排序方式: 共有57条查询结果,搜索用时 93 毫秒
1.
Chadwin D. Young Gennadi Bersuker Yuegang Zhao Jeff J. Peterson Joel Barnett George A. Brown Jang H. Sim Rino Choi Byoung Hun Lee Peter Zeitzoff 《Microelectronics Reliability》2005,45(5-6):806
Effects of constant voltage stress (CVS) on gate stacks consisting of an ALD HfO2 dielectric with various interfacial layers were studied with time dependent sensing measurements: DC I–V, pulse I–V, and charge pumping (CP) at different frequencies. The process of injected electron trapping/de-trapping on pre-existing defects in the bulk of the high-κ film was found to constitute the major contribution to the time dependence of the threshold voltage (Vt) shift during stress. The trap generation observed with the low frequency CP measurements is suggested to occur within the interfacial oxide layer or the interfacial layer/high-κ interface, with only a minor effect on Vt. 相似文献
2.
Neugroschel A. Bersuker G. 《Device and Materials Reliability, IEEE Transactions on》2005,5(1):109-112
We demonstrate an accurate measurement of the interface trap density and the stress-induced dielectric charge density in Si/high-/spl kappa/ gate dielectric stacks of metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs) using the direct-current current-voltage (DCIV) technique. The capture cross section and density of the interface traps in the high-/spl kappa/ gate stack were found to be similar to those of the Si/SiO/sub 2/ interface. A constant-voltage stress of the p-channel MOSFET in inversion is shown to result in a negative dielectric charging and an increase in the interface trap density. 相似文献
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Karl S. Minsker Vadim P. Zakharov Alexander Al. Berlin Gennadi E. Zaikov 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2004,94(2):613-624
Investigations on development of a macrokinetics approach were generalized to the analysis of fast chemical reactions, mainly using cationic polymerization of isobutylene as an example, which is a new class of liquid‐phase processes. The removal of diffusional constraints on polymer synthesis, by intensification of turbulent mixing in the reaction zone, makes it possible to calculate the kinetic parameters of polymerization and polymer‐analogous reactions, to optimize the molecular characteristics of polymeric products obtained, and to control the character of the process as a whole. The laws pertaining to the progression of fast processes are considered for the synthesis of separate polymers, in particular stereoregular polydienes, ethylene–propylene copolymers, and chlorobutyl rubber. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 94: 613–624, 2004 相似文献
5.
Kyong Taek LeeChang Yong Kang Hyun-Sik ChoiSeung-Ho Hong Gil-Bok ChoiJae Chul Kim Seung-Hyun SongRock-Hyun Baek Min-Sang ParkHyun Chul Sagong Byoung Hun LeeGennadi Bersuker Hsing-Huang TsengRaj Jammy Yoon-Ha Jeong 《Microelectronic Engineering》2011,88(12):3411-3414
Charge pumping and low frequency noise measurements for depth profiling have been studied systematically using a set of gate stacks with various combinations of IL and HfO2 thicknesses. The distribution of generated traps after HCI and PBTI stress was also investigated. The drain-current power spectral density made up all of the traps of IL in 0 < z < TIL and the traps of HfO2 in TIL < z < THK. The traps near the Si/SiO2 interface dominated the 1/f noise at higher frequencies, which is common in SiO2 dielectrics. For the HfO2/SiO2 gate stack, however, the magnitude of the 1/f noise did not significantly change after HCI and PBTI because of more traps in the bulk HfO2 film than at the bottom of the interface. 相似文献
6.
G. Lucovsky H. Seo L.B. Fleming M.D. Ulrich J. Lüning P. Lysaght G. Bersuker 《Microelectronics Reliability》2006,46(9-11):1623-1628
Gate dielectrics comprised of nanocrystalline HfO2 in gate stacks with thin SiO2/SiON interfacial transition regions display significant asymmetries with respect to trapping of Si substrate injected holes and electrons. Based on spectroscopic studies, and guided by ab initio theory, electron and hole traps in HfO2 and other transition metal elemental oxides are assigned to O-atom divacancies, clustered at internal grain boundaries. Three engineering solutions for defect reduction are identified: i) deposition of ultra-thin, <2 nm, HfO2 dielectric layers, in which grain boundary formation is suppressed by effectively eliminating inter-primitive unit cell π-bonding interactions, ii) chemically phase separated high HfO2 silicates in which inter-primitive unit cell p-bonding interactions are suppressed by the two nanocrystalline grain size limitations resulting from SiO2 inclusions, and iii) non-crystalline Zr/Hf Si oxynitrides without grain boundary defects. 相似文献
7.
The α-galactosidase MEL2–MEL10 genes have been genetically mapped to right and left telomere regions of the following chromosomes of Saccharomyces cerevisiae: MEL2 at VII L, MEL3 at XVI L, MEL4 at XI L, MEL5 at IV L, MEL6 at XIII R, MEL7 at VI R, MEL8 at XV R, MEL9 at X R and MEL10 at XII R. A set of tester strains with URA3 inserted into individual telomeres and no MEL genes was used for mapping. 相似文献
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R. Pagano S. Lombardo F. Palumbo P. Kirsch S.A. Krishnan C. Young R. Choi G. Bersuker J.H. Stathis 《Microelectronics Reliability》2008,48(11-12):1759-1764
Dielectric breakdown (BD) of nFETs with TiN metal gates and HfO2/interfacial layer with 1.09 nm EOT is studied. Occurrence of progressive BD at low current levels is demonstrated. A new measurement methodology for extraction of the PBD time and its dependence on gate voltage are reported. 相似文献
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A single-pulse technique, with a wide range of pulse times, has been applied to study positive bias temperature instability in high-k nMOSFETs. It is shown that the charging phenomenon includes both fast and slow electron trapping processes with rather well-defined characteristic times, which differ by six orders of magnitude. On the other hand, the poststress charge relaxation cannot be described by a simple detrapping process, which makes identifying the dominant detrapping mechanism complicated. 相似文献
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Matti Korhola Elena S. Naumova Edvard Partti Marja Aittamaa Hilkka Turakainen Gennadi I. Naumov 《Yeast (Chichester, England)》2019,36(9):571-587
The main aim of the work was to utilize heterozygosity of industrial yeast strains to construct new baker's yeast strains. Commercial baker's yeast strain ALKO 743, its more ethanol tolerant descendant ALKO 554 selected initially for growth over 300 generations in increasing ethanol concentrations in a glucose medium, and ALKO 3460 from an old domestic sour dough starter were used as starting strains. Isolated meiotic segregants of the strains were characterized genetically for sporulation ability and mating type, and the ploidy was determined physically. Heterozygosity of the segregant strains was estimated by a variety of molecular characterizations and fermentation and growth assays. The results showed wide heterozygosity and that the segregants were clustered into subgroups. This clustering was used for choosing distantly or closely related partners for strain construction crosses. Intrastrain hybrids made with segregants of ALKO 743 showed 16–24% hybrid vigour or heterosis. Interstrain hybrids with segregants of ALKO 743 and ALKO 3460 showed a wide variety of characteristics but also clear heterosis of 27–31% effects as assayed by lean and sugar dough raising. Distiller's yeast ALKO 554 turned out to be a diploid genetic segregant and not just a more ethanol tolerant mutant of the tetraploid parent strain ALKO 743. 相似文献