改性大豆皮吸附剂对Pb2+的生物吸附性能研究

Using soybean hull residue after the soluble dietary fiber being removed during the soybean processing industry as crude material,a novel absorbent,modified soybean hulls,is prepared.Its adsorption behavior for Pb2+ is studied.The adsorbent has a large and efficient adsorption capacity for Pb2+,up to 20% of the mass of dry ad-sorbent.Its maximum adsorption capacity for Pb2+ reaches 217 mg·g-1 at initial Pb2+ concentration of 2000 mg·L-1,which is twice that of yeast absorbent and threefold greater than that of chitosan absorbent.The adsorption ability is sensitive to pH value in the solution and the optimal pH for adsorption of Pb2+ is 7.0.In the presence of other metal ions (Ca2+,Mg2+ and Na+) in the solution,their effect on the adsorption capacity for Pb2+ is not obvious.After 5 cy-cles of adsorption,80% adsorption capacity of Pb2+ is maintained.Compared with various available commercial resins,the modified soybean hulls are a plentiful,inexpensive and effective medium for the capture of dissolved Pb2+ from waste streams.     

改性大豆皮吸附剂对Pb2+的生物吸附性能研究

Using soybean hull residue after the soluble dietary fiber being removed during the soybean processing industry as crude material, a novel absorbent modified soybean hulls is prepared. Its adsorption behavior for Pb2+ is studied. The adsorbent has a large and efficient adsorpuon capacity for Pb-, uv to 20% of the mass of dry adsorbent. Its maximum adsorption capacity for Pb2+ reaches 217 mg.g-1 at initial Pb2+ concentration of 2000 mg.L-1,which is twice that of yeast absorbent and threefold greater than that of chitosan absorbent. The adsorption ability is sensitive to pH value in the solution and the optimal pH for adsorption of Pb2+is 7.0. In the presence of other metal ions (Ca2+, Mg2+and Na+) in the solution, their effect on the adsorption capacity for Pb2+is not obvious. After 5 cycles of adsorption, 80% adsorption capacity of Pb2+ is maintained. Compared with various available commercial resins, the modified soybean hulls are a plentiful, inexpensive and effective medium for the capture of dissolved Pb2+ from waste streams.     

响应面法优化黑曲霉产葡萄糖氧化酶条件

运用响应面法对黑曲霉(Aspergillus niger)产葡萄糖氧化酶以及发酵条件进行了优化.根据单因素实验结果,利用Plackett-Burman设计对影响其产酶相关因素进行评估并筛选出具有显著效应的3个因素:葡萄糖,玉米浆和碳酸钙.用最陡爬坡试验逼近以上3个因子的最大响应区域后,采用Box-Behnken设计以及响应面分析法,确定其优化后发酵条件为(g/L):葡萄糖172.11、玉米浆11.05、碳酸钙52.29、牛肉蛋白胨3.5、(NH4)H2PO4O05、KCl0.15、MgSO4·7H2O 0.125、FeSO4·7H2O 0.125,220r/min,30℃培养48h.优化后的葡萄糖氧化酶酶活达786.3 U/g,比在种子培养基中酶活350.5 U/g提高了2倍左右.     

绿色化学与化工的原理及应用:III.生物技术在化学品生产中的应用

通过实例说明了国内外生物化工技术在化学品及新型功能材料等领域的应用 ,阐明了生物化工技术对促进化学工业技术进步和产业结构调整及对促进绿色化学工业发展的作用     

利用寡聚环糊精配基键合介质分离表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯的新方法

研究了利用寡聚环糊精配基键合的高效凝胶介质分离纯化茶多酚中的表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯的新方法。考察了不同种类的流动相对分离效果的影响。最终确定采用水／乙醇／乙腈为57／30／13（体积比）进行等梯度洗脱,一次色谱分离的收率和纯度分别为73％、98％,介质经过0．5mol／L的NaOH-水-30％乙酸简单再生后即可重复利用。     

生物丁醇分离技术的研究进展及发展趋势

生物基（正）丁醇是一种重要的化学品和替代燃料,其主要制备途径为糖质底物的丙酮-丁醇-乙醇（ABE）发酵。受制于发酵副产物多、溶剂浓度低、产物共沸等因素,传统的生物丁醇分离过程存在分离能耗大、成本高等问题,制约其产业化制备。为解决生物丁醇分离的技术瓶颈,近年来,应用新型分离技术实现与ABE发酵过程的耦合成为研究的热点。本文综述了生物丁醇分离技术的最新研究进展,讨论了基于汽液平衡、相转移、膜分离技术等新型分离方式的技术特点;并针对多级分离级联系统开发、面向终产物的精馏技术的新趋势、新特点进行剖析和讨论。随着分离技术的发展和进步、生物炼制工艺开发和集成,生物丁醇的制备成本可望进一步降低,提升市场竞争力。     

蔗糖与葡萄糖作辅助碳源对重组Klebsiella pneumoniae发酵生产 1,3-丙二醇的影响

实验研究了重组Klebsiella pneumoniae批式发酵生产1,3-丙二醇过程中辅助碳源蔗糖与葡萄糖对发酵过程的影响,对发酵工艺进行了放大,并对流加策略进行了优化. 结果表明,葡萄糖为发酵生产1,3-丙二醇的辅助碳源优于蔗糖;以重组Klebsiella pneumoniae为菌种,以葡萄糖为辅助碳源,采用指数流加策略,30 L发酵罐中1,3-丙二醇的产量最高达85.2 g/L,产率达0.63 mol/mol,比单纯以甘油为碳源分别提高37.35%和25.00%.     

铵盐对螺旋藻生长的影响

研究了不同浓度的硫酸铵[(NH4)2SO4]和乙酸铵(CH3COONH4)对螺旋藻生长的影响. 实验结果表明,从实验设计的浓度梯度来看,螺旋藻能耐受的硫酸铵和乙酸铵浓度分别为0.5和0.6 g/L,相应的铵氮含量分别为212和109 mg/L. 培养结束时硫酸铵和乙酸铵的去除率分别为85.38%和99.7%. 添加的乙酸铵几乎全部被螺旋藻利用,并且蛋白质含量明显提高.     

用盐析与疏水层析相偶合快速分离提纯猪胰激肽释放酶

将疏水层析技术用于从猪胰脏中分离纯化激肽释放酶,建立了一种简便、快速的分离提纯方法：将粗品溶解后经过硫酸铵沉淀处理,然后经过Butyl Sepharose FF疏水层析后得到目标蛋白,分析其纯度大于500U／mg,盐析和疏水两步纯化的收率大于85．0％,同时比较了Phenyl Sepharose FF,Octyl Sepharose FF和Butyl Sepharose FF三种疏水介质分离纯化胰K的效果,本实验工艺与传统工艺相比,具有操作简单、快速、回收率和纯化倍数高等优点,有望成为一种从动物组织中快速分离纯化药用蛋白质的有效技术平台。     

分子模拟在分子印迹技术中的应用

分子模拟是近年来发展起来的一门新兴的计算化学技术.它在辅助物质设计和分子结构理解方面取得的显著成绩使得它在其他领域中有着越来越广泛的应用.综述了分子模拟在分子印迹技术中的应用.