“功能性表达性模型”与中国警察信任——基于全国样本的多重中介与调节模型分析

功能性模型认为，提升警察信任的主要方法在于预防和控制犯罪，降低犯罪率与提升公众安全感；而表达性模型认为，提升警察信任更应注重维护社会正义与社区凝聚力。基于提出促进中国警察信任度提高的理论模型，提升公众获得感、幸福感、安全感，实现国家和社会整体安全的最终目的，采用结构方程模型验证“功能性-表达性模型”与中国警察信任关系的结果表明，功能性模型与表达性模型内部因素之间存在显著路径关系，同时功能性模型显著影响表达性模型指标进而改变公众对警察的信任程度。经调节效应分析后发现，主观社会阶层负向调节被害经历到犯罪恐惧感的直接路径，社交媒体使用负向调节犯罪恐惧感到警察信任的直接路径；在主观社会阶层和社交媒体使用的共同调节作用下，“被害经历→犯罪恐惧感→警察信任”中介路径效应值，随社交媒体使用频率的提升而增大，随主观社会阶层的升高而减小。     

Genetic distance,international experience and the performance of cross-border R&D for EMNEs

Cross-border R&D can contribute to the enhancement of independent innovation capabilities of emerging markets multinational enterprises (EMNEs) by benefiting from knowledge management. However, scant research exists examining the location impact of cross-border R&D for EMNEs on performance implications. This paper fills this important theoretical gap by building upon the literature of genetic distance in connection with knowledge management. We use a panel data of Chinese high-tech listed companies to empirically examine the impact of genetic distance on the performance of cross-border R&D and the role played by international experience. Our results reveal a positive relationship between genetic distance and the performance of cross-border R&D. Importantly, we highlight the motivation for cross-border R&D of EMNEs to acquire technical knowledge magnifies the positive effects of genetic distance and performance. Furthermore, our analysis indicates that international experience significantly enhanced the positive effect of genetic distance on cross-border R&D performance. We conclude this paper by discussing theoretical contributions to genetic distance, international management and knowledge management, as well as practical implications for cross-border R&D of EMNEs.     

农民工工资支付法治化问题研究——基于对《保障农民工工资支付条例》的解读

《保障农民工工资支付条例》(以下简称《条例》)是我国当前面对农民工工资支付出现的新问题制定的一套具有规范化、权威性和有效性的法律保障机制。从农民工工资支付法治化保障机制的制度特点来看,《条例》的主体责任更加明确化,处罚方式强调规范化,监管过程具备严密化,监管主体呈现多元化。《条例》采取全程协同监管手段消除“灰色治理”的“梗阻”,用“法律红线”落实并明确各方的法律主体责任,以细化规定的方式打通工资支付的“绿色通道”,从而能够保障《条例》的有效落实。为了更好地保障农民工的切身利益,《条例》主要从实践逻辑层面上落实法治化保障措施:明确不同监管主体在监督检查领域中的职能定位,对用人单位实行严格的资格认定与法律责任制,在监管领域中始终关注劳有所得的民生问题。     

Effect of pavement and water deficit on biomass allocation and whole-tree transpiration in two contrasting urban tree species

Urban Ecosystems - Aiming to explore the species-specific responses of biomass allocation and whole-tree transpiration in urban trees to pavement and drought, a field manipulation experiment grew...     

Human Error in Autonomous Underwater Vehicle Deployment: A System Dynamics Approach

The use of autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) for various applications have grown with maturing technology and improved accessibility. The deployment of AUVs for under-ice marine science research in the Antarctic is one such example. However, a higher risk of AUV loss is present during such endeavors due to the extremities in the Antarctic. A thorough analysis of risks is therefore crucial for formulating effective risk control policies and achieving a lower risk of loss. Existing risk analysis approaches focused predominantly on the technical aspects, as well as identifying static cause and effect relationships in the chain of events leading to AUV loss. Comparatively, the complex interrelationships between risk variables and other aspects of risk such as human errors have received much lesser attention. In this article, a systems-based risk analysis framework facilitated by system dynamics methodology is proposed to overcome existing shortfalls. To demonstrate usefulness of the framework, it is applied on an actual AUV program to examine the occurrence of human error during Antarctic deployment. Simulation of the resultant risk model showed an overall decline in human error incident rate with the increase in experience of the AUV team. Scenario analysis based on the example provided policy recommendations in areas of training, practice runs, recruitment policy, and setting of risk tolerance level. The proposed risk analysis framework is pragmatically useful for risk analysis of future AUV programs to ensure the sustainability of operations, facilitating both better control and monitoring of risk.     

