天津市地下水生态系统服务价值演变

基于千年生态系统评估对生态系统服务的分类方法，将天津市地下水生态系统服务功能划分为供给、调节、 支持和文化 4 个方面，以此为基础建立地下水生态系统服务价值评估指标体系，采用价值量评估方法构建货币化 的价值评估模型，对地下水生态系统服务价值进行测算，并重点分析南水北调中线工程通水前后天津市地下水生 态系统服务价值演变特征。结果表明：2008—2019 年，天津市地下水生态系统年均总服务价值为 83.71 亿元，其 中，南水北调中线工程通水前（2008—2014 年）为 69.81 亿元，通水后（2015—2019 年）为 103.18 亿元；通水后，地 下水调节服务价值、支持服务价值增大，供给服务价值减小；南水北调中线工程对地下水生态系统服务价值的贡 献呈增大趋势，由 2015 年 2.64 亿元增加至 2019 年 24.01 亿元。     

气候变化背景下滇中引水工程水源区与受水区 降水丰枯遭遇分析

基于历史实测降水数据与全球气候模型预估数据，使用 Morlet 小波方法分析滇中引水工程水源区与受水区 降水序列的周期变化和未来的降水趋势。同时，采用 Copula 函数计算历史时期（1960—2021 年）与未来时期 （2022—2100 年）水源区与受水区降水丰枯异步或丰枯同步的概率。结果表明：1960—2021 年降水序列存在 26~39?a、18~25?a、4~7?a 的 3 类时间尺度的周期变化，2022—2100 年降水序列存在 38~55?a、18~30?a、5~12?a 的 3 类时间尺度的周期变化，降水量呈现“多—少—多”的循环交替，预计未来 10~20?a 将持续处于降水较多的时期； 过去 62?a，水源区和受水区降水丰枯异步频率 36.4%，同期丰水年频率为 25.3%，同期枯水年频率小于 30%，水源区 和受水区具有水量互补的引水条件，两区域之间存在着水量补偿特征；与历史丰枯遭遇对比，未来降水量丰枯同 步频率均呈现减小的趋势，丰枯异步呈现增加的趋势，同枯和源枯受丰的频率减少，未来有利于调水的降水丰枯 组合概率平均增加 3.75%；在近、中、远期预估中，从 SSP1-2.6 情景过渡到 SSP5-8.5 情景，SSP5-8.5 情景下降水量 丰枯异步频率比 SSP1-2.6 情景大，说明水源区与受水区的降水区域差异变大，降水时空差异更加显著。通过对滇 中引水工程水源区与受水区降水量丰枯遭遇的综合分析、定量评估和模拟预测，为滇中引水工程水资源调度协同 一体化提供数据支撑及参考依据。     

[2.2]Paracyclophane-Based TCN-201 Analogs as GluN2A-Selective NMDA Receptor Antagonists

Recent studies have shown the involvement of GluN2A subunit-containing NMDA receptors in various neurological and pathological disorders. In the X-ray crystal structure, TCN-201 ( 1 ) and analogous pyrazine derivatives 2 and 3 adopt a U-shape (hairpin) conformation within the binding site formed by the ligand binding domains of the GluN1 and GluN2A subunits. In order to mimic the resulting π/π-interactions of two aromatic rings in the binding site, a [2.2]paracyclophane system was designed to lock these aromatic rings in a parallel orientation. Acylation of [2.2]paracyclophane ( 5 ) with oxalyl chloride and chloroacetyl chloride and subsequent transformations led to the oxalamide 7 , triazole 10 and benzamides 12 . The GluN2A inhibitory activities of the paracyclophane derivatives were tested with two-electrode voltage clamp electrophysiology using Xenopus laevis oocytes expressing selectively functional NMDA receptors with GluN2A subunit. The o-iodobenzamide 12 b with the highest similarity to TCN-201 showed the highest GuN2A inhibitory activity of this series of compounds. At a concentration of 10 μM, 12 b reached 36 % of the inhibitory activity of TCN-201 ( 1 ). This result indicates that the [2.2]paracyclophane system is well accepted by the TCN-201 binding site.     

