A method of calculating the non‐linear seismic response of a building braced with viscoelastic dampers

Buildings are continually subject to dynamic loads, such as wind load, seismic ground motion, and even the load from internal utility machines. The recent trend of constructing more flexible high‐rise buildings underscores the importance of including viscoelastic dampers in building designs. Viscoelastic dampers are used to control the dynamic response of a building. If the seismic design is based only on the linear response spectrum, considerable error may occur when calculating the seismic response of a building; rubber viscoelastic dampers show non‐linear hysteretic damping that is quite different from viscous damping. This study generated a non‐linear response spectrum using a non‐linear oscillator model to simulate a building with viscoelastic dampers installed. The parameters used in the non‐linear damper model were obtained experimentally from dynamic loading tests. The results show that viscoelastic dampers effectively reduce the seismic displacement response of a structure, but transmit more seismic force to the structure, which essentially increases its seismic acceleration response. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

大型复杂结构的两阶段损伤诊断方法

综述了用于结构损伤识别的各种方法，提出了进行大型复杂结构损伤诊断所面临的问题，列出了已有的两步法的思路、方法，指出了需要研究的方向，为进行大型复杂结构的损伤诊断提供了参考。     

1605年琼山大地震余震分布质疑

1995年地震出版社出版的中国历史强震目录将1605年琼山大地震余震震中位置较以往版本作了大幅度变更.根据该震的历史资料,1966～1976年我国大陆发生的9次强震余震间距,东南沿海地震带6级以上强震的主震与余震位置关系,琼山大地震的发震构造等,我们认为变更琼山大地震余震位置依据不足.     

Large clusters of gold deposits and large-scale metallogenesis in the Jiaodong Peninsula, Eastern China

The Jiaodong Peninsula is the largest repository of gold in China based on the production in history. It covers less than 0.2% of China’s territory, but production of gold accounts for about one fourth of the whole country. Thus, the Jiaodong Peninsula is a typical area or case of large-scale metallogenesis and a large clusters of mineral deposits in China. It is characterized by the large clusters of gold deposits in large scale, high reserve and short mineralizing stage. In this study, we suggest that the eastern boundary of the large clusters of gold deposits is as same as that of North China Block, the gold deposits are hosted by Archean metamorphic rocks or Mesozoic granites, and the age of gold mineralization is 121.6 to 122.7 Ma. Gold and related ore-forming materials are derived from multisources, i.e. Archean metamorphic rocks, granites and intermediate-mafic dikes, especially, intermediate-mafic dikes and calc-alkaline granites. The metallogenic geodynamic process is constrained by the tectonic evolution of eastern North China Block during Late Mesozoic, and it is the result of the interaction between mantle and crust as the boundary plates are playing role on the block.     

岩溶地区长大隧道涌水灾害预测预报技术

对隧道岩溶灾害研究，前人曾做过大量细致的工作，但由于问题的复杂性，论述多停留在灾害的一般定性描述，距解决实际问题尚有较大差距，本文将重点研究长大隧道岩溶涌水等灾害的预测预报技术，文中简要介绍了岩溶地区长大隧道岩溶水的特殊性，分析了隧道涌水涌 泥及地表塌陷等灾害发生的规律。在此基础上提出以环境同位素技术，浅层反射波法，层析成像技术为主的结合化学动力学水文地质学理论的综合预测预报技术。     

粗粒料大三轴试验研究进展

目前，粗粒料的抗剪强度与变形特性表达式是在砂土特性研究基础上修改而得到的。实质上，粗粒料具有粒径大、沉陷变形小及颗粒破碎明显等特性而砂土相区别。因此，研究粗粒料工程特性与本构关系时应充分考虑这些固有特性。此外，粗粒料在高压、复杂应力状态及动荷载作用下的工程性质研究也有待加强。文中概括和总结了静力条件下粗粒料大三轴试验研究进展情况，包括抗剪强度、变形特性、本构模型及试验技术方面，并就其中的一些问题进行了讨论。     

Mantle plume,large igneous province and continental breakup——Additionally discussing the Cenozoic and Mesozoic mantle plume problems in East China

