表达谱基因芯片筛选体外循环前后心肌细胞因子的变化

Objestive Systemic inflarmmation may be triggered by injury, hypothermia, ischemia-reperfusion and the contact of the blood with foreign body during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). To determine the application values of gene chip technique in the clinical practice and the study of cardiovascular stagery, as well as to provide clues to the study of inflammatory responess during CPB, microarry for gene expression profiles was used to identify the differences in the gene expression of myocardium between pre-and post- CPB. Methods Six adult patients who underwent CPB from March to May in 2003 were involved. Samples of right atrium were col- lected before and at immediate end of CPB. BD AtlasTM cDNA Expression Arrays was used to identify the differences in the gene ex- pression of cytokines. The results were compared with that of semi-quantative RT-PCR. Resellts The mean age of 6 patients (5 males and 1 female) was (32.67± 11.72) years. The baseline heart function was gradeⅡin 3 cases and grade Ⅲ in 3 other cases. The baseline left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)was (58.17±7.91)%. The mere duration was (91.67±43.88) minutes for CPB and was (58.67±43.46) minutes for aorta blocking. The minimum nasopharynx/rectal temperture was (29.37±1.90)℃/ (32.15±1.52)℃. Gene expression profiles of cytokines in the myocardium pre- and post-CPB were analysed successfully. The ex- pression of IL-6, IFN-γ,Wnt5a, TNFRSF1B, a member of tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, PIGF and MFNG in the myo- cardium were unpregulated after CPB. Conclusion Microarray technique is applicable in the study of cytokines changes dying CPB. cDNA microarray identified pleliminarily the differences in the gene expression between pre- and post-CPB. These genes may be in- valved in inflammation and other psthophysiological responses incuced by CPB. The myocardiym is probably one of the major sources of cytokines during CPB. Further study may be helpful in understanding the llngthe development of inflammation during CPB, and eventually, reducing the post-operative complications.     

保留冠状动脉的猪心螺旋形心室肌带的解剖

Objective Based on the Helical Ventricular Myocardial Band (HVMB) theory proposed by Torrent-Guasp,the ventricular myocardial hand extends from the root of the pulmonary artery to the root of the aorta with two helical coils.This new theory is considered as a revolutionary concept for further understanding the global, three-dimensional and functional architecture of the ven- tricular myocardium. No repot had described techniques for disecting HVMB while keepin～ the integrity of the coronmy artery sys- tern. We explored techniques for dissecting HVMB in swine.Methads 33 fresh swine hearts were randomly divided intoll groups, 3 bearts in each. 160% barium sulfate (type I)suspmmion was injected into the coronary artery system. The coronary arteries were li- gated. The strial tissue was removed following puuing the hearts in boiling water then cooling for several hours. The superficial coro- nary vessels and fat tissue around the atrio-ventricular taxi inter-ventricular sulcus we～'e preserved. Some branches of the left anterior descending artery, distal segment, of posterior descending branch, and middle and distal segment of obtuse marginal branches were mu- tilated appropriately. HVMB dissection was completed with fingers in accordnce with Torrent Guasp' s technique. Results A contin- ued bundle of muscle, originated at the root of pulmonary artery and ended at the root of aorta, was unwrapped along the major dire- tion of the cardiac muscle fiber in all of the 33 hearts with spating of the coronary artery. The swine hearts' ventricular myocandium was cumosed of two loops, with basal loop firm the root of the pulmonart artery to the anterior papillary muscle and apical from the beginning of the anterior papillary muscle to the root tithe aorta. Each loop consisted of two segments: the right segment-coincid- ing with the right ventricular free wall and the left segment-coinciding with the basal d the left ventricular free wall. Posterior papillary muscle, which belongs to the descendant segment, denmrcated the border between the descendent and the ascendant of the HVMB's apical loop. Conclusion Although controversies about the theory of the HVMB remain, we have dissected the HVMB in the swine hearts' ventricular myocardium successfully with sparing of the coronary artery systems. This dissection procedure provides technical information for the studies of associated diseases based on the theory of HVMB.     

