Calculation of α decay half-lives for superheavy elements using the double folding model＊

α decay half-lives of some new synthesized superheavy elements, possibly synthesized superheavy elements and decay products are calculated theoretically within the WKB approximation by using microscopic α-nucleus interaction potentials. These nuclear potentials between the α particle and daughter nuclei are obtained by using the double folding integral of the matter density distribution of the α particle and daughter nuclei with a density-dependent effective nucleon-nucleon interaction, in which the zero-range exchange term is supplemented. The calculated α decay half-lives are compared with those of the different models and experimental data. It is shown that the present calculation successfully provides the half-lives of the observed decays for some new superheavy elements and therefore gives reliable predictions for α decay of possibly synthesized superheavy elements in future experiments.     

Simulation of 12C+12C elastic scattering at high energy by using the Monte Carlo method

The Monte Carlo method is used to simulate the ¹²C+¹²C reaction process. Taking into account the size of the incident ¹²C beam spot and the thickness of the ¹²C target, the distributions of scattered ¹²C on the MWPC and the CsI detectors at a detective distance have been simulated. In order to separate elastic scattering from the inelastic scattering with 4.4 MeV excited energy, we set several variables: the kinetic energy of incident ¹²C, the thickness of the ¹²C target, the ratio of the excited state, the wire spacing of the MWPC, the energy resolution of the CsI detector and the time resolution of the plastic scintillator. From the simulation results, the preliminary establishment of the experiment system can be determined to be that the beam size of the incident ¹²C is φ 5 mm, the incident kinetic energy is 200-400 A MeV, the target thickness is 2 mm, the ratio of the excited state is 20%, the ight distance of scattered ¹²C is 3 m, the energy resolution of the CsI detectors is 1%, the time resolution of the plastic scintillator is 0.5%, and the size of the CsI detectors is 7 cm×7 cm, and we need at least 16 CsI detectors to cover a 0° to 5° angular distribution.     

α preformation and penetration probability for heavy nuclei

The α preformation factor and penetration probability have been analyzed for even--even nuclei of Po, Rn, Ra using experimental released energies and α decay half-lives in the frame of the double folding model. It is shown that N=126 is a neutron magic number from α preformation and shell effects play an important role in α preformation. The closer the nucleon number is to the magic number, the more difficult α formation in the parent nucleus is. The preformation factor can supply information on the nuclear structure and the penetration probability mainly determines α decay half-life.     

强脉冲电子束辐照材料表面形貌演化的模拟

在回顾和总结强脉冲电子束表面改性实验的基础上, 利用有限元数值计算方法对强脉冲电子束辐照铝和304不锈钢产生的温度场进行模拟, 给出了靶的近表面区域流体状态存在的特征尺度和特征时间, 并对不同材料特性下熔坑的产生原因进行了讨论. 采用两相流模型, 通过水平集方法和有限元方法结合的计算流体力学模拟了熔坑和表面突起形貌在表面处于熔融状态下的运动特征, 通过和实验数据相对比, 验证了对于高黏度, 高表面张力的高熔点金属, 表面处于流体状态下的张力驱动效应是熔坑等表面形貌演化的重要原因.     

强流脉冲离子束能量密度分布的红外诊断

强流脉冲离子束在靶上的能量密度分布是其研究和应用的一个重要参数。为了解决现有束流能量密度诊断方法的不足,利用红外成像仪测量靶背面的温度分布,从而建立了强流脉冲离子束能量密度分布的红外诊断方法。对能量密度1J/cm2量级、脉冲宽度为102 ns量级的束流,该方法测量误差好于5%,空间分辨率可达到1~2mm,具有操作简便、成本低的优点,是强脉冲能量沉积分布的一种高效迅速的诊断方法。     

Relations between compositional modulation and atomic ordering degree in thin films of ternary III—V semiconductor alloys

This paper derives the expressions for the ordering degree and the modulation factor of A and B atoms in A_xB_1-xC epilayers of ternary III--V semiconductor alloys. Using these expressions, it identifies quantitatively the alternating atom-enhanced planes, compositional modulations, atomic ordering degree on the group-III sublattices and the fine structure of NMR spectra.     

Simulation of beam optics for ~(12)C+~(12)C scattering of RCNP by using Monte Carlo method

The Monte Carlo method is used to simulate the beam optics of the WS beam line of RCNP, Osaka University in order to know the effect of collimators on the beam line to control the beam spot. According to the simulation, we do not need to use the collimator to cut the beam and the beam angular resolution can be better than 0.05° in achromatic mode. In the present paper, the actual beam condition during the beam adjustment is listed. The accelerator can provide a 12 C beam in achromatic mode and the angular resolution σ=0.7775 mrad ±0.0030 mrad.     

赝火花脉冲电子束传输中束斑分析

通过赝火花强流脉冲电子束对酸敏变色片和单晶硅的轰击试验，结合束流自箍缩效应进行理论计算，对赝火花脉冲电子束传输中束斑的变形进行了研究与分析. 结果表明椭圆形轰击束斑是由通过旁路电容的瞬态电流产生的方位角磁场所引起的，并且提出了解决束斑变形的有效方法. 关键词： 脉冲电子束 赝火花放电 束斑 自箍缩效应     

强脉冲离子束横截面分布的测量

强脉冲离子束在靶上的横截面能量密度分布和束流焦点位置是束流分析和辐照效应研究中重要的技术参数.利用红外成像诊断技术,可以以较高的空间分辨率和能量密度分辨率对束流的横截面分布进行测量,并可以实现对束流焦点的测量和束流传输特性的分析.通过该实验,可以使学生掌握强脉冲加速器诊断的基本技能,加深对加速器原理及脉冲束流分布和传输特性的认识.