Based on the former workers study results such as numerical simulation of fluid mechanics,seismic tomography of the whole earth and igneous rocks,the basic characteristics of mantle plumes are summarized in detail,namely the mantle plume,from the D″layer near the core-mantle bouundary(CMB)of 2900 km deep,is characterized by the spape of large head and thin narrow conduit,by the physical property of high temperature and low viscosity.The LIP(large igneous province)is the best exhibition when the mantle plume ascends to the surface.According to the basic characteristics of the mantle plumes and the LIP,as well as the temporal-spatial relationships between the mantle plume and continental breakup,the detailed research on petrology,geochemistry,temporal-spatial distribution,tectonic background of the Cenozoic-Mesozoic igneous rocks and gravity anomaly distribution in East China has been done.As a result,the Mesozoic igneous rocks in Southeast China should not be regarded as an example of typical LIP related to mantle plumes.for their related characteristics are not consitent with those of the typical LIPs related to mantle plumes.The Cenozoic igneous rocks in Northeast China have no the typical characteristics of mantle plumes and hotspots,so the Cenozoic volcanism in Northeast China might have no the direct relationships with the activity of mantle plumes.     

Ni–Cu–(PGE) magmatic sulfide deposits in the Yangliuping area,Permian Emeishan igneous province,SW China

The Ni–Cu–PGE sulfide deposits in the Yangliuping area, SW China, are hosted in mafic–ultramafic sills. The four mineralized sills are located in the Yangliuping tectonic dome and intrude Devonian carbonaceous marble, graphitic schist. The sills are 200–300 m thick and 1,000–2,000 m in strike length and now consist chiefly of serpentinite, talc schist, tremolite schist, and meta-gabbro. Disseminated Ni–Cu sulfide mineralisation occurs in the serpentinite in the lower parts of the sills. Massive sulfide mineralisation is located in the base of the sills and in the footwall along fractures beneath the mineralized serpentinite. Although the sulfide ores have been modified by hydrothermal activity, there are relict cumulate textures in the disseminated sulfides indicating a magmatic origin for the ores. The Yangliuping Intrusions and the Dashibao Formation have similar primitive-mantle normalized trace element and platinum group element (PGE) patterns, indicating that they are derived from a common parental magma type. The positive correlation between Cu concentrations and Cu/Zr ratios of the Dashibao Formation basalts indicates that the chalcophile elements were removed before eruption. We propose that fractional crystallization of the Yangliuping magma accompanied by the introduction of S and CO₂ from the wall rocks caused the magma to become S-saturated leading to the segregation of magmatic sulfides that became enriched in Ni–Cu–(PGE). The sills acted as conduits for the overlying Dashibao Formation basalts with the sulfide liquid, along with early crystallizing olivine and pyroxene, segregating from the magma as it passed through the conduits prior to eruption.Editorial handling: H.E. Frimmel     

1867年以来中国新闻媒体公布地震信息简史及发展趋势(之二)

2　图说地震新闻报道的特点2 1　地震新闻报道的时间越来越快图 1是 1 86 7～ 2 0 0 3年期间 1 1 1次地震的新闻媒体首次公布时间与地震发生时间的间隔图。其中 1 86 7～ 1 987年地震为 6级以上。 1 988～ 2 0 0 3年包括部分 5级以上地震。图 1　新闻媒体公布时间与地震发生时间间隔图所谓“首次公布” ,是与地震救灾有关的。某次地震的新闻报道 ,仅仅是驻地感受到了地震而发出的报道 ,并不是“首次公布”。而必须涉及到震中区或者临近震中区的信息才能算“首次公布”。因为只有这类报道才对救灾有用处。这在地震的三要素(时间、地震震中、…     

考虑人体舒适度的大型火车站房楼盖振动控制研究

近年来,各地纷纷兴建大型火车站房,这类建筑中的楼盖大多为大跨、轻质和低阻尼结构,本文基于人体舒适度考虑,对这些大跨楼盖进行振动舒适度的分析。首先,建立某大型火车站房的整体有限元模型,研究这类建筑中大跨楼盖的振动特性;随后,对楼盖在各种不利工况人群荷载作用下的振动舒适度进行分析;最后,在已有研究的基础上,提出了大跨楼盖多重调谐质量阻尼器（Multiple Tuned Mass Dampers,简称MTMD）减振设计方法。结果表明,利用该方法设计MTMD减振系统,可以有效地控制大跨楼盖的竖向振动,各工况下的平均减振率可达34%,从而使结构在使用时满足人体舒适度的要求。