对开展胆固醇教育意义的探讨

随着经济发展,居民饮食结构等生活方式的改变,冠心病发病率不断增加,而冠心病与高脂血症有密切关系,高脂血症是急性心肌梗死、脑卒中等的主要危险因素,是无形杀手.但是,患者、公众和广大医务人员(尤其是在基层单位)对血脂的认识还存在很多误区.如何控制高脂血症、遏制冠心病继续增长的势头,已成为我国公共卫生事业面临的重大课题和严重挑战,为此,卫生部开展十年百项计划"冠心病血脂干预技术推广"项目(即胆固醇教育计划),此项目由胡大一教授负责,重点在中国开展胆固醇教育的普及活动,以提高广大医师和公众对血脂异常的认识,做好冠心病的防治.     

重组尿激酶原治疗急性心肌梗死的疗效和安全性评价

目的研究尿激酶原(Pro-UK)对急性ST段抬高心肌梗死患者溶栓的疗效和安全性。方法随机选择2003-02~2004-03间于首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院住院的急性ST段抬高心肌梗死发病6h以内患者,分别给予Pro-UK或尿激酶(UK)。观察主要疗效和安全性指标。结果共入组26例患者,Pro-UK溶栓患者16例,UK溶栓患者10例。溶栓后90min冠脉造影心肌梗死溶栓(TIMI)3级血流率分别为:56·25%(9/16)和70%(7/10)(P=0·683),其中Pro-UK50mg为66·7%(4/6),60mg为75%(3/4);TIMI2/3级血流率分别为:56·25%(9/16)和80%(8/10)(P=0·399)。各种安全性指标两组差异均无显著性。Pro-UK组纤维蛋白原水平较UK组显著高,提示Pro-UK具有高的纤维蛋白特异性。结论Pro-UK溶栓治疗50~60mg安全有效,有待于进一步研究。     

基因芯片在心血管外科实验研究中的应用

生物芯片技术自20世纪90年代出现以来,已在基因测序、基因突变及多态性分析、基因表达及功能分析、文库筛选、新药开发以及病原体检测等方面进行了应用和探讨。1999年基因芯片技术应用于心血管系统的研究,在心血管外科及其相关领域,基因芯片技术的应用还不是很普遍。综述近几年基因芯片技术在心血管外科实验研究中应用的文献,观察其应用价值,介绍基因芯片在心血管外科的研究进展,对其主要内容简要总结、分析。基因芯片在心血管外科相关领域的成功应用,短时间、大范围地揭示了许多未知领域。基因芯片技术可更多地应用于心血管外科领域,可能为此领域的科研提供线索。     

还原型谷胱甘肽临床研究及应用进展

谷胱甘肽(glutat hione)广泛分布于人体肝、肾细胞和红细胞。由还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)和氧化型谷胱甘肽(GSSG)组成,两种形式,可以互变,两者的正常比例约为100∶1。还原型谷胱甘肽、氧化型谷胱甘肽、谷胱甘肽氧化酶(GSH2Px)和谷胱甘肽还原酶(GSH2R)共同组成了谷胱甘肽氧化还原系统。     

依洛前列素治疗特发性肺动脉高压1例

男,73岁,主因“间断活动后胸闷气促7年余,加重1周”于2006年6月9日急诊入院。近1周来明显加重,休息时也胸闷喘憋。曾运动后晕厥5次。3年前诊断为重度肺动脉高压(PH),排除肺栓塞等因     

深低温停循环时猪脑不同部位组织含水率的比较

目的通过观察猪脑不同部位组织的含水率,揭示深低温停循环(DHCA)对不同部位脑组织含水率的影响。方法采用北京农业大学实验用小型猪6头,体质量22～25kg,通过体外循环使鼻咽温降至18℃时给予DHCA处理90min。取左侧海马、额叶大脑皮质、小脑和延髓组织测湿质量,于110℃烘箱内干燥24h,测干质量,计算组织含水率。结果脑组织不同部位含水率不同,大脑皮质(81.81%±1.03%)和海马区(83.91%±1.80%)差异无统计学意义(P=0.078),二者明显高于延髓(74.67%±1.73%,P<0.01)和小脑(77.98%±0.66%,P<0.01);延髓含水率最低,与其他位置相比,差异有统计学意义(与小脑相比P=0.004)。结论由于组织结构的不同,DHCA时脑组织不同部位含水率不同,可能和术后神经精神并发症的发生及其类型有关。     

