心室肌脂肪:一个意想不到的远期生存生物标志物?

正目的非增强CT常常观察到心肌脂肪,但对其认识不足,本文旨在探究心肌内脂肪与全因死亡率的关系,无论是否有心肌梗死病史。方法本回顾性队列研究收集了不     

美国≥65岁女性的数字二维乳腺摄影与断层成像对比

正摘要虽然乳腺癌的发病率和死亡率随着年龄的增长而增加,但有关老年妇女筛查乳腺X线检查的益处和风险,以及老年妇女二维数字乳腺X线摄影(DM)和数字乳腺断层成     

Inhibition of focal adhesion kinase enhances antitumor response of radiation therapy in pancreatic cancer through CD8+ T cells

Objective:Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC)is a deadly malignancy,due in large part to its resistance to conventional therapies,including radiotherapy(RT).Despite RT exerting a modest antitumor response,it has also been shown to promote an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment.Previous studies demonstrated that focal adhesion kinase inhibitors(FAKi)in clinical development inhibit the infiltration of suppressive myeloid cells and T regulatory(T regs)cells,and subsequently enhance effector T cell infiltration.FAK inhibitors in clinical development have not been investigated in combination with RT in preclinical murine models or clinical studies.Thus,we investigated the impact of FAK inhibition on RT,its potential as an RT sensitizer and immunomodulator in a murine model of PDAC.Methods:We used a syngeneic orthotopic murine model to study the effect of FAKi on hypofractionated RT.Results:In this study we showed that IN10018,a small molecular FAKi,enhanced antitumor response to RT.Antitumor activity of the combination of FAKi and RT is T cell dependent.FAKi in combination with RT enhanced CD8+T cell infiltration significantly in comparison to the radiation or FAKi treatment alone(P<0.05).FAKi in combination with radiation inhibited the infiltration of granulocytes but enhanced the infiltration of macrophages and T regs in comparison with the radiation or FAKi treatment alone(P<0.01).Conclusions:These results support the clinical development of FAKi as a radiosensitizer for PDAC and combining FAKi with RT to prime the tumor microenvironment of PDAC for immunotherapy.     

上海市黄浦区小学生中高等强度体力活动时间影响因素和干预效果评价

了解黄浦区小学生每天中等到高强度体力活动(MVPA)时间和影响因素,为探索增加体力活动时间和强度适宜干预方法提供参考.方法 采用随机整群抽样方法在上海市黄浦区抽取4所小学作为干预学校,同时选择具有可比性的4所小学作为对照学校,对575名四年级学生进行体力活动和相关因素问卷调查,并开展政策支持、环境改善、健康教育等3个方面为期8个月的干预.结果 四年级小学生1周平均每天进行MVPA时间男生为62.1(39.9~91.1)min,女生为60.7(45.4~87.6) min;平均每天MVPA时间≥60 min的学生回答喜爱做运动(90.2%)、每天运动1h容易(80.7%)、家里有运动器材(82.3%)、有人一起参加活动(89.5%)、家人和朋友鼓励参加体育运动(84.0%)和父母业余时间都参加体育活动(55.6)的比例高于<60 min的学生(79.7%,62.5%,73.9%,81.3%,72.4%,41.8%),差异均有统计学意义(x2值分别为12.24,23.49,5.96,7.84,11.42,10.83,P值均<0.05);干预后干预组1周平均每天MVPA时间高于干预前,1周平均每天MVPA时间≥60 min的比例比干预前有明显提升,差异均有统计学意义(Z/x2值分别为-5.17,6.72,P值均<0.05).结论 黄浦区四年级小学生每天进行MVPA的平均时间达到WHO推荐量,但处于临界值;学生的运动观念和家庭因素是增加体力活动时间的重要因素;应加强学校政策支持、学校和家庭运动环境营造和健康教育的干预措施.     

Significant impact of cryopreserved amniotic membrane on acute ocular Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis

The ocular surface is covered by an epithelium encompassing an area including the cornea,the limbus and the conjunctiva bordered by the upper and lower lids.The healthy state of the ocular surface epithelium depends on a stable and protective preocular tear film when the eye is open.A stable preocular tear film is governed by sound ocular surface defense that involves effective neuroanatomic integration of compositional and hydrodynamic factors by two neural reflexes (1).     

