时效处理对 TiNi 合金相变与性能的影响

通过用ＴＥＭ等方法研究热处理制度（固溶处理、时效处理）对ＴｉＮｉ合金相变组织和性能的影响，找出了最佳热处理制度。结果表明，在４５０～５００℃进行时效处理，Ｔｉ－５０．８ａｔ％Ｎｉ的合金出现了大量的Ｔｉ３Ｎｉ４相，且恢复率最高。     

在高速气流粉碎作用下PVC的力化学降解及形态变化的研究

通过ＧＰＴ、ＦＴ－ＩＲ、ＳＥＭ和力学性能测试，研究了在高速气流作用下聚氯乙烯（ＰＶＣ）的力化学降解反应、颗粒形态和微晶结构变化及其对ＰＶＣ物理、力学性能的影响。实验结果表明，经过高速气流处理ＰＶＣ，分子量将有所降低，晶体结构发生变化，颗粒尺寸和表观密度降低，比表面积增大，加工性能和力学性能得到明显改善。     

车身产品设计中的多层次尺寸链构建

尺寸偏差是影响汽车车身装配性能的一个主要因素,为了控制尺寸偏差,必须构建尺寸链模型以分析尺寸之间的相互复杂关系.以汽车车身设计为研究对象,分析了汽车车身装配的多层次、多等级特性;应用车身设计中的基准点系统和功能尺寸系统建立一种多级尺寸链模型,包括整车级、总成级、分总成级和零件级尺寸链.实例结构表明,所建立的多级装配尺寸链模型能使车身装配中的尺寸关系层次清晰化,并能对尺寸关系进行优化,使极为烦琐复杂的车身尺寸分析、偏差设计能有条不紊地逐步进行,为车身设计与制造改善找到了一条切实可行的路径.     

固体超强酸合成乙酸丁酯

本文讨论了固体超强酸催化剂合成乙酸丁酯的方法，比较了各类固体超强酸的优劣，为工业化生产乙酸丁醋筛选超强酸催化剂提供极具价值的参考依据。     

乙烯-辛烯共聚物/再生丁基橡胶热塑性弹性体的制备及其性能

采用动态硫化法制备了乙烯-辛烯共聚物(POE)/再生丁基橡胶(RIIR)热塑性弹性体(TPE),考察了共混比、硫黄、软化剂白油和炭黑N330对TPE力学性能的影响,研究了TPE的动态力学性能和流变性能。结果表明,当POE/RIIR(质量比)为2/1、硫黄为0.5份、软化剂白油为20份、炭黑为30份时,TPE的综合力学性能较佳;POE和RIIR具有较好的相容性;当体系中加入白油时,TPE的动态复数黏度(η*)降低,炭黑的加入使TPE的η*迅速增大。     

基于等幅周期荷载下软岩Bingham本构模型的研究

为建立一种描述等幅周期荷载下软岩应变特性的本构模型,将Bingham模型中的常值黏壶元件替换成与循环次数相关的变系数黏壶元件,常值弹性元件替换为随周期荷载循环次数的增大而衰减的非定值弹性元件,即可得到反映周期荷载下软岩各种应变规律的Bingham本构模型。当循环荷载应力上限值σmax大于岩石的临界强度σs时,模型为可反映软岩3个应变阶段的改进4参数Bingam模型;反之则为反映软岩前两个应变阶段的非常值2参数Hook模型。将周期荷载分解为一个定值荷载和一个平均应力值为零的周期荷载,基于流变力学理论给出了定值荷载作用下基于该模型的本构方程式,再根据黏弹性力学理论,给出了平均应力值为零的周期荷载下基于该模型的本构方程式,最后将已获得的本构方程式叠加即得到周期荷载下软岩本构方程式。结果表明:所建立的本构方程式可较好描述周期荷载下不同软岩各类应变特征,对各类软岩的应变曲线拟合的相关系数均在0.868以上,且同一种岩石模型中弹性元件系数初始值随周期荷载的动应力幅值的增大而减小,岩石加速应变速率参数随动应力幅值的增大而增大。     

