.Methods When tube current was fixed at 4 mAs, the choice of X-ray tube voltage changed from 60 to 120 kV.CDRAD2.0 contrast details phantom and normal human chest were exposed by X-ray system with 7 kinds of tube voltage (the difference between tube voltage was 10 kV) ,and the X-ray incidental dose of phantom surface was measured.Five radiologists with 3 years working experience evaluated the image quality on monitor and calculated the image quality factor (IQF) and image reading score.Statistics analysis was then performed by using ANOVA test and t test.According to the results, the optimum tube voltage range was determined.Results (1) The incidental dose of phantom surface increased with the higher tube voltage.(2)When the tube voltage was changed from 60 kV to 120 kV, the IQF value observed in CDRAD2.0 phantom image on monitor was 75.0±10.4,57.1±6.4,52.7±2.5,47.9±4.5, 46.0±3.8,46.0±2.8,45.2±3.5 ,there was significant statistical differences between groups(F=19.10, P<0.01).(3)The integrated score of the chest image quality in the tube voltage 90 kV and 120 kV were 12.4±0.9 and 13.0±0.7, respectively, and there was no statistical difference between two groups(t= 1.500,P>0.05).Conclusions (1)With the increase of tube tension,the display capacity of display device gradually strengthened.When the tube tension exceeded 90 kV, the increase of image quality on monitor was not evident.(2) With proper radiation dose, the value of tube tension in digital X-ray chest photograph was about 90 kV.     

组织电导率性质对磁感应磁声耦合成像声源强度的影响

针对部分生物组织电导率分布具有各向异性的特点,对磁感应磁声耦合成像的声源强度特征进行理论分析,推导不同电导率性质的声源强度公式,并运用COMSOL Multiphysics5.5建立生物组织电导率模型,进行电磁场仿真分析求解,用Matlab 2016a计算其振动声源。结果证明,在同样磁场激励条件下,电导率各向同性和各向异性的声源分布都能反映生物组织的层析结构,但其强度不同。本研究为磁感应磁声耦合成像逆问题声源的精确重建提供了理论基础。     

用观察者操作特性曲线探讨中频和工频X射线机对影像质量的影响

X射线片的影像质量评价是国内外放射界十分重视的问题，影像质量评价有主观评价法、客观评价法及主客观结合的综合评价法。而X射线片的影像质量如何，不仅取决于操作者的实际工作经验，更重要的是取决于机器成像性能参数、机器的调制传递函数（modulation transfer function，MTF）和设备系统的观察者操作特性曲线（receiver operating characteristic curve，ROC）。笔者重点通过实验方法研究比较中频和工频X射线机照射剂量；并用ROC曲线评价方法，探讨中频和工频X射线机性能对X射线照片影像质量的影响，现将实验结果叙述如下。     

医用MRI系统快速获取梯度回波脉冲序列开发

目的:探讨在i_Open 0.36T医用磁共振成像(MRI)系统上开发快速获取梯度回波脉冲序列(RAGE)的可行性与实现方法。方法:pascal语言编辑源程序,可调参数控制激发层数,相位编码时序,激发脉冲相位循环,数据采集次数,各段梯度脉冲开关时序等,编排k空间数据记录方式,满足快速傅立叶变换重建需要。编译源程序,调试图像。结果:在256×256采集矩阵的情况下,单层面成像时间最小值4s,所获图像分辨率、信噪比等指标能满足临床诊断需要。结论:利用该方法设计快速获取梯度回波脉冲序列是可行的。     

数字化X线胸部摄影管电压选择对影像质量影响的研究

Objective To study the relationship between the selection of tube tension in digitalchest radiograph and image quality.Methods When tube current was fixed at 4 mAs, the choice of X-ray tube voltage changed from 60 to 120 kV.CDRAD2.0 contrast details phantom and normal human chest were exposed by X-ray system with 7 kinds of tube voltage (the difference between tube voltage was 10 kV) ,and the X-ray incidental dose of phantom surface was measured.Five radiologists with 3 years working experience evaluated the image quality on monitor and calculated the image quality factor (IQF) and image reading score.Statistics analysis was then performed by using ANOVA test and t test.According to the results, the optimum tube voltage range was determined.Results (1) The incidental dose of phantom surface increased with the higher tube voltage.(2)When the tube voltage was changed from 60 kV to 120 kV, the IQF value observed in CDRAD2.0 phantom image on monitor was 75.0±10.4,57.1±6.4,52.7±2.5,47.9±4.5, 46.0±3.8,46.0±2.8,45.2±3.5 ,there was significant statistical differences between groups(F=19.10, P<0.01).(3)The integrated score of the chest image quality in the tube voltage 90 kV and 120 kV were 12.4±0.9 and 13.0±0.7, respectively, and there was no statistical difference between two groups(t= 1.500,P>0.05).Conclusions (1)With the increase of tube tension,the display capacity of display device gradually strengthened.When the tube tension exceeded 90 kV, the increase of image quality on monitor was not evident.(2) With proper radiation dose, the value of tube tension in digital X-ray chest photograph was about 90 kV.     

