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排序方式: 共有186条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Lauren Folk Kiara Gonzales John Gales Michael Kinsey Elisabetta Carattin Tim Young 《火与材料》2020,44(4):585-606
Practitioners are continuing to develop egress modelling software for the design of the built environment. These models require data about human behaviour and factors for calibration, validation and verification. This study aims to address the specific data and knowledge gap: emergency egress of the elderly. Such data are difficult to collect given privacy and consent concerns, with strong relationships generally being required between residences and researchers. Through the observation of nine fire drills at six Canadian long-term care (LTC) and retirement homes, specific evacuation actions and behaviour were observed for 37 staff members and information about the evacuation of 56 residents was collected. These drills demonstrated that emergency egress in LTC and retirement homes is highly staff dependent with 72% of residents recorded requiring full assistance at all stages of movement in evacuation, and that the type of announced/unannounced drill and level of resident care will affect the type of data collected. The development of travel speed and pre-movement is discussed subject to limitation with qualitative behavioural insights of residents that were observed. This study provides valuable methodological discussion on how to conduct behavioural studies in similar highly restricted research environments. Specific attention is given to understanding the considerations that must be made when using fire drills as data sources, and the impact that these can have on using such data for modelling. This study may inform the initial setup and programming of evacuation models from an actions and behavioural perspectives of staff members and residents. 相似文献
2.
Yi Wang Xuefei He Kiara F. Bruggeman Bishakhdatta Gayen Antonio Tricoli Woei Ming Lee Richard J. Williams David R. Nisbet 《Advanced functional materials》2020,30(9)
Cell transplantation is one of the most promising strategies for the minimally invasive treatment of a raft of injuries and diseases. However, a standing challenge to its efficacy is poor cell survival due to a lack of mechanical protection during administration and an unsupportive milieu thereafter. In response, a shear‐injectable nanoscaffold vector is engineered considering the three equal requirements of protection, support, and survival. Here, the programmed peptide assembly of tissue‐specific epitopes presents a safe sanctuary microenvironment for the transplantation of cells. For the first time, a mechanistic understanding of the multifactorial role of the nanoscaffold in promoting cell survival is presented, where initial cell survival is dependent on the fluid mechanic process of droplet formation rather than on shear rate. However, provided is the first report of the most critical component of a transplantation vector, distinguishing feigned biological support from mechanical properties from true ongoing biological support post transplantation. This is achieved via the presentation of amino acid constituents that significantly improve the efficacy of the vector compared to a biocompatible, yet inert analogue. Together, the peptide‐programmed hydrogels enable fundamental rules for the engineering of advanced treatment strategies with wide reaching implications for tissue repair and biofabrication. 相似文献
3.
Mielke HW Gonzales CR Smith MK Mielke PW 《The Science of the total environment》2000,246(2-3):249-259
The topic of this study is the effect of anthropogenic metals on the geochemical quality of urban soils. This is accomplished by comparing the metal contents and associations between two alluvial soils of the lower Mississippi River Delta, freshly deposited alluvial parent materials and alluvial soils collected from a nearby urban environment. Fresh alluvium samples (n = 97) were collected from the Bonnet Carré Spillway. The urban alluvial soil samples (n = 4026) were collected from New Orleans and stratified by census tracts (n = 286). The Spillway samples tend to have less Pb and Zn than generally noted for the baseline of natural soils. Except for Mn and V, Spillway alluvium contains significantly less metal than urban soils. For Spillway samples, the median metal content (in microg g(-1)) is 4.7 Pb, 11.1 Zn, 0.7 Cd, 164 Mn, 0.8 Cr, 3.9 Ni, 3.2 V, and 3.9 Cu. For urban soils, the median metal content (in microg g(-1)) is 120 Pb, 130 Zn, 3.2 Cd, 138 Mn, 2.1 Cr, 9.8 Ni, 3.8 V, and 12.7 Cu. Metal associations also differ between Spillway alluvium and urban alluvial soils. Fresh alluvium correlation coefficients between individual metals vary from 0.87 to 0.99 (P < 10(-13)) except for Cr which ranges from 0.57 to 0.68 (P < 10(-7)). The urban soil correlation coefficients for metals and the index value are 0.40-0.98. In urban soils, Pb, Zn, Cr, and Cu are dominant metals and highly associated, with a correlation coefficient ranging from 0.83 to 0.98 (P < 10(-25)). Their strong association justifies the use of GIS to map the integrated soil metal index (sum of the medians of metals by census tract) of New Orleans. Although also positively correlated (0.40-0.68, P < 10(-10)), Cd, Mn, Ni and V differ in their distribution in the city compared to Pb, Zn, Cr and Cu. Overall, significantly higher metal values occur in the inner city and lower values occur in outlying areas. The human health impact of the mixture of metals is not well understood. This study provides empirical data about the mixture and distribution of metals in New Orleans alluvial soils. Given common technical development, especially of traffic flows in cities, similar patterns of soil metals are expected for all US cities and probably international cities as well. Primary prevention of urban metal accumulations is necessary to enhance and sustain the development of urban culture. 相似文献
4.
