冰芯与寒区环境开放研究实验室的回顾与展望

History and current situations of ice core research in China are reviewed following the establishment of the Laboratory of Ice Core and Cold Regions Environment, CAS. At present, three research foci are mainly carried out in the laboratory, namely: (1) Interaction between glacier and atmosphere; (2) Ice core records; (3) The physics of snow and ice. Within the passing several years. over forty projects have been finished or are being carried out. and about 300 papers were published in various international or domestic scientific journals and 9 monographs were published too. The research results have been awarded two first-class prizes by the Chinese Academy of Sciences, one third-class national prize. and one fourth-class national prize. Intensive cooperation with authoritative research institutions has contributed much to the laboratory. which will be continuously emphasized in the future.     

中国南极冰川学研究10 a回顾与展望

The study of Antarctic glaciology in China is reviewed with the emphasis on the past decade. Much progress has been achieved in the physical characteristics of the Antarctic ice sheet and caps and in the study of climatic and environmental records in Antarctic snow and ice. Through observations of snow profiles of numerous snow-pits and shallow cores in the Wilkes Land and Lambert Glacier basin and along the route of the 1990 International Trans-Antarctica Science Expedition (ITASE), the regional features of snow deposition and densification in Antarctica were revealed. The Nelson Island ice cap in South Shetland Islands was investigated in detail that　greatly enriched the knowledge of glaciers under a sub-Antarctic maritime climate. From the analyses of shallow ice cores and surface snow samples, in particular those taken along the ITASE route, the systematic data of stable isotopes, soluble impurities and heavy metal Pb in present precipitation in Antarctica has been obtained. Some suggestions are proposed through discussing the present hot points in the above fields.     

22.6--3.8 GHz 太阳射电动态频谱仪

给出北京天文台 ２．６—３．８ ＧＨ_(ｚ)太阳射电动态频谱仪的性能、结构及初步观测结果．     

MAPS数值降水预报产品在长江中上游流域面雨量预报中的应用

检验分析了湖北省MAPS数值降水预报产品对长江中上游嘉陵江、三峡区间东段、西段和清江流域面雨量的预报精度,并对造成空漏报的天气系统进行了分类统计分析.得到的若干结论有助于该类产品在业务预报中的应用.     

太湖水动力学三维数值试验研究——3.马山围垦对太湖风生流的影响

地形地决定湖泊流场的大小和结构和重要因素,它会影响湖泊水体内的物质输移与扩散和水质的分布,因而弄清马山围垦对湖流的影响有助于了解无锡市重要饮用水水源地梅梁湖的藻类“水华”和水质变化规律,本文在太湖风生流的三 数值模拟的基础上,用数值试验方法探讨了马山围垦对湖泊流场的影响,结果表明：虽然围垦对表层及底层风生流影响较小,但是对中间转层的流场影响较大,对整层平均流场影响更大,在多数风场作用下,围垦虽未对     

模拟水动力对湖泊生物群落演替的实验

从静止状况到小水流,大水流的模拟水动力实验表明,水动力对湖泊生物群落演替重要作用,藻类种类数以大小流时最高,其生物量也最高,这与ＮＯ＾－／ＴＤＮ比值相一致,由静止状态到大小流状态,藻类数量呈现递增趋势,这与相应的ＴＤＮ／ＴＮ、ＴＤＰ／ＴＰ呈递减趋势相呼应,浮游动力物种类、数量的变化较之浮模特更明显,尤其是枝角类的变化更大,动力作用通过增加水体中悬浮质、降低透明度、改变水下光照条件及生物过程释放放营     

太湖水体中碱性磷酸酶的作用阈值

对不同ＰＯ＾３－４－Ｐ浓度下,不同粒级组分中碱性磷酸酶活性的分布及其变动规律的研究表明：（１）随着水体中ＰＯ＾３－４－Ｐ浓度的增加,水体中总碱性磷酸酶活性（ＴＡＰＡ）相应的减少（ｒ＝－０．５８６,ｎ＝５５）,水体中的ＴＡＰＡ增值,在ＰＯ＾３－４－Ｐ浓度范围为０－０．０１０ｍｇ．Ｌ＾－１,无显著差异;而当ＰＯ＾ ３－４－Ｐ浓度〉０．０１０ｍｇ．Ｌ＾－１时,差异极显著（Ｐ〈０．０１）,（２）水体中的碱     

太湖梅梁湾水动力及相关过程的研究

太湖是位于长江下游的一个大型水湖泊,水动力过程和要素对浅水湖泊的环境演化有着复杂和深远的影响,本文基于１９９８年开展的有关太湖梅梁湾的水动力过程的野外调查结果,总结了梅梁湾在夏季盛行风向条件下湖流特征,发现了梅梁湾在夏季偏南风条件下,表层湖流以顺时针环流为主要特征,但在湾内靠近梁溪河口地区,流场受地形影响而有所不同,反映在叶绿素浓度和总磷、总氮浓度分布上,因受湖流影响较大而富集在梁溪河口周转,即偏     

The study on the depositional styles of major ions and the climatic effect of nssSO_4~(2-)in Princess Elizabeth Land, Antarctica

Snow samples collected from a 50 m firn core and two snow pits along the route of the 1996/1997 Chinese First Antarctic Inland Traverse Expedition in Princess Elizabeth Land, East Antarctica, have been analyzed for chemical composition and oxygen isotope ratio. Analyzing the relationship between the concentration and flux of major ions and accumulation rate can draw the following conclusions. 1) The concentrations of major ions in the atmosphere in the study region is big enough so that the concentrations of the ions do not vary with snow accumulation rate, that is to say, the concentrations of major chemical species are independent of snow accumulation rate. 2) The results of analyzing the depositional styles of major chemical species suggest that wet deposition dominates the major ions flux. In addition, there is no apparent correlation between nssSO 2- 4 fluctuations and isotope profile. This would indicate the short-term climatic effect of volcanism is not evident in the region.     

新疆磁海铁矿床中辉石的研究与单斜辉石分类定名的多元三角图解法

一、磁海矿区单斜辉石的研究 在我国新疆磁海铁矿区的辉长岩、辉绿岩、闪长岩、辉石花岗岩、石榴石辉石岩及辉石岩等不同类型的岩石中,辉石广为发育。辉石主要属单斜辉石中的透辉石一钙铁辉石系列及普通辉石系列。 作者对上述辉石进行了物性、光性、化学成分、X光衍射、红外吸收光谱及穆氏谱测定。现将所获资料及认识分述如下: 1,辉石的物性、光性特征:产于矿区变质岩及岩浆岩中的辉石,均呈绿色或深绿色,在镜下多色性较明显。但其结晶形态不同:在岩浆岩中为他形或半自形,而在石榴石辉石岩及辉石岩中自形程度较高,呈短柱状和粒状(图版Ⅰ—照片1)。在变