对称加载作用下单箱双室组合结构的剪滞效应特性与试验研究

对于箱型组合结构,由于应力分布不均,极易导致翼板及底板发生剪切变形,从而对结构安全不利。为了深入探讨单箱双室组合结构中剪滞效应的机理,根据该类结构的受力变形特点,建立混凝土翼板和单箱双室钢梁的纵向翘曲位移模式,得到了控制微分方程及其边界条件,并推导出了在对称荷载作用下单箱双室组合结构的应变及挠度的解析表达式。开展了室内足尺寸模型试验,与剪滞效应理论进行了对比研究,应变、挠度计算值的最大相对误差分别达到15.32%和16.97%。可为该类结构中剪滞效应研究及单箱双室组合结构的工程设计、后期加固提供一定的参考。     

Performance Comparison of Long-Wave Infrared Imaging Spectrometer Between Dyson Form and Offner Form

In view of the difficulties in traditional long-wave infrared imaging spectrometer which is hard to realize a high signal-to-noise ratio and miniaturization as well under the weak remote sensing signal,Offner convex grating spectrometer and Dyson concave grating spectrometer,both having concentric structure,are designed and analyzed in the band of 8-12 μm. The diffraction angle expressions of the two spectrometers are obtained and the diffraction characteristics are acquired. Both of the spectrometers are designed in Zemax environment under different F-numbers and different grating constants with the same slit,spatial resolution,spectral resolution and detector. The results show that Dyson grating spectrometer possesses the advantages of higher throughput and smaller volume, and Offner grating spectrometer possesses the advantage of more accessible material and the absence of chromatic aberration. The differences between Dyson form and Offner form show that the former is a better choice in the long-wave infrared imaging spectrometer.     

“火炬统计报表系统”中平衡关系在SQL Server中的实现

火炬统计报表系统中涉及的数据以及规则较多,为确保数据的完整性,通过对系统中各字段以及字段间数据平衡关系的分析,归纳出平衡关系的实际分类情形,详细介绍不同字段间数据平衡关系在SQL Server 2012中实现的方法。对数据库开发者有一定的指导意义。     

基于深度卷积神经网络的高光谱遥感图像分类

传统的高瀑布图像分类模型只考虑光谱特征信息,忽略了图像空间结构信息在分类中的重要作用。为提高高光谱遥感图像的分类精度,提出一种同时利用高瀑布图像的光谱信息和空间信息的深度卷积神经网络分类模型。通过对低层特征自动分层地学习来提取更加抽象的高层特征,提取的特征具有平移、缩放及其他形式扭曲等高度不变性;基于学习到的深度特征,用logistic回归分类器进行分类训练。高光谱数据实验结果表明,深度卷积神经网络模型能够提高高光谱遥感图像的分类精度,从而验证了深度卷积神经网络进行高瀑布图像分类的可行性和有效性。     

Optimization of uncertain acoustic metamaterial with Helmholtz resonators based on interval model

Uncertainties existing in the acoustic metamaterial may strongly affect its unusual properties. Aiming at this actuality, the interval model is introduced to treat with uncertainties existing in the acoustic metamaterial with Helmholtz resonators. Frequency intervals in which the sound intensity transmission coefficients are certainly less than the required value and the effective bulk moduli are certainly negative are defined as conservative approximations. Frequency intervals in which the sound intensity transmission coefficients may be less than the required value and the effective bulk moduli may be negative are defined as unsafe approximations. The proportion of the conservative approximation and the unsafe approximation is defined as an approximate precision. Based on the quantification of uncertainties of the sound intensity transmission coefficients and the negative effective bulk moduli, an optimization model for the interval acoustic metamaterial with Helmholtz resonators is constructed. Numerical results showed that even suffering from effects of interval parameters, unusual properties of the optimized acoustic metamaterial (such as the bandgap of the sound transmission and the negative effective bulk modulus) could be improved.     

