石墨烯复合功能材料及其在重金属离子检测的电化学研究与应用

石墨烯(GR)是典型的单原子碳纳米材料,具有独特的二维共辄平面结构,其高活性的比表面积和突出的导电性能,在电催化和敏感材料制备领域已得到广泛的应用。氧化石墨烯(GO)作为GR的前驱体,存在大量的含氧官能团,具有良好的水溶分散性。大量GO含氧官能团的介入会破坏其K-7T共辘结构,导致其电学性能变差。GO通过化学、水热合成或直接电化学还原方法可有效修复其共辄平面结构,得到导电性良好的还原氧化石墨烯(rGO),即GR.单组分的GR材料在实际应用中仍存在某些局限性,如电学活性相对较弱,与其它材料加工复合性能较差等。将GR、G O材料与其它功能材料进行复合,可进一步改善复合物的物理或化学性能,如分散性、加工修饰和电催化活性等。综述了石墨烯材料与金属及其氧化物纳米粒子、聚合物、掺杂原子、导电离子液体、碳纳米材料等功能材料复合后,能形成可调控的微结构,具有改性的化学性质和协同发挥的电学效应,表现出显著的电子传递能力及其功能性作用。论述了GR功能化修饰的复合材料作为敏感界面,构筑基于重金属离子检测的电化学生物传感器,可以实现对Pb2+,Hg2+,C『+等多种重金属离子的同时或分别检出,提出了GR复合制备材料的纳米结构特征、功能修饰作用对于提高传感器的电催化活性和选择性性能等方面的应用,并对该研究领域进行了总结与展望。     

Syntheses,characterization, and luminescence of two lanthanide complexes [Ln2（acetate）6（HeO）4]·4H2O （Ln=Tb（1）, Sm（2））

Two dinuclear compounds [Ln2（acetate）6（H2O）4]-4H2O （Ln=Tb（1）, Sm（2）） were obtained by the hydrothermal reaction of Ln2O3 with malonic acid at 150 ℃. Both compounds were characterized by elemental analyses, infrared spectra, and single crystal X-ray diffraction. The results showed that complexes 1 and 2 were isomorphous and crystallize in triclinic space group P 1. The coordination geometry around Ln（Ⅲ） ions in the complexes 1 and 2 was a distorted tricapped trigonal prism with a nine coordination. In the crystal, the molecular organization was further stabilized by well-defined weak hydrogen bonding interactions between the neutral dinuclear molecular units that led to the formation of a three-dimensional network. The fluorescence properties of the two complexes 1 and 2 in organic solvents were also studied. The results show that the ligand acetate favored energy transfer to the emitting energy level of Tb（Ⅲ） in complex 1. Some factors that influence the fluorescent intensity were also discussed in the article.