环己酮生产装置中环己醇精馏塔技术改造

针对环己酮生产系统中环己醇精馏塔分离效果差、蒸汽消耗量大、精馏塔外排重组分中环己醇含量高、环己醇浪费严重等问题,采用环己醇精馏塔内部中心位置增设小分离塔,直接耦合插入精馏塔底部的方式,利用小分离塔在精馏塔内进行再沸加热回流,使重组分中的环己醇进一步分离.降低了外排塔釜液中环己醇的含量,在达到精馏分离效果的同时,也节约了精馏塔蒸汽的消耗,取得了很好的经济和环保效益.     

关于12 MW生物质发电项目汽轮机岗位开车问题分析及改进措施

针对12 MW生物质(糠醛渣)发电项目汽轮机岗位开车过程中出现的汽封风机频繁跳车、汽封加热器蒸汽侧液位持续性过高及高压加热器疏水管路振动等现象,分析原因是管道中积水过多、多级液封与汽封之间高度差与压差过小、管道支架和管道导淋设置不合理。采用针对性的整改措施后,问题得以解决,保证了汽轮机岗位的成功开车及稳定运行,为整个生物质发电项目实现长周期稳定运行提供有力保障。     

Toward Energy-Efficient and Trustworthy eHealth Monitoring System

The rapid technological convergence between Internet of Things(IoT),Wireless Body Area Networks(WBANs)and cloud computing has made e-healthcare emerge as a promising application domain,which has significant potential to improve the quality of medical care.In particular,patient-centric health monitoring plays a vital role in e-healthcare service,involving a set of important operations ranging from medical data collection and aggregation,data transmission and segregation,to data analytics.This survey paper firstly presents an architectural framework to describe the entire monitoring life cycle and highlight the essential service components.More detailed discussions are then devoted to {\em data collection} at patient side,which we argue that it serves as fundamental basis in achieving robust,efficient,and secure health monitoring.Subsequently,a profound discussion of the security threats targeting eHealth monitoring systems is presented,and the major limitations of the existing solutions are analyzed and extensively discussed.Finally,a set of design challenges is identified in order to achieve high quality and secure patient-centric monitoring schemes,along with some potential solutions.     

“至上”与“虚无”

<正>俄国画家马列维奇是"至上主义"抽象绘画流派的创始者,其绘画作品简约而纯粹,以最简单的形式——方块展现出艺术家丰富的感情世界,探索了形体、色彩与空间的关系。而同样善于运用几何形态的西班牙雕塑家奥泰萨的风格则显得冷静而克制,其雕塑作品通常看起来虚幻而抽象,没有强烈的情感表现,以高度理性化的手法展现出一种"虚无"的艺术境界。二人所专注的领域虽有不同,但他们的作品都在关注形式与其所在空间之间的复杂关系。     

移动边缘计算环境下的动态资源分配策略

在通讯设备爆炸式增长的时代,移动边缘计算作为5G通讯技术的核心技术之一,对其进行合理的资源分配显得尤为重要。移动边缘计算的思想是把云计算中心下沉到基站部署(边缘云),使云计算中心更加靠近用户,以快速解决计算资源分配问题。但是,相对于大型的云计算中心,边缘云的计算资源有限,传统的虚拟机分配方式不足以灵活应对边缘云的计算资源分配问题。为解决此问题,提出一种根据用户综合需求变化的动态计算资源和频谱分配算法(DRFAA),采用"分治"策略,并将资源模拟成"流体"资源进行分配,以寻求较大的吞吐量和较低的传输时延。实验仿真结果显示,动态计算资源和频谱分配算法可以有效地降低用户与边缘云之间的传输时延,也可以提高边缘云的吞吐量。     

一种计算单井可采储量的新方法

针对油田开发缺少单井潜力评价的问题,运用油藏工程和数理统计方法,从理论和矿场实践两方面进行研究,得到了单井可采储量预测模型,提出一种新的单井潜力评价方法。将研究成果应用于鄂尔多斯盆地绥靖油田措施选井中,结果表明:应用单井可采储量法优选措施井实施效果有效率较生产动态法提高了21.8%,研究内容对油田措施选井方向提供了新的选择。     

Strain rate dependency and fragmentation pattern of expanding warheads

For the characterization of the behaviors of a metal material in events like expanding warheads, it is necessary to know its strength and ductility at high strain rates, around 104e105/s. The flyer plate impact testing produces the uniform stress and strain rates but the testing is expensive. The Taylor test is relatively inexpensive but produces non-uniform stress and strain fields, and the results are not so easily inferred for material modeling. In the split-Hopkinson bar(SHB), which may be used in compression, tension and torsion testing, the strain rates never exceeds 103/s. In the present work, we use the expanding ring test where the strain rate is 104e105/s. A streak camera is used to examine the expanding ring velocity, and a water tank is used to collect the fragments. The experimental results are compared with the numerical simulations using the hydrocodes AUTODYN, IMPETUS Afea and a regularized smooth particle(RSPH) software. The number of fragments increases with the increase in the expansion velocity of the rings. The number of fragments is similar to the experimental results. The RSPH software shows much the same results as the AUTODYN where the Lagrangian solver is used for the ring. The IMPETUS Afea solver shows a somewhat different fragmentation characteristic due to the node splitting algorithm that induces pronounced tensile splitting.     

轮轨高频动力作用模拟中接触模型的影响分析

轮轨高频动力分析模型目前多沿用了传统的赫兹接触模型,其在高速轮轨系统上的适用性尚未得到验证。针对赫兹接触工况,建立基于多体动力学的车轮-轨道耦合动力学和车辆动力学模型,其中轮轨法向接触由赫兹弹簧表征,作为对比也建立基于显式有限元的三维高速轮轨瞬态滚动接触有限元模型,采用可考虑三维接触几何的"面-面"接触算法精确求解轮轨接触。对比150～500km/h速度范围内典型钢轨短波波磨(波长20～140mm、波深0.01～0.20mm)激励下的高频轮轨力结果,发现三种模型预测的幅值存在显著差异,但未发生轮轨脱离时(波磨尚浅),三种模型预测的幅值均与波深线性正相关。具体而言,相较于瞬态滚动接触模型,车轮-轨道耦合动力学和车辆动力学模型预测的垂向轮轨力更大,其特征幅值的最大差值分别为静轮重的39.2%和88.4%,三种模型预测波长30mm波磨的临界波深(恰好发生轮轨脱离)相应地高于0.2mm、0.14mm和0.05mm。开展高速、高频轮轨动力分析时,传统的赫兹接触弹簧会带来不可忽略的计算误差。     

聚乙烯催化剂表面分形和多重分形特征

应用分形和多重分形理论研究了负载型聚乙烯催化剂(简称催化剂)表面形态。提出一种图片处理和计算过程更加完备的基于扫描电子显微镜照片的分形维数和多重分形谱计算程序,对4种催化剂进行分析计算。探讨了分形维数、多重分形谱相关参数与催化剂表面形态及与聚合活性的对应关系。实验结果表明,催化剂表面形态的复杂程度可以用表面分形维数来表征,聚合活性高的催化剂表面形态更加复杂,有更大的比表面积,对应的分形维数值也越大。催化剂表面分形维数的变化程度可以用多重分形谱来表征,聚合活性高的催化剂表面分形维数的跨度和分散程度更高。提出的分形维数和多重分形谱计算程序为催化剂的评定与设计提供了一种实用的手段。