Hot-sprayed yttrium iron garnet

Hot spraying (evaporative decomposition of solution) of sulfates of yttrium and iron at 1000°C and above produced powders which could be sintered to 99% X-ray density with homogeneous micro-structure and controlled grain size. The powder obtained from the hot-spray reactor was well gelated. However, no detectable YIG phase was obtained in the powder. The only constituents were YFeO₃ and Fe₂O₃. This is attributed to the fast nucleation of YFeO₃ phase in the reactor. The calcination studies of these powders showed that the conversion to YIG phase began above 900°C. The calcined powder with more than 90% conversion to YIG phase was still very fine and reactive. It could be sintered to high density product with average grain size ranging from 2 μ upwards.     

A fuzzy logic‐based meningioma tumor detection in magnetic resonance brain images using CANFIS and U‐Net CNN classification

This article develops a methodology for meningioma brain tumor detection process using fuzzy logic based enhancement and co‐active adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system and U‐Net convolutional neural network classification methods. The proposed meningioma tumor detection process consists of the following stages as, enhancement, feature extraction, and classifications. The enhancement of the source brain image is done using fuzzy logic and then dual tree‐complex wavelet transform is applied to this enhanced image at different levels of scale. The features are computed from the decomposed sub band images and these features are further classified using CANFIS classification method which identifies the meningioma brain image from nonmeningioma brain image. The performance of the proposed meningioma brain tumor detection and segmentation system is analyzed in terms of sensitivity, specificity, segmentation accuracy, and Dice coefficient index with detection rate.     

Integrated fusion framework using hybrid domain and deep neural network for multimodal medical images

Multidimensional Systems and Signal Processing - Nowadays medical images are captured through various imaging modalities for clinical diagnosis. It is more complicated to process the images...     

Development of new alumina-modified sorbents for CO2 sorption and regeneration at temperatures below 200 °C

A new regenerable alumina-modified sorbent was developed for CO₂ capture at temperatures below 200 °C. The CO₂ capture capacity of a potassium-based sorbent containing Al₂O₃ (KAlI) decreased during multiple CO₂ sorption (60 °C) and regeneration (200 °C) tests due to the formation of the KAl(CO₃)(OH)₂ phase, which could be converted into the original K₂CO₃ phase above 300 °C. However, the new regenerable potassium-based sorbent (Re-KAl(I)) maintained its CO₂ capture capacity during multiple tests even at a regeneration temperature of 130 °C. In particular, the CO₂ capture capacity of the Re-KAl(I)60 sorbent which was prepared by the impregnation of Al₂O₃ with 60 wt.% K₂CO₃ was about 128 mg CO₂/g sorbent. This excellent CO₂ capture capacity and regeneration property were due to the characteristics of the Re-KAl(I) sorbent producing only a KHCO₃ phase during CO₂ sorption, unlike the KAlI30 sorbent which formed the KHCO₃ and KAl(CO₃)(OH)₂ phases even at 60 °C. This result was explained through the structural effect of the support containing the KAl(CO₃)(OH)₂ phase which was prepared by impregnation of Al₂O₃ with K₂CO₃ in the presence of CO₂.     

Electroreduction of cyanoacetic acid

A simple electrolytic reduction method for the preparation of beta-alanine hydrochloride using deposited palladium black over graphite is described. Beta-alanine is used for the synthesis of vitamin pantothenic acid. This electroreduction technique should be generally useful for the preparation of primary amines.     

Hybrid Active Contour Mammographic Mass Segmentation and Classification

This research implements a novel segmentation of mammographic mass. Three methods are proposed, namely, segmentation of mass based on iterative active contour, automatic region growing, and fully automatic mask selection-based active contour techniques. In the first method, iterative threshold is performed for manual cropped preprocessed image, and active contour is applied thereafter. To overcome manual cropping in the second method, an automatic seed selection followed by region growing is performed. Given that the result is only a few images owing to over segmentation, the third method uses a fully automatic active contour. Results of the segmentation techniques are compared with the manual markup by experts, specifically by taking the difference in their mean values. Accordingly, the difference in the mean value of the third method is 1.0853, which indicates the closeness of the segmentation. Moreover, the proposed method is compared with the existing fuzzy C means and level set methods. The automatic mass segmentation based on active contour technique results in segmentation with high accuracy. By using adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system, classification is done and results in a sensitivity of 94.73%, accuracy of 93.93%, and Mathew’s correlation coefficient (MCC) of 0.876.     

Thermal Performance Investigation of Mechanical Draft Cooling Tower Using Psychrometric Gun Technique

This paper presents an experimental work that studies the performance of a counterflow cooling tower with expanded wire mesh packing. Due to complicated configuration of the expanded wire mesh packing surface, it is not possible to measure the temperature of the air in the intermediate section of the cooling tower, but only that of the exit air and water temperature. In the experimental study a new concept of psychrometric gun technique is used to measure dry/wet bulb temperature of air at intermediate points of tower packing. First, the paper elaborates on the effect of atmospheric conditions, water mass flow rate and inlet temperature on the variation of the thermodynamics properties of moist air inside the cooling tower and thermal performance characteristics. Second, exergy analysis is applied to study the cooling tower potential of performance using the psychrometric gun technique. An analytical model was compared with experimental data.     

Synthesis of polydiphenylamine nanostructures via microwave and ultra-sonication method for supercapacitor performance

Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics - Polydiphenylamine (PDPA) finds many applications as a conducting polymer due to its unique properties. Herein, we report a facile synthesis...     

Performance analysis of image steganography using wavelet transform for safe and secured transaction

Multimedia Tools and Applications - Internet applications are increased and growing at efficient way. By this technological growth, data communication in the internet in secured way has got a...     

Proposed Design of 1 KB Memory Array Structure for Cache Memories

Wireless Personal Communications - Technology scaling facilitates to meet ever increasing demands for a portable and battery operated systems, at the same time causes diminution of length of the...