5.
Didier Chauvin Torsten Koppe Antonio Cardella Bernd Missal Dirk Pilopp Giovanni Di Bartolo Rocio Camín Ivan Gonzales Luca Giordano Stefano Langone 《Fusion Engineering and Design》2011,86(6-8):640-644
In February 2000, the project called coil support structure for the Wendelstein 7-X fusion machine was started. Since October 2009 the full production of this big (80 tons) and complex component is now completed and delivered at IPP Greifswald. The W7-X coil system consists of 20 planar and 50 non-planar coils. They are supported by a pentagonal 10 m diameter, 2.5 m high called coil support structure (CSS). The CSS is divided into five modules and each module consists of two equal half modules around the radial axis. Currently, the five modules were successfully assembled with the coils meeting the tight manufacturing tolerances. Designing, structural calculation, raw material procurement, welding & soldering technologies, milling, drilling, accurate machining, helium cooling pipe forming, laser metrology, ultra sonic cleaning and vacuum test are some of the key points used all along this successful manufacturing process. The lessons learned in the large scale production of this difficult kind of support structure will be presented as relevant experience for the realization of similar systems for future fusion devices, such as ITER. 相似文献
6.
Synthetic and Biological Studies of Sesquiterpene Polygodial: Activity of 9‐Epipolygodial against Drug‐Resistant Cancer Cells 下载免费PDF全文
Dr. Ramesh Dasari Annelise De Carvalho Derek C. Medellin Kelsey N. Middleton Dr. Frédéric Hague Marie N. M. Volmar Prof. Liliya V. Frolova Dr. Mateus F. Rossato Jorge J. De La Chapa Nicholas F. Dybdal‐Hargreaves Akshita Pillai Prof. Véronique Mathieu Prof. Snezna Rogelj Prof. Cara B. Gonzales Prof. João B. Calixto Prof. Antonio Evidente Dr. Mathieu Gautier Dr. Gnanasekar Munirathinam Prof. Rainer Glass Prof. Patricia Burth Dr. Stephen C. Pelly Prof. Willem A. L. van Otterlo Prof. Robert Kiss Prof. Alexander Kornienko 《ChemMedChem》2015,10(12):2014-2026
Polygodial, a terpenoid dialdehyde isolated from Polygonum hydropiper L., is a known agonist of the transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1). In this investigation a series of polygodial analogues were prepared and investigated for TRPV1‐agonist and anticancer activities. These experiments led to the identification of 9‐epipolygodial, which has antiproliferative potency significantly exceeding that of polygodial. 9‐Epipolygodial was found to maintain potency against apoptosis‐resistant cancer cells as well as those displaying the multidrug‐resistant (MDR) phenotype. In addition, the chemical feasibility for the previously proposed mechanism of action of polygodial, involving the formation of a Paal–Knorr pyrrole with a lysine residue on the target protein, was demonstrated by the synthesis of a stable polygodial pyrrole derivative. These studies reveal rich chemical and biological properties associated with polygodial and its direct derivatives. These compounds should inspire further work in this area aimed at the development of new pharmacological agents, or the exploration of novel mechanisms of covalent modification of biological molecules with natural products. 相似文献
7.
