大功率高频感应脉冲加热特性研究

大功率高频感应脉冲淬火是一项新兴的高能量密度、高效益的热处理技术。本文采用微机控制、检测的大功率高频感应脉冲发生器和光导纤维快速测温系统,对于该技术的加热特性进行了较系统地研究,并从电磁场方程出发,在理论上进行了较深入的讨论。作者还借助计算机数据处理求得了与功率密度有关的热透深度与加热时间之间的回归方程。     

Cu-Al-Mn-Zn-Zr记忆合金的显微组织与力学行为

利用金相显微镜、透射电镜、扫描电镜观察和力学性能测试等手段研究了Cu—18．4A1—8．7Mn—3．4Zn—0．1Zr(摩尔分数，％)记亿合金(多晶)在不同温度与组织下变形时的力学行为。实验合金在不同温度下变形时延伸率不同，变形温度(Td)在Ms与Af之间时的延伸率小于变形温度(Td)高于Af时的延伸率。对实验合金施加应力时，最初的变形主要来自应力诱发马氏体，继而发生马氏体变体择优合并，二者对合金的变形都有贡献；变形量更大时，变体界面共格性被破坏，部分马氏体丧失热弹性。少量α相的析出不影响记忆效应，可使延伸率得以提高。     

空冷淬火Cu-Zn-Al合金马氏体结构及稳定化现象

利用Ｘ射线衍射强度分析、透射电镜观察、相变点测量等方法研究了空冷淬火态Ｃｕ１８Ｚｎ１４Ａｌ合金马氏体结构及其稳定化现象。认为该合金空冷淬火可获得长程有序完全的Ｍ１８Ｒ马氏体，其有序组态为Ａｌ原子与Ｃｕ原子、Ｚｎ原子与Ｃｕ原子两种近邻（ｎｎ）有序（Ｋ＝偶，Ｈ＋Ｋ／２＝奇），以及产生Ｋ＝奇的衍射中Ａｌ原子与Ｚｎ原子次近邻（ｎｎｎ）有序。其基面原子分布为：Ⅰ—１４２５Ａｌ＋１１２５Ｃｕ、Ⅱ—Ｃｕ、Ⅲ—１８２５Ｚｎ＋７２５Ｃｕ。与此相对应，该合金相应为Ｈｅｕｓｌｅｒ结构。该合金在充分有序化的条件下仍存在马氏体稳定化。     

Twice reverse shape memory effect in CuZnAl shape memory alloy

The variations of the shape memory effects in the Cu-13Zn-15Al(mole fraction, %) alloy upon successive heating (the rate of heating is 5℃/min) have been studied by means of ρ-T curve , shape memory effect measurement, optical metallographical observation and X-ray diffraction. The first abnormal reverse shape memory effect occurs when the tested alloy is heated to the temperature below 320℃ ; when it is heated to the temperature between 320℃ and 450℃, the forward shape memory effect occurs; in the two stages, the shape of the sample remains the same as that in the furnace when it is taken out from the furnace and air-cooled; when the tested alloy is heated to the temperature above 450℃, the shape of the sample remains unchanged during heating, but the second reverse shape memory effect occurs after it is air-quenched.     

值得重视的高能量密度感应加热技术

介绍高能量密度感应加热技术的特点,强调指出在硬化层深为0.01～1.02mm的范围内,该技术可使工件获得高硬度、高耐磨性和高疲劳强度,特别是可实现微变形淬火。其技术简便、成本低廉,是一项高效益的热处理新兴技术。     

A free-cutting and ductile CuAlMnZnTiB shape memory alloy

The mechanical properties and cutting performance of the designed Cu Al Mn Zn Ti B shape memory alloy were studied by tensile test and microstructure observation. Using X-ray diffractometry, differential scanning calorimetry(DSC) and semi-quantitative shape memory effect test, the microstructure and shape memory effect were analyzed. It is found that lots of βphase and few α phase are formed in the quenching of Cu-7.5Al-9.7Mn-3.4Zn-0.3Ti-0.14B(mass fraction, %) alloy, a great deal of martensite and few α phase are formed in the aging alloy, while the annealing alloy is composed of a great deal of α phase and few βphase. The tensile strength and elongation of the annealed alloy are 649 MPa and 17.1%, respectively. Some tiny and dispersion distributed second phase particles are generated in Ti and B precipitates, greatly improving the alloy machinability.     

Cu-0.8Cr-0.2Zr合金固溶时效后的组织与性能研究

通过检测Cu-Cr-Zr合金在固溶时效过程中硬度、电导率的变化及显微组织的观察,研究不同热处理条件对该合金组织和性能的影响。试验结果表明：固溶时效后在合金基体中能得到大量的孪晶组织及细小的析出粒子,在两者综合作用下,合金的组织和性能得到极大的改善。合金在980℃固溶、450℃时效3 h后性能最佳。合金的硬度为111.5 HBS,相对电导率为78.42%IACS。     

爆炸复合Cu-Al-Ni-Mn-Ti 与Qbe2 合金减振弹性复合板材料

利用Cu-Al-Ni-Mn-Ti 与QBe₂ 合金爆炸复合研制出一种新型的减振弹性复合板材料, 用多功能内耗仪测试了该复合板材料的阻尼性能。结果表明: 其内耗值比QBe₂ 增加了近一个数量级, 而且具有明显的振幅效应。复合板材料的电阻率介于Cu-Al-Ni-Mn-Ti 与QBe₂ 合金之间, 复合界面对电阻率的影响较小。爆炸复合的界面多呈波浪型, 在界面附近有融化区, 780 ℃等温处理, 界面随保温时间延长而展宽。      

新型无镍白色铜合金的热加工图及其热变形机制(英文)

采用Gleeble-1500热模拟实验机在温度为600~800°C、应变速率为0.01~10 s-1的热变形条件下对新型无镍白色Cu-12Mn-15Zn-1.5Al-0.3Ti-0.14B-0.1Ce(质量分数,%)合金进行热压缩模拟实验;根据该合金热变形行为及热加工特征,建立该合金热变形的本构方程和热加工图。该合金热变形过程中变形激活能为203.005 k J/mol。当真应变为0.7时,合金热加工图中存在一个失稳区,此区域的变形温度为600~700°C,应变速率为0.32~10 s-1。在较适宜的热变形条件(800°C、10 s-1)下获得的合金具有良好的表面质量和内部组织。同时,该无镍合金具有与传统镍白铜Cu-15Ni-24Zn-1.5Pb合金相近似的白色色度和肉眼不易察觉的色差(小于1.5)。