改性大豆皮吸附剂对Pb2+的生物吸附性能研究

Using soybean hull residue after the soluble dietary fiber being removed during the soybean processing industry as crude material, a novel absorbent modified soybean hulls is prepared. Its adsorption behavior for Pb2+ is studied. The adsorbent has a large and efficient adsorpuon capacity for Pb-, uv to 20% of the mass of dry adsorbent. Its maximum adsorption capacity for Pb2+ reaches 217 mg.g-1 at initial Pb2+ concentration of 2000 mg.L-1,which is twice that of yeast absorbent and threefold greater than that of chitosan absorbent. The adsorption ability is sensitive to pH value in the solution and the optimal pH for adsorption of Pb2+is 7.0. In the presence of other metal ions (Ca2+, Mg2+and Na+) in the solution, their effect on the adsorption capacity for Pb2+is not obvious. After 5 cycles of adsorption, 80% adsorption capacity of Pb2+ is maintained. Compared with various available commercial resins, the modified soybean hulls are a plentiful, inexpensive and effective medium for the capture of dissolved Pb2+ from waste streams.     

改性大豆皮吸附剂对Pb2+的生物吸附性能研究

Using soybean hull residue after the soluble dietary fiber being removed during the soybean processing industry as crude material,a novel absorbent,modified soybean hulls,is prepared.Its adsorption behavior for Pb2+ is studied.The adsorbent has a large and efficient adsorption capacity for Pb2+,up to 20% of the mass of dry ad-sorbent.Its maximum adsorption capacity for Pb2+ reaches 217 mg·g-1 at initial Pb2+ concentration of 2000 mg·L-1,which is twice that of yeast absorbent and threefold greater than that of chitosan absorbent.The adsorption ability is sensitive to pH value in the solution and the optimal pH for adsorption of Pb2+ is 7.0.In the presence of other metal ions (Ca2+,Mg2+ and Na+) in the solution,their effect on the adsorption capacity for Pb2+ is not obvious.After 5 cy-cles of adsorption,80% adsorption capacity of Pb2+ is maintained.Compared with various available commercial resins,the modified soybean hulls are a plentiful,inexpensive and effective medium for the capture of dissolved Pb2+ from waste streams.     

响应面法优化黑曲霉产葡萄糖氧化酶条件

运用响应面法对黑曲霉(Aspergillus niger)产葡萄糖氧化酶以及发酵条件进行了优化.根据单因素实验结果,利用Plackett-Burman设计对影响其产酶相关因素进行评估并筛选出具有显著效应的3个因素:葡萄糖,玉米浆和碳酸钙.用最陡爬坡试验逼近以上3个因子的最大响应区域后,采用Box-Behnken设计以及响应面分析法,确定其优化后发酵条件为(g/L):葡萄糖172.11、玉米浆11.05、碳酸钙52.29、牛肉蛋白胨3.5、(NH4)H2PO4O05、KCl0.15、MgSO4·7H2O 0.125、FeSO4·7H2O 0.125,220r/min,30℃培养48h.优化后的葡萄糖氧化酶酶活达786.3 U/g,比在种子培养基中酶活350.5 U/g提高了2倍左右.     

绿色化学与化工的原理及应用:III.生物技术在化学品生产中的应用

通过实例说明了国内外生物化工技术在化学品及新型功能材料等领域的应用 ,阐明了生物化工技术对促进化学工业技术进步和产业结构调整及对促进绿色化学工业发展的作用     

Integrative Extraction of Ergosterol, （1→3）-α-D-Glucan and Chitosan from Penicillium chrysogenum Mycelia

Abstract Ergosterol,（1→3）-α-D-glucan and chitosan are important biomaterials. In this research, a process has been developed to integratively extract ergosterol, （1→3）-α-D-glucan, and chitosan from Penicillium chrysongenum mycelium. First the mycelia are pretreated with 0.1mol·L^-1 of NaOH. After recovery by centrifugation the solid portion is made to undergo saponification and deacetylation reactaons by addition of 2mol·L^-1 NaOH and et anol.After reaction, extraction is carried out by addition of petroleum ether, which separates the reaction mixture into two phases. The upper layer of petroleum ether contains extracted ergosterol, and the .bottom layer of NaOH solution contains （1→3）-α-DEglucan; the chitosan is on the mycelia residuum. After isolation, the recovery yield of ergosterol is 0.52% of dry mycelium. That of （1→3）-α-D-glucan is about 8.2%; and chitosan is 5.7% with 86% deacetylation. The compositions have been characterized by 1R, HPLC analyses.     

酶法合成单脂肪酸甘油酯

该项目建立了一条脂肪酶催化棕榈油甘油解制备单甘酯的工艺路线。筛选出最佳酶源BUCT—11及相应的无机类载体作为脂肪酶固定化载体,并采用结晶法进行纯化。得到的单甘酯含量>90.0％,产品性能指标达到FCC标准。目前,单甘油酯主要采用化学法生产,能耗大、反应产物易降解、分离提纯困难。该工艺有望取代化学法过程。     

分子印迹菌丝体吸附树脂在印刷电路板废水处理中的应用

采用新型分子印迹菌丝体(Penicillium chrysogenum)吸附树脂处理印刷电路板废水,当铜的初始质量浓度为120 mg/L,pH=5时,静态吸附容量为53 mg/g左右,比商业树脂732提高15%左右;解析率在1 min即达到85%以上,而商业树脂732仅为11%.在中试实验中,连续运行80 h后,出口废水中铜质量浓度仍低于1.0 mg/L左右.与传统处理方法相比较,该法简化了废水处理工艺,节省大量的化学药品,大大降低了废水处理成本.     

牛物法PDO合成PTT结构与性能的研究

采用生物法1，3-丙二醇（PDO）直接酯化缩聚合成聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯（PTT），通过IR、^1H NMR、DSC和TG方法对其进行了表征，并与化学法PDO合成的PTT进行比较。结果表明，生物法PDO合成的产物是PTT；生物法PDO合成的肿比同一纯度的化学法PDO合成的肿色泽好、粘度大、摩尔质量高，且随PDO纯度提高，肿粘度、摩尔质量增大；生物法PDO合成的肿熔点与化学法PDO合成的肿相差不大，熔融峰比化学法PDO合成的肿尖锐，熔融热大，结晶度高；不同PDO合成的肿树脂热失重相差不大，表明PDO不同对肿热分解行为影响不大。     

生物化工现状与展望

阐述了国内外生物化工发展现状及生物技术在化学品制造、环境保护及新型功能材料等领域的应用，讨论了国内生物化工目前存在的问题，提出了生物化工的发展方向及对策。     

壳聚糖涂层亲和层析在超氧化物歧化酶纯化中的应用

1前言亲和层析是蛋白质纯化中分离效率最高的技术之一。亲和配基有多种形式如单机、底物、活性染料、金属离子等。固定化金属离子亲和层析（Immobilizedmetalionaffinitychromatog’“PhyIMAC）是Porath在1975年首先研究的一种高效分离技术［‘3。IMAC和普通的亲和层析相比，具有一些优点，如亲和配基Cu’”、Zn’“价廉；可在高盐浓度下操作；稳定，容易再生。Sulkowke曾用IMAC技术分离纯化干扰素，一步可纯化产品几十倍【“，收率达90％。目前IMAC介质制备是先在软基质SePharose或SePhadex上用化学交联法弓卜螫合剂IDA（Imino…