Timpano Kiara R.; Schmidt Norman B.; Wheaton Michael G.; Wendland Jens R.; Murphy Dennis L. 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》2011,120(3):700
The gene coding for the brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has emerged as an interesting candidate for multiple brain and brain disorder-related phenomena. The primary aim of the present investigation was to consider the relationship between the BDNF Val66Met variant and two phenotypes: compulsive hoarding as a symptom dimension of obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD), and body mass index (BMI). We examined the BDNF gene in a large (N = 301) clinical sample of probands with OCD. Participants were classified as hoarding or nonhoarding using a strict, multimeasure grouping approach. Results revealed that the Val/Val genotype was linked with hoarding classification and more severe hoarding behaviors, as well as greater BMI levels. Hoarding status was also associated with greater BMI scores, with individuals in the hoarding group being far more likely to be classified as obese compared with the nonhoarding group. Our findings may provide a distinct avenue through which hoarding and BMI could be linked. These findings are suggestive of a complex gene, body weight, and psychopathology relationship wherein a primitive, survival “thrifty gene” strategy may be conserved and represented in a subgroup of humans manifesting severe hoarding symptoms. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2011 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
8.
Abramowitz Jonathan S.; Deacon Brett J.; Olatunji Bunmi O.; Wheaton Michael G.; Berman Noah C.; Losardo Diane; Timpano Kiara R.; McGrath Patrick B.; Riemann Bradley C.; Adams Thomas; Bj?rgvinsson Thr?stur; Storch Eric A.; Hale Lisa R. 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》2010,22(1):180
Although several measures of obsessive-compulsive (OC) symptoms exist, most are limited in that they are not consistent with the most recent empirical findings on the nature and dimensional structure of obsessions and compulsions. In the present research, the authors developed and evaluated a measure called the Dimensional Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (DOCS) to address limitations of existing OC symptom measures. The DOCS is a 20-item measure that assesses the four dimensions of OC symptoms most reliably replicated in previous structural research. Factorial validity of the DOCS was supported by exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses of 3 samples, including individuals with OC disorder, those with other anxiety disorders, and nonclinical individuals. Scores on the DOCS displayed good performance on indices of reliability and validity, as well as sensitivity to treatment and diagnostic sensitivity, and hold promise as a measure of OC symptoms in clinical and research settings. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
9.
The formation of active species for oxidative dehydrogenation of propane on magnesium molybdates 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
James E. Miller Nancy B. Jackson Lindsey Evans Allen G. Sault Mary M. Gonzales 《Catalysis Letters》1999,58(2-3):147-152
Pure and mixed magnesium molybdate phases (MoO3, MgMoO4, and MgMo2O7) have been examined for the oxidative dehydrogenation reaction of propane. The results are very sensitive to the stoichiometry
and method of preparation. The catalysts exhibiting superior activity and selectivity are characterized by a unique temperature-programmed
reduction peak that is not present for the poorly active or selective catalysts. Mixtures of MgMoO4 and MoO3 or MgMoO4 and MgMo2O7, materials that perform poorly by themselves, show significant improvements in performance upon heating. The solid-state
interactions leading to these improvements correspond to the appearance of the characteristic reduction peak. The results
suggest that the beneficial synergistic effects seen with mixtures of inactive phases are due to formation of a new phase
or species, rather than remote communication between phases (e.g., oxygen spillover).
This revised version was published online in November 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
10.
Density functional theory calculations have been carried out to determine the thermodynamic stability of various Ga species
in gallium-exchanged ZSM-5, the thermodynamics of H2 adsorption, and the most favorable pathway for H2/D2 exchange. The portion of the zeolite associated with Ga was represented by a cluster containing 7, 21, or 33 atoms. The B3LYP
hybrid method was used to account for the effects of electron exchange and correlation. The most likely form of Ga expected
in freshly exchanged and calcined ZSM-5 is ZGa(OH)2. H2 reduction of this species is projected to produce ZGa(H)(OH) and ZGa(H)2. While the thermodynamics of H2 desorption from ZGa(H)2 are favorable, the process is projected to be slow because of a high activation barrier. The most favorable pathway for H2/D2 exchange over ZGa(H)2 proceeds via Z(D)(Ga(H)2(D)) as an intermediate. Similar calculations have been carried out for H2/D2 exchange over H-ZSM-5.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献