流固耦合的多元结构深厚覆盖层透水地基的力学特性

深厚覆盖层多元结构坝基在渗流过程中各土层力学差异明显,分析时关注的具体问题也不尽相同,需要深入研究。基于比奥固结理论,考虑土体的非线性流变以及土体固结变形过程中孔隙度、渗透系数、弹性模量及泊松比的变化;借助ADINA流固耦合模块来模拟西藏达嘎水电站坝基渗流场与应力场耦合过程,分析各层力学特性及相互作用。研究表明,透水性较强的表层土体是渗流主要通道,也是渗流进出区和沉降变形体现区,应在上游采取措施提高其压缩模量,下游区域增设反滤层和排水设施;坝基中的粉细砂层是坝基沉降的主要原因,对坝基沉降起主导作用,同时应注意其液化特性对坝基的不利影响;坝基中的承压含水土层对下游上部结构产生向上顶托力,若位置较深,则破坏性较小;坝基深部土层对整个坝基的渗流破坏影响较小,但对沉降和渗流量的影响不可忽视;表层砂卵砾石层和粉细砂层的渗透系数相差较小时,土层间不会发生接触冲刷。此外,还发现坝基孔隙水压力在快速衰减阶段被消散,期间土体固结较快。垂直防渗墙能有效降低渗透坡降和渗流量,将坝基沉降变形控制在防渗墙上游区域,但上游坝基变形对防渗墙产生较大的水平推力,应加大防渗墙尺寸或者采用辅助渗控措施。     

Effect of wafer size on the film internal stress measurement by wafer curvature method

Wafer curvature method has been applied to determine the internal stress in the films using Stoney’s equation. During the film deposition, the wafer fixation on the sample holder will restrict the deformation of the rectangle-shaped wafer, which may result in the stress datum difference along length and width direction. In this paper, the effect of wafer size and the wafer fixation on the TiN film internal stress measured by wafer curvature method was discussed. The rectangle-shaped wafers with different length/width ratios (L/W=1:1, 2:1, 3:1 and 4:1) were fixed as a cantilever beam. After the TiN films deposition, the profiles of the film/wafer were measured using a stylus profilometer and then the internal stress was calculated using the Stoney equation in the film. The results showed that the fixed end of the wafers limited to some degree the curvature of the wafers along the width direction. For film internal stress measured by wafer curvature method, the wafer profile should be scanned along the length direction and the scan distance should be greater than or equal to half of wafer length. When the length/width ratio of the wafer reached 3:1, the wafer curvature and the calculated stress were basically the same at different positions along the length direction. For film internal stress measured by wafer curvature method, it was recommended that the length/width ratio of wafer should be considered to be greater than or equal to 3:1, and the deformed profile was scanned along the length direction.     

我国智慧城市发展现状与问题研究

目前我国智慧城市正处于试点推广阶段,还存在发展导向不明确、建设标准不统一等诸多理论和实践问题.为了更好地服务智慧城市的发展,基于城市结构和功能的再造理念,从城市规划、建设与管理的全过程进行阐释智慧城市的内容,分析智慧城市发展现状,针对智慧城市建设中存在的顶层设计缺位、城市管理效能低下等问题,提出加强一体化顶层设计、优化智慧城市发展环境等建议,从而为我国智慧城市的可持续发展提供参考.     

The Dynamical FSI Simulation for Bellows Inflating to Disperse Bomblets

According to the characteristics of fluid-structure interaction(FSI) in the process of metal bellows inflating to disperse bomblets,a 3D dynamical FSI model(W model) which describes the interaction between a viscous compressible flow and a structure undergoing large deformationis established.Then the dynamic characteristics of the metal bellows deformation, the changing law of the internal flow field and the motion law of the bombs are acquired.Where the internal pressure and bombs'' moving law are approximate to interior ballistic results, which indicates the W model established reasonably.Besides, considering gaps existing atthe bellows'' tow ends, the dynamical FSI modelcontaining gaps(Y model) is also built.The results of the W and Y models are compared and the results show that the existence of the gaps has little influence to the flow field and the stress distributionin the bellows,but obviously reduces the separation speed of the bomblets about 10%.     

群策式智能多联机末端在大学教学楼的设计应用与分析

建筑能耗占全国能耗比重较大,中央空调在公共建筑中使用广泛,滥用无管理使得公共建筑夏季空调能耗很高。本文针对大学中多联机中央空调系统以末端智能调控系统控制策略方向为目的进行基于群策控制智能末端控制改造,达到节能的目的。通过单片机对空调控制面板进行电信号控制,数据判断及传输通过总服务器进行计算。控制方式采用自动控制与群策相结合,由微信公众号进行查询及发送命令,通过网络传输和数据库相连。数据库录入空调系统使用教室信息、工作及学习时段表等相关数据。从调研、设计、模拟来看,节能效果显著,最理想节能量可达84%,在调研过程中大部分学生对此可接受。