表达谱基因芯片筛选体外循环前后心肌细胞因子的变化

Objestive Systemic inflarmmation may be triggered by injury, hypothermia, ischemia-reperfusion and the contact of the blood with foreign body during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). To determine the application values of gene chip technique in the clinical practice and the study of cardiovascular stagery, as well as to provide clues to the study of inflammatory responess during CPB, microarry for gene expression profiles was used to identify the differences in the gene expression of myocardium between pre-and post- CPB. Methods Six adult patients who underwent CPB from March to May in 2003 were involved. Samples of right atrium were col- lected before and at immediate end of CPB. BD AtlasTM cDNA Expression Arrays was used to identify the differences in the gene ex- pression of cytokines. The results were compared with that of semi-quantative RT-PCR. Resellts The mean age of 6 patients (5 males and 1 female) was (32.67± 11.72) years. The baseline heart function was gradeⅡin 3 cases and grade Ⅲ in 3 other cases. The baseline left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)was (58.17±7.91)%. The mere duration was (91.67±43.88) minutes for CPB and was (58.67±43.46) minutes for aorta blocking. The minimum nasopharynx/rectal temperture was (29.37±1.90)℃/ (32.15±1.52)℃. Gene expression profiles of cytokines in the myocardium pre- and post-CPB were analysed successfully. The ex- pression of IL-6, IFN-γ,Wnt5a, TNFRSF1B, a member of tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, PIGF and MFNG in the myo- cardium were unpregulated after CPB. Conclusion Microarray technique is applicable in the study of cytokines changes dying CPB. cDNA microarray identified pleliminarily the differences in the gene expression between pre- and post-CPB. These genes may be in- valved in inflammation and other psthophysiological responses incuced by CPB. The myocardiym is probably one of the major sources of cytokines during CPB. Further study may be helpful in understanding the llngthe development of inflammation during CPB, and eventually, reducing the post-operative complications.     

保留冠状动脉的猪心螺旋形心室肌带的解剖

Objective Based on the Helical Ventricular Myocardial Band (HVMB) theory proposed by Torrent-Guasp,the ventricular myocardial hand extends from the root of the pulmonary artery to the root of the aorta with two helical coils.This new theory is considered as a revolutionary concept for further understanding the global, three-dimensional and functional architecture of the ven- tricular myocardium. No repot had described techniques for disecting HVMB while keepin～ the integrity of the coronmy artery sys- tern. We explored techniques for dissecting HVMB in swine.Methads 33 fresh swine hearts were randomly divided intoll groups, 3 bearts in each. 160% barium sulfate (type I)suspmmion was injected into the coronary artery system. The coronary arteries were li- gated. The strial tissue was removed following puuing the hearts in boiling water then cooling for several hours. The superficial coro- nary vessels and fat tissue around the atrio-ventricular taxi inter-ventricular sulcus we～'e preserved. Some branches of the left anterior descending artery, distal segment, of posterior descending branch, and middle and distal segment of obtuse marginal branches were mu- tilated appropriately. HVMB dissection was completed with fingers in accordnce with Torrent Guasp' s technique. Results A contin- ued bundle of muscle, originated at the root of pulmonary artery and ended at the root of aorta, was unwrapped along the major dire- tion of the cardiac muscle fiber in all of the 33 hearts with spating of the coronary artery. The swine hearts' ventricular myocandium was cumosed of two loops, with basal loop firm the root of the pulmonart artery to the anterior papillary muscle and apical from the beginning of the anterior papillary muscle to the root tithe aorta. Each loop consisted of two segments: the right segment-coincid- ing with the right ventricular free wall and the left segment-coinciding with the basal d the left ventricular free wall. Posterior papillary muscle, which belongs to the descendant segment, denmrcated the border between the descendent and the ascendant of the HVMB's apical loop. Conclusion Although controversies about the theory of the HVMB remain, we have dissected the HVMB in the swine hearts' ventricular myocardium successfully with sparing of the coronary artery systems. This dissection procedure provides technical information for the studies of associated diseases based on the theory of HVMB.