Comparison on predictors of mental health service use among Asian older adults

Studies have mostly examined mental health service use of older Asian immigrant combining all Asian Americans into one group whereas immigration backgrounds and socioeconomic status of each Asian minority group are different. Therefore, this study aimed to identify predictors of mental health service use within specific ethnic groups among older Asian adults focusing on Chinese, Japanese, Korean, Filipino, and Vietnamese in California. The Behavioral Model for Vulnerable Populations (BMVP) is used to guide the secondary data analysis of a sample of 3,453 older Asian immigrants from the California Health Interview Survey (CHIS). Logistic and linear regression analyses are performed to examine predictors of mental health service use and the frequency of mental health service use, respectively. As results, mental health‐seeking patterns differ by ethnicity within the older Asian immigrant sample, not being married (Korean), higher levels of acculturation (Filipino), lower levels of neighborhood cohesion (Korean and Vietnamese), higher levels of perceived safety (Korean) and lower levels of perceived safety (Vietnamese), higher levels of mental distress (Korean and Filipino), and having perceived need (all) were related to more visits for mental health services. The study findings highlight the necessity of cultural competency services and programs for each Asian ethnicity.     

A New Methodology for Before–After Safety Assessment Using Survival Analysis and Longitudinal Data

The widely used empirical Bayes (EB) and full Bayes (FB) methods for before–after safety assessment are sometimes limited because of the extensive data needs from additional reference sites. To address this issue, this study proposes a novel before–after safety evaluation methodology based on survival analysis and longitudinal data as an alternative to the EB/FB method. A Bayesian survival analysis (SARE) model with a random effect term to address the unobserved heterogeneity across sites is developed. The proposed survival analysis method is validated through a simulation study before its application. Subsequently, the SARE model is developed in a case study to evaluate the safety effectiveness of a recent red‐light‐running photo enforcement program in New Jersey. As demonstrated in the simulation and the case study, the survival analysis can provide valid estimates using only data from treated sites, and thus its results will not be affected by the selection of defective or insufficient reference sites. In addition, the proposed approach can take into account the censored data generated due to the transition from the before period to the after period, which has not been previously explored in the literature. Using individual crashes as units of analysis, survival analysis can incorporate longitudinal covariates such as the traffic volume and weather variation, and thus can explicitly account for the potential temporal heterogeneity.     

Comfort with discussions about death,religiosity, and attitudes about end‐of‐life care

In end‐of‐life (EOL) care research, death anxiety and religiosity are often overlooked. Terror management theory (TMT) may provide a useful conceptual model with which to examine how comfort discussing death and religiosity influence attitudes related to EOL care. A telephone‐based survey was conducted among community‐dwelling adults in the Unites States. Via random sampling, with over‐sampling of Hispanics/African Americans, 123 completed survey interviews (response rate = 46%) were analyzed. Respondents were more likely to have better attitudes toward EOL care if they were older or white, religiously active, and comfortable with the subject of death. Religiosity and comfort discussing death were correlated with each other and remained significant predictors of attitudes about EOL care even without demographic covariates. Findings suggest that promoting an open dialogue about mortality may improve attitudes about EOL care and utilization of palliative care services. The study also provides evidence about the utility and applicability of TMT for EOL care.     

中国企业国际化过程的“加速”和“跳跃”：过度自信视角

 传统的国际化理论模型长期用一种刻板、静态的思想对国际化活动进行思考，事实上，企业的国际化成长过程存在着复杂的、多元的国际化行为组合和行为序列模式。即使在国际化程度相同的情况下，国际化过程的差异也可能导致截然不同的组织绩效。中国企业国际化过程体现出的“加速”和“跳跃”特征令世界瞩目，但少有研究关注中国企业国际化过程背后的管理者决策逻辑。而且，目前相关研究大多基于管理者理性人假设，忽略了管理者非理性行为对国际化过程特征的影响。        基于高阶梯队和行为金融等理论，探讨高管过度自信对中国企业对外直接投资速度和节奏等国际化动态过程特征的影响，并考察在内部股权结构和外部国际化压力的双重情景下该影响机制的变化情况。以具有国际化行为的中国上市公司为研究样本，通过手工整理获取2007年至2013年301家上市公司国际化过程面板数据，选择固定效应模型进行多元回归分析。        研究结果表明，①高管过度自信与国际化速度和国际化节奏之间均存在显著的正相关关系，即高管过度自信心理会促使中国企业国际化过程的速度增加，不规律性增强；②内部国有股权比例增加显著增强高管过度自信对国际化速度和国际化节奏的正向影响；③企业外部产业国际化竞争压力显著遏制中国企业高管过度自信对企业国际化速度和国际化节奏的正向影响。        在中国特定的制度环境和管理情景下，讨论高管过度自信心理对企业国际化过程特征产生的影响，验证了中国企业国际化扩张背后存在的高管非理性因素，为行为金融理论和国际化过程研究等相关研究领域的进一步推进做出了贡献。另外，探讨内部股权和外部产业竞争的影响，进一步丰富了公司治理和产业竞争的相关实证研究。研究结论对于高管团队管理和企业国际化决策管理具有较好的实践指导意义。     

