关于传像光纤元件过渡层的研究

本文从多组分玻璃光纤的传像元件的芯与包层之间过渡层形成过程-离子交换出发,推导了它的折射率剖面,近似于平方律;讨论了过渡层对传像光纤性能的影响。认为过渡层的深度主要取决于芯径、包层厚度、芯和包层所含的可交换的离子浓度差(即可交换的离子浓度对材料折射率的影响起着主导作用),扩散系数以及离子交换的时间。另外,当过渡层较小时,光纤的NA略有下降,串光会增加,但影响不大。再次,若要用芯和包层之间的离子交换的方法来制作梯度光纤,则必须保证包层厚度大于芯的半径、芯和包层的折射率足够大、扩散系数也要足够大。     

Channel Pre-emphasis Equalization for a 270 km 40×40 Gbit/s WDM System with Cascaded EDFAs/Raman Amplifiers

Optical channel pre-emphasis equalization is experimentally researched for a 270 km 40 × 40 Gbit/s wavelength division multiplexing （WDM） transmission system with three Erbium-doped fiber amplifiers （ED- FAs） and Raman amplifiers concatenated as booster amplifier. The channel imbalance of the overall system changes with different sets of power launched into EDFAs. By appropriately choosing the power input to concatenated EDFAs, the output spectrum of 40 channel signal can be equalized to the most extent. The merit of benefit can be around 5.5 dB by this pre-emphasis equalization. The requirement for the gain equalizer is therefore greatly released. Then the gain imbalance of the overall system and the power imbalance of 40 channels are compared and the two almost matches, but the significant difference lies on some channels. Finally, the pump power into Raman amplifier is also optimized, and another 1.3 dB improvement of channel equaliza- tion can be further achieved.     

石英音叉陀螺振动特性有限元仿真

石英音叉陀螺是一种新型的振动陀螺.在设计阶段必须对其性能进行分析仿真,以便为微型石英陀螺的设计提供依据,缩短开发周期.利用耦合场有限元对石英音叉陀螺的振动特性进行了仿真,确定了最佳激励信号频率和影响陀螺灵敏度的因素,并且给出了调节驱动模态与检测模态的频率差值的方法.     

世界谷物市场新特点及未来走势

<正>一、世界谷物产量波动较大据西班牙媒体报道,联合国粮农组织2013年6月13日发表粮食前景报告,2013年世界谷物产量将达到创纪录的24.6亿吨,比2012年增长6.5%,主要是小麦、玉米和水稻收成增加的结果。2013年全球谷物产量升至纪录高位,主要归因于美国小麦产量上升及玉米产量反弹。2013年世界谷物产量将高于前年的创纪录水平,为历史较高水平。USDA预测本年度世界谷物产量     

非线性偏振旋转锁模光纤激光器数值模型

利用二能级Giles模型来计算掺铒光纤增益,并通过琼斯矩阵描述偏振控制器,提出了一种基于非线性薛定谔方程的非线性偏振旋转锁模光纤激光器的数值模型。该模型具有物理意义更加清晰、便于分析泵浦功率对锁模影响的优点。采用1.0 m长的掺铒光纤、5.8 m长的单模光纤和85:15的输出耦合器,当泵浦功率为25 mW时数值计算得到均方根宽度为0.30 ps的超短脉冲。研究了泵浦功率对锁模脉冲波形和光谱的影响,并讨论了泵浦功率与掺铒光纤中增益分布的关系。通过实验得到了锁模脉冲,其光谱形状与仿真得到的结果相似。测量了不同泵浦功率下脉冲的平均功率,变化趋势也与理论值吻合。     

2012/2013年度全球大豆产量及价格走势

尽管预计2012/2013年全球大豆产量将创出历史新高,但由于全球大豆期末库存连续三年下降,陈季大豆可供出口数量明显减少,预计在2013年5月份南美大豆上市前,全球大豆供应将维持偏紧格局,价格仍将保持高位震荡;后期随着南美大豆收获上市和库存消费比的逐渐好转,价格有小幅回落的可能,但不会出现大幅走弱行情。     

Multiple-impairment monitoring for optical duobinary system based on delay-tap asynchronous sampling

A technique using artificial neural networks trained with parameters derived from delay tap plots for optical performance monitoring in 40 Gbit/s duobinary system is demonstrated. Firstly, the optical signal is delay tap sampled to obtain two-dimensional histogram, known as delay tap plots. Secondly, the features of delay tap plots are extracted to train the feed forward, three-layer preceptor structure artificial neural networks. Finally, the outputs of trained neural network are used to monitor optical duobinary signal impairments. Simulation of optical signal noise ratio (OSNR), chromatic dispersion (CD), and differential group delay (DGD) monitoring in 40 Gbit/s optical duobinary system is presented. The proposed monitoring scheme can accurately identify simultaneous impairments without requiring synchronous sampling or data clock recovery. The proposed technique is simple, cost-effective and suitable for in-service distributed OPM.     

套期保值—油脂企业规避风险的有效手段

本着重论述了油脂企业参与期货市场套期保值的重要性，必要性，是规避市场风险的有效手段，指出中国油脂企业应尽快利用套期保值，以适应经济全球化和贸易自由化的需要。     

Experimental investigation of nonlinear process based on cSHG/DFG in PPLN waveguide

Effects of second harmonic generation (SHG) and cascaded second harmonic generation/difference frequency generation(cSHG/DFG) based on the quasi-phase-matching (QPM) condition in periodically poled lithium niobate (PPLN) waveguide were investigated experimentally. SHG conversion efficiency of-13.6 dB and QPM bandwidth of 0.45 nm were achieved using a 16.1 dBm power of fundamental wave at 1550.4 nm. Using pulsed all-fiber passive mode locked laser and tunable continuous wave laser,cSHG/DFG effect utilized for optical sampling was observed. Conversion efficiencies were calculated, and 11.88 nm-wide QPM bandwidth was achieved through changing the wavelength of input signal. Conversion efficiency of cSHG/DFG effect increased linearly with the total injected power.     

集成LiNbO3声光可调谐滤波器及其在WDM光网络中的应用

针对基于LiNbO3的集成声光可调谐滤波器(IAOTF)具有调谐范围宽、滤波带宽窄、调谐速度快、驱动功率低以及同时可实现多波长选择等优点,它在波分复用(WDM)光网络光插分复用(OADM)系统中具有广泛的应用前景.介绍了IAOTF的基本原理及特性,国内外发展状况和研究重点以及它在WDM光网络中OADM应用.