木薯酸性淀粉在面包制作中的应用

用发酵法制备了无毒性，乳酸含量高，卫生达标，粘弹性能好的食用木薯酸性淀粉，用其制作面包，不仅成本低，而且在感观性能上完全可以与小麦粉面包相媲美，并且掺入适量豆粉后制作的面包其营养价值高于小麦粉面包，成本也低。     

Application of nanostructured Ca doped CeO2 for ultraviolet filtration

Calcium doped CeO₂ nanoparticles with doping concentrations between 0 and 50 mol% were synthesized by a co-precipitation method for ultraviolet filtration application. Below 20 mol% doping concentration, the samples were single-phase. From 30 mol%, CaCO₃ appears as a secondary phase. The calculated CeO₂ mean crystallite size was 9.3 nm for the pure and 5.7 nm for the 50 mol% Ca-doped sample. Between 250 and 330 nm, the absorbance increased for the 10, 30, and 40 mol% Ca-doped samples compared to the pure one. The band-gap was found to be 3.20 eV for the undoped, and between 3.36 and 3.51 eV for the doped samples. The blue shifts are attributed to the quantum confinement effect. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy showed that the Ce³⁺ atomic concentration in the pure sample was higher than that of the 20 mol% Ca-doped sample.     

Compact antenna for efficient and unidirectional launching and decoupling of surface plasmons

Controlling the launching efficiencies and the directionality of surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) and their decoupling to freely propagating light is a major goal for the development of plasmonic devices and systems. Here, we report on the design and experimental observation of a highly efficient unidirectional surface plasmon launcher composed of eleven subwavelength grooves, each with a distinct depth and width. Our observations show that, under normal illumination by a focused Gaussian beam, unidirectional SPP launching with an efficiency of at least 52% is achieved experimentally with a compact device of total length smaller than 8 μm. Reciprocally, we report that the same device can efficiently convert SPPs into a highly directive light beam emanating perpendicularly to the sample.     

Inverse analysis of material removal data using a multiscale CMP model

This paper describes a mechanical model for a representative dual axis rotational chemical mechanical planarization (CMP) tool. The model is three-dimensional, multiscale and includes sub-models for bulk pad deformation, asperity deformation, lubrication based slurry flow, carrier film deformation, wafer compliance and material removal by abrasive particles in the slurry. With the model, material removal rate (MRR) can be determined as a function of stress applied to the wafer, relative sliding speed, and material and geometric parameters of the pad and slurry. Experimental material removal rate profiles obtained from Cu polishing experiments performed on a wafer without rotation are analyzed as an inverse problem. We use MRR data to predict local CMP conditions such as fluid film thickness, fluid pressure and contact pressure. The results are consistent with available experimental and analytical information. This inverse technique offers promise as an improved method of CMP model verification.     

Aggregate Objective Functions and Pareto Frontiers: Required Relationships and Practical Implications

This paper addresses the problem of capturing Pareto optimal points on non-convex Pareto frontiers, which are encountered in nonlinear multiobjective optimization problems in computational engineering design optimization. The emphasis is on the choice of the aggregate objective function (AOF) of the objectives that is employed to capture Pareto optimal points. A fundamental property of the aggregate objective function, the admissibility property, is developed and its equivalence to the coordinatewise increasing property is established. Necessary and sufficient conditions for such an admissible aggregate objective function to capture Pareto optimal points are derived. Numerical examples illustrate these conditions in the biobjective case. This paper demonstrates in general terms the limitation of the popular weighted-sum AOF approach, which captures only convex Pareto frontiers, and helps us understand why some commonly used AOFs cannot capture desirable Pareto optimal points, and how to avoid this situation in practice. Since nearly all applications of optimization in engineering design involve the formation of AOFs, this paper is of direct theoretical and practical usefulness.     

Resistance of Alkali-Activated Blended Volcanic Ash-MSWI-FA Mortar in Sulphuric Acid and Artificial Seawater

Silicon - This paper investigates the resistance of alkali-activated binder from volcanic ash (VA) + Municipal Solid Waste Incinerator Fly Ash (MSWI-FA) system exposed into sulphuric...     

Effect of Combined Metakaolin and Basalt Powder Additions to Laterite-Based Geopolymers Activated by Rice Husk Ash (RHA)/NaOH Solution

Silicon - The present study deals with the use of locally prepared rice husk ash (RHA)-based sodium silicate for alkaline activation of laterites (uncalcined (LNW) and calcined (LCA)). RHA-based...     

Influence of Thermal Activation and Silica Modulus on the Properties of Clayey-Lateritic Based Geopolymer Binders Cured at Room Temperature

Silicon - In this study, a laterite soil which is a locally available material in many parts of the world was used as the aluminosilicate precursor. The main objective of this study is to...