丹巴土司制度发展历史考证

丹巴位于“藏彝走廊”的核心区域，其对汉藏民族关系、中央政权与边疆地区的稳定均具有重要影响。自忽必烈时期开始丹巴即开始实行土司制度直至新中国成立，研究丹巴的土司制度发展历史对梳理“藏彝走廊”民族关系及社会发展历史具有重要作用。本文对丹巴土司制度的发展历史进行了考证，并对其境内的四个土司的管辖范围、权力地位进行了梳理，以期对该地区历史发展研究提供一些参考与借鉴。     

The heterogeneous impact of pension income on elderly living arrangements: evidence from China’s new rural pension scheme

This paper investigates the impact of pension income on living arrangements of the elderly. Taking advantage of a unique opportunity due to the recent establishment and expansion of the New Rural Pension Scheme in China, we explicitly address the endogeneity of pension status and pension income through a fixed-effect model with instrumental variable approach by exploiting exogenous time variation in the program implementation at county level. We find an overall positive effect of pension income on independent living as well as considerable heterogeneity. The positive income effects of the NRPS are concentrated among the elderly with adult children living nearby, of higher socio-economic status, and with better health at baseline; for other groups, the effects are insignificant. We also find that more generous programs exhibit larger effects. Our results highlight that living arrangement is multidimensional in rural China.     

高含水期油藏层间压力结构差异量化方法研究

由于长期注水开发和层间非均质性影响，高含水期油藏各小层层间压力结构差异严重，掌握差异状况是合理调整的重要依据。针对现场分层测压资料少，单层压力资料获取困难的情况，应用渗流力学原理建立了高含水期地层层间压力结构差异量化数学模型，模型的关键参数可以通过生产数据计算获得。枣园油田的实例验证表明，高含水油藏层间压力存在明显差异，该方法能够确定各小层的压力差异状况。量化计算结果和实测资料相接近，有利于认清开发矛盾，为合理调整提供技术依据。     

Diffusion in the Face of Failure: The Evolution of a Management Innovation

Recent work has questioned the institutional model of management innovation by highlighting interactions between the field‐level actors engaged in diffusing innovations and implementation of the innovation at organization level. Focusing on the adaptation of management innovations to their context, rather than their creation, we review this work and use it to analyse the global diffusion of resource planning (RP), counter posing this case with the widely studied example of total quality management. Both of these innovations experienced a high level of failure when implemented by organizations. Total quality management's diffusion was characterized by a ‘boom and bust’ cycle. RP, however, has continued to spread globally in the form of its variants: MRP, MRPII and ERP. Our analysis seeks to account for the long‐run diffusion of RP through a processual model which highlights the interplay between RP's discursive framing at field level, the affordances of the innovation itself and its adaptation within organizations. This demonstrates how objectifying RP in software not only helped to spread the innovation but also allowed field‐level actors to differentiate its development as a successful innovation from the many failures experienced by organizations attempting to adapt it.     

再探近代汉语“乞”字被动句的来源

"乞"字被动句是近代汉语中的特殊被动句式,前辈时贤多有关注。笔者在前人研究的基础上,认为近代汉语"乞"字被动句在发展演变上有两条路径。一条是与《水浒传》《金瓶梅词话》《清平山堂话本》中的"吃""盙"相同的来源,即"乞"是"吃"的同音借字;一条是与明本潮州戏文和现代汉语方言中被动标记词"乞"相同的来源,即"给予"义动词发展而来的。     

“光棍节”媒体形象变迁

"光棍节"已成为新兴节日的典型代表。近年来,这一节日的影响力和社会认可度迅速攀升。在"光棍节"的形成和发展过程中,媒体起到了关键性作用,并且,从2003年初创至今,媒体所呈现的"光棍节"形象已发生流变。对主要报纸媒体资料的研究发现,"光棍节"的媒体形象从早期的社会文化形象和娱乐形象逐步演变为突出商业气息的商业形象,因此,要加强媒体的社会文化传承功能和市场化环境下媒体的自觉和自主性。