Reduced anoctamin 7(ANO7) expression is a strong and independent predictor of poor prognosis in prostate cancer

Objective:Anoctamin 7(ANO7)is a calcium2+-dependent chloride ion channel protein.Its expression is restricted to prostate epithelial cells.The exact function is unknown.This study aimed to analyze ANO7 expression and its clinical significance in prostate cancer(PCa).Methods:ANO7 expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry in 17,747 clinical PCa specimens.Results:ANO7 was strongly expressed in normal prostate glandular cells but often less abundant in cancer cells.ANO7 staining was interpretable in 13,594 cancer tissues and considered strong in 34.4%,moderate in 48.7%,weak in 9.3%,and negative in 7.6%.Reduced staining was tightly linked to adverse tumor features[high classical and quantitative Gleason grade,lymph node metastasis,advanced tumor stage,high Ki67 labeling index,positive surgical margin,and early biochemical recurrence(P<0.0001 each)].The univariate Cox hazard ratio for prostate-specific antigen(PSA)recurrence after prostatectomy in patients with negative vs.strong ANO7 expression was 2.98(95%confidence interval 2.61–3.38).The prognostic impact was independent of established pre-or postoperatively available parameters(P<0.0001).Analysis of annotated molecular data showed that low ANO7 expression was linked to TMPRSS2:ERG fusions(P<0.0001),elevated androgen receptor expression(P<0.0001),as well as presence of 9 of 11 chromosomal deletions(P<0.05 each).A particularly strong association of low ANO7 expression with phosphatase and tensin homolog(PTEN)deletion may indicate a functional relationship with the PTEN/AKT pathway.Conclusions:These data identify reduced ANO7 protein expression as a strong and independent predictor of poor prognosis in PCa.ANO7 measurement,either alone or in combination,might provide clinically useful prognostic information in PCa.     

新生血管特异性结合肽GX1二聚体抑制胃癌新生血管生成的实验研究

目的:探讨新生血管特异性结合肽GX1二聚体对胃癌新生血管生成的影响。方法:化学合成GX1二聚体、GX1单体、对照肽二聚体，CCK-8实验、管状结构形成实验、迁移实验研究GX1二聚体对胃癌血管内皮细胞（co-HUVEC）增殖、微管形成、迁移能力的影响，流式细胞学技术分析其对细胞周期分布和凋亡的影响。结果:CCK-8结果显示，GX1二聚体与对照肽二聚体及PBS对照组相比，100~200 μmol/L可抑制co-HUVEC增殖，具有统计学差异（P<0.05），并呈剂量依赖性，GX1二聚体较单体抑制作用增强，并有统计学差异（P<0.05）。管状结构形成实验、细胞损伤迁移实验结果显示，与对照肽二聚体及对照组PBS 相比，GX1二聚体及GX1单体，均可抑制胃癌内皮细胞管状结构的形成及迁移，且二聚体抑制作用强于单体；对照肽二聚体仅有轻微的抑制胃癌内皮细胞管状结构的形成及迁移。流式细胞术分析显示，与对照肽二聚体及PBS对照组相比，GX1二聚体及GX1单体均可诱导细胞凋亡（P<0.05），且GX1二聚体的诱导作用强于GX1单体（P<0.05），而对细胞周期分布则无明显影响。结论:GX1二聚体和GX1单体均可抑制胃癌新生血管内皮细胞增殖、微管形成、迁移能力及诱导凋亡，且GX1二聚体较GX1单体作用增强。GX1二聚体有望代替单体成为胃癌新生血管靶向治疗小肽类药物。     

拷贝数变异及单核苷酸变异基因型自闭症动物模型 研究进展

孤独症谱系障碍（autism spectrum disorders，ASD）是一种起始于婴幼儿时期的神经发育障 碍性疾病，除社会交往障碍、认知缺失、重复刻板行为等核心症状外，还存在明显的多感官异常，其中 ASD患者疼痛异常会做出重复性的自我伤害行为，这种障碍不仅给患者也对其家庭造成了较为严重的 伤害，引起家庭和社会的广泛关注。对患儿疼痛敏感程度及影响疼痛敏感性的原理及机制进行深入研 究，不仅可以减轻患儿的痛苦体验，也能够为ASD患儿治疗方面提供新的思路。现对近年来在ASD 人 群中流行病学、临床实验、遗传学、影像学及ASD 动物模型的痛觉敏感程度及可能机制的研究进行综述， 在今后的研究中，可以尝试探索优化干预方案，为进一步推广临床提供理论依据。