吸附性高分子材料概述

介绍了吸附性高分子材料的种类、特点及结构与吸附性能的关系，综述了高分子吸附剂在水处理、医药、机械加工等不同领域的研究进展情况．     

辛基胍浮选铝硅酸盐矿物的研究

以辛基硫酸胍SAG8为捕收剂,通过浮选实验、Zeta电位和红外光谱测定,研究了SAG8对铝硅酸盐矿物的浮选性能和作用机理.结果表明:在pH为4-12的范围内SAG8对高峰石、叶腊石和伊利石这三种铝硅酸盐都有较好的捕收能力.Zeta电位测得高峰石、伊利石和叶蜡石的等电点分别为3.5、3.0和2.3.矿物与SAG8作用后其表面正电荷密度增加的均不明显.其可能的原因是:胍是有机强碱.当胍分子一个NH2+与矿物表面Si-O-通过静电作用吸附于矿物表面后,由于胍基中还存在一个NH2官能团,它与矿浆中或者矿物表面的OH-发生氢键作用,矿浆表面OH-浓度增加,从而使矿物表面正电荷密度增加不明显矿粒表面荷负电.结合浮选实验、Zeta电位和红外光谱可以推断出矿物与SAG8的作用机理:SAG8阳离子中同时存在阳离子型和分子型两种NH2官能团,使得SAG8阳离子以静电力和氢键两种方式吸附铝硅酸盐矿物表面.其中在酸性介质中,SAG8主要通过静电力方式吸附在铝硅酸盐矿粒表面,而在碱性条件下以静电力和氢键两种方式作用.     

Flotation of aluminosilicate minerals using alkylguanidine collectors

The flotation mechanism of aluminosilicate minerals using alkylguanidine collectors was studied through flotation experiments, Zeta potential measurements and FT-IR spectrum analysis. It is shown that kaolinite, illite and pyrophyllite all exhibit good floatability with alkylguanidines as collectors at pH 4-12. The flotation recoveries rise with the increase of the carbon chain length. Isoelectric point(IEP) is determined to be 3.5, 3.0 and 2.3 for kaolinite, illite and pyrophyllite, respectively. However, it is anomalous that the presence of cationic collectors has less influence on the negatively charged mineral surfaces. It is explained by the special structure of guanidine which is one of the strongest bases, having two -NH2 groups. One of them maybe interacts with minerals by electrostatic forces, and the other maybe forms hydrogen bonding with OH- ions on the aluminosilicate surfaces or in the aqueous solution, increasing the density of negative charge on the aluminosilicate surface and leading unpronounced positive charge to increase on the aluminosilicate. By combining the flotation tests, Zeta potential and FTIR measurements above, the interaction mechanism can be concluded. The simultaneous presence of cationic and neutral amine groups makes it possible for SAG cation to bind on three aluminosilicate minerals by both electrostatic attraction and hydrogen bonding. While in acidic medium, the interaction of the alkylguanidines on the aluminosilicate surfaces is mainly by means of electrostatic force and hydrogen bond; in the alkaline medium, it is by the way of electrostatic effect and hydrogen bond.     

十二烷基胍对铝硅矿物的浮选分离

采用含有胍基的长碳链季铵盐作捕收剂,研究-水硬铝石、高岭石、叶腊石和伊利石单矿物的浮选行为、铝硅人工混合矿样的浮选分离以及河南铝土矿的精选.结果表明:在捕收剂用量为2×10-4mol/L条件下,在广泛的pH范围内,十二烷基胍对硅酸盐矿物具有较好的捕收能力,平均浮选回收率可达80%;强碱性条件下,一水硬铝石的浮选回收率从80%急剧下降至20%,与高岭石、叶腊石和伊利石之间形成较大差异:以十二烷基胍为捕收剂可望实现铝硅矿物反浮选分离:实际铝土矿(原矿铝硅比为5.70)经过反浮选脱硅,精矿铝硅比达11.08,铝浮选回收率为75%;与传统的阳离子捕收剂十二胺相比,胍类阳离子捕收剂对硅酸盐矿物浮选能力强、受pH的影响小,是一种新型高效的铝硅矿物浮选分离捕收剂.     

我国核电工业及铀资源供应对策

分析了核能发电在发电成本、环境保护、安全方面的优势,介绍了全球核电工业现状、我国核电工业取得的成就及中长期发展规划.在进一步对世界铀资源的基本情况及我国铀资源的特点进行阐述的基础上,提出了保障我国核电工业发展的铀资源供应对策.     

万宝缅铜阴极铜产品质量管理

产品质量是企业的生命,是企业发展的基本保障。为了更好地对阴极铜产品质量进行管理,提高产品质量,莱比塘铜矿项目针对投产以来出现的产品质量问题,采取了应对措施,达到了一定的效果,阴极铜产品符合LME A级铜(Cu-CATH-1)标准。     

胍基化合物的制备方法及其应用

胍基化合物因其强碱性、高稳定性、较好的生物活性等优良特性,广泛应用于医药、化工等行业。详细综述了胍基化合物的应用及制备方法,同时对各种制备方法进行了评价,并展望了胍基化合物的发展趋向。     

津巴布韦大岩墙铂族金属资源开发现状

介绍了津巴布韦大岩墙上铂族金属资源的特点、分布及开发情况,对津巴布韦在产铂金矿山的资源、矿石开采及选冶加工工艺、产能规模等基本情况进行总结,指出采矿是大规模开发津巴布韦大岩墙铂族金属资源的关键.     

吸附性高分子材料概述

介绍了吸附性高分子材料的种类、特点及结构与吸附性能的关系,综述了高分子吸附剂在水处理、医药、机械加工等不同领域的研究进展情况.     

Effect of quaternary ammonium salts on flotation behavior of aluminosilicate minerals

The electrokinetic properties and flotation of diaspore,kaolinite,pyrophyllite and illite with quaternary ammonium salts collectors were studied.The results of flotation tests show that the collecting ability of quaternary ammonium salts for the four minerals is in the order(from strong to weak)of octadecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride(ODBA),cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide(CTAB),dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride(DTAC).Under the condition of alkalescence,it is possible to separate the diaspore from the silicate minerals such as kaolinite,illite and pyrophyllite using quaternary ammonium salts as collector.Isoelectric points(IEP)of diaspore,kaolinite,pyrophyllite and illite are pH=6.0,3.4,2.3 and 3.2,respectively.Quaternary ammonium salts can change ζ-potential of the aluminosilicate minerals obviously.The flotation mechanisms were explained by ζ-potential and Fourier transform infrared spectrum(FT-IR)measurements.The results demonstrate that only electrostatic interaction takes place between aluminosilicate