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星载软件工作环境的特殊性要求其具有高可靠性和容错性.现有软件可靠性低于硬件可靠性,星载软件失效在系统失效中占有很大比例.分析星载软件特点,根据其开发流程,阐述在软件开发各阶段提高其可靠性和容错性的措施.实践结果证明,此类容错技术是必要且有效的.     

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针对国内外尚无对霾的遥感监测,霾在NASA的MODIS产品中作为薄云处理的情况,基于MODIS数据,采用.NET分布式架构,结合MatlabCOM, ArcEngine等组件,建立一个区域霾监测系统,论述系统的设计思想及改进的霾反演算法,对华北地区部分霾天进行监测,结果显示该系统能够准确地模拟大气污染状况。     

Use of sesame stalk biomass for the removal of Ni(II) and Zn(II) from aqueous solutions

In this study an agricultural residue, sesame stalk, was evaluated for the removal of Ni(II) and Zn(II) metal ions from aqueous solutions. Biosorption studies were carried out at different pH, biosorbent dosage, initial metal ion concentrations, contact time, and solution temperature to determine the optimum conditions. The experimental data were modeled by Langmuir, Freundlich, Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R) and Temkin isotherm models. Langmuir model resulted in the best fit of the biosorption data. The pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetic models were used to describe the kinetic data and to evaluate rate constants. The best correlation was provided by the second-order kinetic model. The thermodynamic parameters such as ΔG°, ΔH° and ΔS° were calculated for predicting the nature of adsorption. The experimental results showed that sesame stalk can be used as an effective and low-cost biosorbent precursor for the removal of heavy metal ions from aqueous solutions.     

Biodegradation of lipids from olive oil mill wastewaters in a stationary basket bioreactor with immobilized Bacillus spp. cells - influence of internal diffusion

The study is focused on the external and internal mass transfers of lipids during their biodegradation process in a bioreactor with stationary basket bed of immobilized Bacillus spp. cells. By means of the lipid mass balance for a single particle of biocatalyst, considering the kinetic model adapted for the immobilized bacterial cells, specific mathematical models have been developed to estimate their mass flows in the liquid boundary layer surrounding the particle and inside the particle. The values of mass flows are significantly influenced by the internal diffusion velocity of lipids and the rate of their consumption, but also by the position inside the basket bed. These influences accumulated led to the appearance of a biological inactive region near the particle centre, its magnitude varying from 1.3 to 49.4% of the overall volume of particles.     

高功率微波在抗击巡航导弹中的应用

巡航导弹已成为防空反导系统的严重威胁,新概念武器的应用势在必行。文章讨论了高功率微波对巡航导弹的损伤机理和打击途径,估算了对3000米范围内目标的打击效应,并提出高功率微波应用于近程反导的可行性。     

用于神经电信号记录的多通道微探针

:以体硅为衬底,采用微机械加工技术(MEMS)制作了七通道的可植入到脑皮层的微探针,用于记录神经电信号.从生物相容性、减小植入损伤、工艺制作难度等方面考虑,制作了以二氧化硅/硅(SiO2/Si)为主体的微探针,并详述了其具体制作工艺流程.扫描电镜(SEM)照片显示微探针针长3 mm、针宽100 μm、针厚约为20 μm,各个记录点直径10 μm、间距120μm,实现了各通道之间良好的信号隔离.微探针距离针尖1 mm范围内的针宽以一定弧度由100 μm逐渐变窄,同时针尖锥角为6°,此种结构有利于减小植入时对脑组织的损伤.通过体外测试得到,当频率由10 kHz增加到10 MHz时,微电极各个通道阻抗由150.5 kΩ降低到6.0 kΩ.     

多传感器检测系统的 多步反馈融合算法

通过分析分布式检测系统的工作原理，提出了一种新的局部检测器融合方法，该方法利用检测器局部判决结果与融合中心融合结果的误差多步累积平均值对检测器下一步判决进行修正，从而达到提高检测器检测概率的目的。分析表明，该算法能有效提高系统的性能。     

基于BSLA 最小二乘法的多功能传感器信号重构

最小二乘技术经常在利用若干测量数据评估被测变量的情况中使用，当使用这种方法来获得一个最佳线性逼近空间(BSLA)时，就会建立一个能够处理冗余度量数据的最佳解决方案，从而改善在三维空间环境中信号重构的效果(通常情况下，多功能传感器都是三元或三元以上的度量函数)。为此提出了一种应用最小二乘算法重构多功能传感器被测信号的方法验证其有效性，建立了仿真模拟电路，并给出了仿真结果和算法误差分析。     

基于立体成像几何特性的动态有限搜索匹配法

提出了一种基于立体成像几何特性的动态有限搜索匹配法。该法根据被测物体与摄像机标定参照物在空间上的相互关系及被测物体形态，确定被测物体特征点视差匹配大致范围。利用立体成像几何特性，采用动态有限搜索法，以求出的视差为参考，根据左(右)图像中特征点与所得匹配对应点的水平视差值，确定在右(左)图像中的搜索方向和搜索范围，采用灰度区域相关计算，确定下一个匹配特征点，并依此类推。由于特征点灰度不稳定，且随视点的不同而有很大差异，为能得到正确匹配，需结合几何相似性约束。通过对一已知三维坐标标准件的计算机仿真实验，证实了该方法的有效性。     

基于MEMS的药物释放系统

微机电系统(MEMS:Microelectro-Mechanic System)是一个集成化系统,该系统既有传感单元,又有中央处理控制单元及执行相应操作的单元,它涉及医药、生物、材料、电子、机械、集成电路工艺等多方面的内容．MEMS技术的产生和发展将带动众多交叉学科与高新