微波幅射对生物体的危害

<正> 微波属电磁波的一种,其频率在0.3～300GHZ。按波长分为分米、厘米及毫米波。按波型分为脉冲波及连续波两种波型。随着科学技术的发展,微波普遍应用于电子工业、国防和科研上,如导弹、火箭、宇宙飞船和卫星通讯,新闻和报纸传真等。在医疗上微波作理疗、针灸,诊治癌症及其他疾病。工农业用于制药,干燥木材、纸张、皮革和粮食、育种等。生活上用微波酿酒和烤面包、糕点、肉类等各种食物。最近还利用微波将太阳能传送至地球上,作为能源使用,受微波辐射的人员相应日增,微波已成为危害人们健康的一种因素,生产及生活环境已严重地被微波污染,因此最近在联合国人类环境会议上微波被列为必须控制的“公害”。     

拟除虫菊酯杀虫剂对分装工人健康影响的研究

对199名拟菊酯分装车间工人进行健康检查,发现在接触空气中溴氰菊酯平均浓度为0.005～0.012毫克/立方米及杀灭菊酯为0.012～0.055毫克/立方米共0.5～4.5月并有一定程度皮肤污染的情况下,2/3受检者出现面部烧灼、刺痒、或紧麻感;1/3有喷嚏流涕等症状.夏季分装时,面部异常感觉与头昏、乏力、恶心等全身症状及皮肤出现红色粟粒样丘疹者较冬季时为多.未发现其它脏器或系统异常,亦未见急性中毒征象.血浆去甲肾上腺素、环一磷酸腺苷、环一磷酸鸟苷与对照组相比无显著差异.用气相色谱法可检出分装工尿中的杀灭菊酯,但分装工尿中溴氰菊酯的含量皆低于气相色谱法及高压液相色谱法可检下限.     

电器外科医务人员接触微波导致眼睛危害的剂量调查

过去对医务人员接触射频(RF)及微波(MW)的剂量很少考虑。作者对医院手术室工作人员使用MW电外科仪(ESU)的辐射剂量进行研究,旨在评价外科医师所接触的MW电场强度和磁场强度是否超过美国国家标准研究所(ANSI)制订的标准。美国经15年的连续研究所制订的人类职业安全卫生允许标准中规定现场功率密度(PD)应低于10 mw/cm。按频率范围算,RF为100KHz～300 MHz,MW为300 MHz～300GHz,RF及MW均属非电离辐射。 ESU对人体健康危害分以下四种;(1)爆炸、(2)燃烧、(3)对心脏影响、(4)兴奋肌肉。不少文章提及有关MW生物效应,至少报道过130种,其中特别敏感的部位为眼睛的晶体,MW使     

微波及微波炉对人体健康的影响

随着科学技术不断提高,电子技术飞速发展,微波广泛应用于各个领域中。如国防上三军使用的雷达、导弹、原于弹等的通讯系统,电视、卫星转播、电话、传真,飞机及船舶等导航、自动门、防盗器及用微波测风、测雨以预报天气。医疗上用的微波理疗机,针灸仪,癌症诊治仪,野战消毒机。生活上用微波烤面包、糕点、烤鸡鸭及其它肉类。微波亦日     

受微波高频辐射人员外周血5—羟色胺含量的变化

The relationship between 5-HT contents in peripheral blood and power density among workers exposed to microwave or high frequency radiation in the workshops were studied. At the same time, systems and disorder of central nervous system and cardiovascular system were examined. The results of study showed that the average 5-HT content in whole blood for high frequency radiation exposure group was lower than that of the control, but without statistical significance. Value for the microwave exposure group was significantly lower than that of the control (P less than 0.01). The 5-HT content of mechanical maintainers exposed to microwave of high frequency radiation were all lower than the contents of their corresponding control groups (P less than 0.01). But for the mechanic operators as compared with their corresponding control, no significant difference was found (P greater than 0.05). The power density exposed by the maintainers of both tested groups were all higher than that of the operators. The 5-HT contents in the whole blood were inversely proportional to the power density of microwave and high frequency groups. The incidence of neurasthenic syndrome, unsymmetric skin temperature in both limbs and hypotension was higher in the microwave and high frequency radiation groups than that in the control group. The incidence of bradycardia and some abnormal items of electrocardiograph in the microwave group was obviously greater than that in high frequency group, which may be related to different frequency exposed for these two exposure groups. Whether it is related to the contents of 5-HT needs further investigation.     

针药结合治疗盆底失弛缓综合征引起便秘76例疗效观察

目的：观察针药结合治疗盆底失弛缓综合征引起便秘的临床疗效。方法：对76例患者采用针药结合方法治疗。电针主穴：天枢、上巨虚、支沟；口服中药熟地白术汤(熟地黄、白术、肉苁蓉)。结果：痊愈61例，有效13例，无效2例：痊愈率为80．26％，总有效率为97．37％。结论：针药结合治疗盆底失弛缓综合征引起便秘疗效肯定，尤适用于脾肾虚弱者。     

应用痔全息注射液治疗各类外痔、混合痔760例体会

临床资料:本组760例,男430例,女330例,年龄20～75岁,病程5天～50年,其中血栓性外痔204例,结蒂组织伴炎性外痔196例,陈旧肛裂性外痔154例,混合痔(包括嵌顿性内痔)206例.     

医院护理人员膳食营养知-信-行问卷信度分析

目的以信度指标分析自制护理人员膳食营养知-信-行问卷质量,为制定标准的调查问卷提供参考。方法随机抽样法随机抽取郑州市中医院护理人员100名,采用现场调查方式分别在第1周、第3周、第5周进行重测信度调查,并采用整群分层随机抽样方法抽取12家医院1366名护理人员进行内部一致性信度分析。重测信度分析采用Pearson和Spearman相关分析法,内部一致性分析采用Cronbach’sα系数。结果知识、态度、行为维度及总问卷的Cronbach’sα系数分别为0.793、0.895、0.877和0.882,重测信度分别为0.592、0.495、0.413和0.495。结论该自制问卷的信度较高,可为规范的护理膳食营养调查问卷设计提供参考。     

“抗矽—14”治疗矽肺的临床观察

在华主席抓纲治国的战略决策指引下,为了进一步搞好矽肺防治工作。我们于1975年7月起对北京市大华陶瓷厂的矽肺患者,采用“抗矽—14”进行了门诊治疗观察。现将坚持服药满三年的14例患者临床观察结果总结如下。     

Electroacupuncture Treatment for Constipation Due to Spasmodic Syndrome of the Pelvic Floor——A Report of 36 Cases

Thirty-six cases of constipation due tospasmodic syndrome of the pelvic floor were treatedby electroacupuncture,with satisfactory therapeuticresults reported as follows.