Tweeting about emergency: A semantic network analysis of government organizations’ social media messaging during Hurricane Harvey

While social media like Twitter have been increasingly adopted by public-sector organizations, it remains less explored as to how government and emergency management (EM) organizations use these platforms to communicate with the public in response to emerging natural disasters. Extending the Situational Crisis Communication Theory (SCCT) to the realm of social media, this study examines the emerging semantic networks from 67 government and EM organizations’ official tweets during Hurricane Harvey over a three-week period. It identifies how multiple crisis response strategies—including instructing information, adjusting information, and bolstering—are constituted of different issues, actions, and organizational actors before, during, and immediately after the disaster event. Results suggest that government agencies use the strategy of instructing information predominantly before and during the disaster, whereas adjusting information and bolstering strategies are utilized more during post-disaster recovery. The study offers theoretical and practical implications of using a semantic network approach to studying organizational crisis responses.     

京津冀城市圈公共服务供给水平测度及其区域差异分析

京津冀公共服务一体化是突破京津冀发展瓶颈,推动京津冀区域协同发展的重要抓手之一。本文以京津冀城市圈13个城市为研究区域,通过构建公共服务供给水平的评价指标体系,利用熵值法测度了2014-2017年京津冀城市圈各城市的公共服务供给水平,并对其呈现出的区域格局及区域差异进行探讨,结果显示:京津冀城市圈不同城市间公共服务供给水平差异显著,呈现出以北京和天津为中心逐渐衰减的空间格局;2014-2017年京津冀城市圈不同城市间公共服务供给水平的区域差异逐渐缩小,公共服务供给水平由不均衡格局逐渐向均衡格局演进。本文研究结果为推进京津冀城市圈公共服务协调发展提供建议参考。     

司法领域非暴力抗法的经济学研究

在司法领域,当事人会在纠纷解决方式的选择上采用诉讼等方式,但基于理性人的假设,只考虑个人成本和自身利益,忽略社会成本和收益,往往会造成非暴力抗法等非理性状态。如何通过制度设计引导当事人按照社会意愿进行诉讼或者设计怎样的"兼容性"制度来实现社会福利最大化是法经济学的研究重点。本文通过经济学视角的分析,旨在探讨非暴力抗法的利益博弈。     

陆梁油田薄层底水油藏水平井井筒模拟研究

新疆陆梁油田呼图壁河组油藏发育一类特殊的薄层底水型油藏，其特点是油层厚度薄，构造幅度低，底水能量大，利用水平井开采，表现出无水采油期短、含水率上升速度快、产量递减大的特点。针对这些问题，采用水平井数值模拟方法，建立了考虑摩擦压力损失的水平井井筒模型，明确了摩擦压力损失对水平井的压力分布以及水平段产量的影响，在此基础上，分析研究了水平井底水锥进的水脊特征，判断了水平井出水位置，提出了封堵出水井段并结合油藏工程方法确定了水平井合理产液量，从而达到抑制底水快速锥进，减小压力损失，降低含水率上升速度的目的。     

城市公共艺术与文化软实力的对接关系研究——以广州为例

文化软实力是一个国家除军事经济之外让别人主动接近的吸引力,城市公共艺术也是一种与大众有亲缘关系的艺术形态。某种程度上说,城市公共艺术是文化软实力在艺术领域的一种显象。广州城市公共艺术在器物层、行为层、制度层诠释了文化软实力的静态和动态的维度。