基于PBL理论的医学物理学专业实验教学模式探索

目的:为了进一步提高医学物理学专业学生的实践动手能力,提高医学物理学专业教学质量,为社会培养高层次、高质量的医学物理学专业人才。方法:在医学物理学专业理论教学的同时,结合专业特点,通过长期调查研究,剖析当前实验教学模式的现状和存在问题,探索医学物理学专业实验教学改革的新思路和新方法。通过把PBL(Problem-Based Learning)教学理论方法引入医学物理学专业的实验教学中,并且经过分组实验教学对比,科学评价,为本研究的顺利进行提供了实验数据。结果:分析数据,对比研究,提出了基于PBL教学理论的高校医学物理学教育实验教学模式的改革建议。结论:该研究对提高医学物理学专业实验教学的教学质量具有重要的应用价值,为我国的医学物理学专业教育改革提供了必要的参考。     

程控X线机复位电路的改进

一、程控X线机复位电路的不足 FSK302-1A型程控X线机属于工频X线机,但由于采用了单片机控制技术,其自动化程度远高于普通常规X线机.在单片机控制电路中,复位电路非常重要,如果它不能可靠地工作,整个系统根本无法正常运行.复位包括上电复位和系统运行复位,所谓上电复位是指单片机得电后立即进入规定的初始状态;所谓运行复位是指系统非正常运行情况下的重新初始化.后者有手动复位和自动复位之分,FSK302-1 A型程控X线机采用的是手动复位.     

数字化X线胸部摄影管电压选择对影像质量影响的研究

Objective To study the relationship between the selection of tube tension in digitalchest radiograph and image quality.Methods When tube current was fixed at 4 mAs, the choice of X-ray tube voltage changed from 60 to 120 kV.CDRAD2.0 contrast details phantom and normal human chest were exposed by X-ray system with 7 kinds of tube voltage (the difference between tube voltage was 10 kV) ,and the X-ray incidental dose of phantom surface was measured.Five radiologists with 3 years working experience evaluated the image quality on monitor and calculated the image quality factor (IQF) and image reading score.Statistics analysis was then performed by using ANOVA test and t test.According to the results, the optimum tube voltage range was determined.Results (1) The incidental dose of phantom surface increased with the higher tube voltage.(2)When the tube voltage was changed from 60 kV to 120 kV, the IQF value observed in CDRAD2.0 phantom image on monitor was 75.0±10.4,57.1±6.4,52.7±2.5,47.9±4.5, 46.0±3.8,46.0±2.8,45.2±3.5 ,there was significant statistical differences between groups(F=19.10, P<0.01).(3)The integrated score of the chest image quality in the tube voltage 90 kV and 120 kV were 12.4±0.9 and 13.0±0.7, respectively, and there was no statistical difference between two groups(t= 1.500,P>0.05).Conclusions (1)With the increase of tube tension,the display capacity of display device gradually strengthened.When the tube tension exceeded 90 kV, the increase of image quality on monitor was not evident.(2) With proper radiation dose, the value of tube tension in digital X-ray chest photograph was about 90 kV.     

程控X线机故障采集卡的研制

目的:为了解决故障设置法教学中因FSK302-1A型程控X线机不具备语音报警而引起的种种不便,特提出一种程控X线机语音故障采集卡的设计方案.方法:在分析程控X线机旋转阳极、灯丝预热、主可控硅损坏、手闸信号、电源波动、透视限时等检测原理的基础上,找出其在CPU板上的对应信号,通过采集卡的接口电路完成故障信号的采集.采集卡硬件系统主要包括单片机ATA89C52、语音芯片ISD4004、接口电路等部分,软件系统包括录音编址、语音故障报警等模块.结果:本采集卡简单实用,大大提高了教学质量.结论:对于其他种类的程控X线机和高频X线机,该方案具有重要的参考价值.