Effects of ultrasonic oscillation on processing behaviors of PS,EPDM, and PS/EPDM blend

In this study, the extrusion processing behaviors of polystyrene (PS), ethylene–propylene–diene terpolymer (EPDM), and their blend (PS/EPDM, 80/20) were studied by using a special ultrasonic oscillation extrusion system developed in our laboratory. The die pressure and volume flow rate were measured at different ultrasonic intensities and screw rotation speeds. The dependences on ultrasonic intensity of die pressure, volume flow rate, and apparent viscosity of polymers, as well as die swell at the same screw rotation speed were investigated. The effects of screw rotation speed on the processing behaviors of polymers and their blend at the same ultrasonic intensity were also studied. The experimental results showed that in the presence of ultrasonic irradiation, the processibilities of polymers and their blend were improved. Their possible mechanism is discussed in this article. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 100: 1856–1863, 2006     

Ultrasonic oscillations effect on rheological and processing properties of metallocene‐catalyzed linear low density polyethylene

The effects of ultrasonic oscillations and die materials on die pressure, productivity of extrusion, melt viscosity of metallocene‐catalyzed linear low density polyethylene (mLLDPE), as well as their mechanism were studied in a special ultrasonic oscillations extrusion system developed in our lab. Die materials used in our experiment included steel, brass, and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)_. The experimental results showed that ultrasonic oscillations as well as die materials have great influence on the rheological and processing behavior of mLLDPE. Ultrasonic oscillations can greatly increase the productivity of mLLDPE melt extruded through different dies, and can decrease the die pressure and the melt viscosity of mLLDPE. Compared with steel or brass die, mLLDPE melt extruded through PTFE die is more sensitive to ultrasonic oscillations. A possible mechanism for the improved processability of mLLDPE is proposed in this article. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 90: 1873–1878, 2003     

A modified model predictions and experimental results of weld-line strength in injection molded PS/PMMA blends

In this paper, the model based on melt diffusion and Flory-Huggins free energy theory for predicting the weld-line strength of injection molded amorphous polymers and polymer blends parts were modified by considering the diffusion thickness in the interface as a function of contact time. The modified model for weld-line strength prediction of homopolymers and polymer blends were, respectively, used to evaluate the weld-line strength of Polystyrene (PS) and Poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA), and that of PS/PMMA blends. The model predictions show that the theoretic predictions as a function of temperature and contact time for PS, PMMA and PS/PMMA (80/20, 70/30) are in good agreements with corresponding experimental results. However, the model predictions for PS/PMMA (20/80, 30/70) blends are much higher than experimental results. The morphology in weld-line regions for PS/PMMA (20/80, 30/70) shows lack of dispersed PS phase. Near the weld-line regions, dispersed PS phase is highly oriented along the weld-line. In theoretic prediction for polymer blends, three kinds of diffusion: Polymer A-Polymer A and Polymer B-Polymer B self-diffusions and Polymer A-Polymer B mutual diffusion were considered. This is why model predictions for PS/PMMA (20/80, 30/70) blends are higher than experimental results.     

多孔材料在催化CO2与环氧化物环加成反应中的研究进展

以CO2为原料与环氧化物合成环状碳酸酯是实现CO2资源利用最为有效的途径之一，也是缓解温室效应的有效方式之一。在该反应中催化剂的选择至关重要，多孔材料由于具有相对密度低、强度高、比表面积大、稳定性好、合成方法多样等优点而被广泛应用于催化CO2环加成。重点综述了近年来无机多孔材料、多孔有机聚合物材料、金属有机骨架材料在催化CO2与环氧化物合成环状碳酸酯中的研究进展，介绍了各催化剂的优缺点并对未来多孔材料的发展进行了展望。