Studies on spinel cobaltites,MCo2O4 (M = Mn,Zn, Fe,Ni and Co) and their functional properties

Optimization of electrodes for charge storage with appropriate processing conditions places significant challenges in the developments for high performance charge storage devices. In this article, metal cobaltite spinels of formula MCo₂O₄ (where M = Mn, Zn, Fe, Ni and Co) are synthesized by oxalate decomposition method followed by calcination at three typical temperatures, viz. 350, 550, and 750 °C and examined their performance variation when used as anodes in lithium ion batteries. Phase and structure of the materials are studied by powder x-ray diffraction (XRD) technique. Single phase MnCo2O4,ZnCo2O4 and Co3O4 are obtained for all different temperatures 350 °C, 550 °C and 750 °C; whereas FeCo₂O₄ and NiCo₂O₄ contained their constituent binary phases even after repeated calcination. Morphologies of the materials are studied via scanning electron microscopy (SEM): needle-shaped particles of MnCo₂O₄ and ZnCo₂O₄, submicron sized particles of FeCo₂O₄ and agglomerated submicron particle of NiCo₂O₄ are observed. Galvanostatic cycling has been conducted in the voltage range 0.005–3.0 V vs. Li at a current density of 60 mA g^?1 up to 50 cycles to study their Li storage capabilities. Highest observed charge capacities are: MnCo₂O₄ – 365 mA h g^?1 (750 °C); ZnCo₂O₄ – 516 mA h g^?1 (550 °C); FeCo₂O₄ – 480 mA h g^?1 (550 °C); NiCo₂O₄ – 384 mA h g^?1 (750 °C); and Co₃O₄ – 675 mA h g^?1 (350 °C). The Co₃O₄ showed the highest reversible capacity of 675 mA h g^?1; the NiO present in NiCo₂O₄ acts as a buffer layer that results in improved cycling stability; the ZnCo₂O₄ with long needle-like shows good cycling stability.     

Improvement of 19F MR image uniformity in a mouse model of cellular therapy using inductive coupling

Magnetic Resonance Materials in Physics, Biology and Medicine - Improve 19F magnetic resonance imaging uniformity of perfluorocarbon (PFC)-labeled cells by using a secondary inductive resonator...     

南水北调中线水源区浮游植物群落结构 及其生物多样性

为探究南水北调中线水源区丹江口水库浮游植物群落结构变化及其生物多样性，于 2014—2015 年对丹江 口水库进行为期 1 年的调查和分析。发现浮游植物共 8 门 76 属 101 种，其中，绿藻门、蓝藻门及硅藻门占总种数 90.10%，绿藻门种类数最多（45 种），其次是蓝藻门（26 种）和硅藻门（20 种）。浮游植物群落结构随季节变化有所 不同：夏秋季节生物量明显高于冬春季节；优势种在冬季以颗粒直链藻、颗粒直链藻极狭变种、铜绿微囊藻和小 环藻为主，春季以球衣藻、薄甲藻属及小环藻为主，夏季以简单颤藻、单胞衣藻原变种和球衣藻为主，秋季以类颤 藻鱼腥藻、简单颤藻、球衣藻和小环藻为主。应用 Shannon-Wiener 多样性指数 H′、Pielou 均匀度指数 J′、Margalef 丰富度指数 Dm评价水质结果表明：丹江口水库夏秋季水体营养化程度更高。典型对应分析表明：水温、透明度、 总氮、总磷等是影响浮游植物群落结构的主要环境因子，夏秋季受温度影响蓝藻、绿藻数量逐渐增多，一定程度 上增加了受水区生态变化风险。本研究可为南水北调中线水源区丹江口水库生态环境变化及生物迁移风险提供 数据支持。     

Cyp1 Inhibition Prevents Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiomyopathy in a Zebrafish Heart-Failure Model

Doxorubicin is a highly effective chemotherapy agent used to treat many common malignancies. However, its use is limited by cardiotoxicity, and cumulative doses exponentially increase the risk of heart failure. To identify novel heart failure treatment targets, a zebrafish model of doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy was previously established for small-molecule screening. Using this model, several small molecules that prevent doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity both in zebrafish and in mouse models have previously been identified. In this study, exploration of doxorubicin cardiotoxicity is expanded by screening 2271 small molecules from a proprietary, target-annotated tool compound collection. It is found that 120 small molecules can prevent doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity, including 7 highly effective compounds. Of these, all seven exhibited inhibitory activity towards cytochrome P450 family 1 (CYP1). These results are consistent with previous findings, in which visnagin, a CYP1 inhibitor, also prevents doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity. Importantly, genetic mutation of cyp1a protected zebrafish against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity phenotypes. Together, these results provide strong evidence that CYP1 is an important contributor to doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity and highlight the CYP1 pathway as a candidate therapeutic target for clinical cardioprotection.