Peculiar Behavior of Degenerative Chain Transfer Polymerization of a Phosphonated Methacrylate

Living/controlled radical polymerization of dimethyl(methacryloyloxy)methyl phosphonate (MAPC₁) has been attempted using degenerative transfer to produce block copolymers. RAFT polymerization of this monomer is sensitive to very low level of oxygen and in any case limited to low monomer conversion. Reverse iodine transfer polymerization (RITP) leads to higher monomer conversion with a limited amount of living polymer (55% by ¹H NMR), precluding an efficient synthesis of block copolymers. A PMMA‐b‐PMAPC₁ diblock copolymer was therefore synthesized by iodine transfer polymerization (ITP) of MAPC₁ from a PMMA‐I macro‐chain transfer agent prepared by RITP. The diblock copolymer, purified by selective precipitation, contains an average of five MAPC₁ units and has potential an adhesive and as a corrosion inhibitor.

     

碘与人体健康

本文综述了碘对人体的生理作用及过量食用碘的危害。碘是人体必需的营养元素,能促进其生长发育。碘缺乏或过量都会使人甲状腺功能减退,智力低下。所以人们在补充碘的同时,要注意避免过量的碘对人体健康造成的伤害。     

邹城市小学生碘缺乏病健康教育效果评价

目的了解碘缺乏病区目标人群碘缺乏病相关防治知识掌握程度。方法采取随机抽样方法抽取部分在校小学生共1587人,采用统一的问卷调查表对该人群碘缺乏病知识进行调查,将结果与2000年调查结果比较。结果在校小学生碘缺乏病知识平均得分为84.8分,及格率为88.2%。城市与农村小学生的相关知识普及率分别为77.0%、69.2%。与2000年调查结果相比,在校小学生碘缺乏病相关知识知晓率提高明显。结论2008年小学生碘缺乏病知识与2000年比较有明显提高,但仍有部分知识掌握得不好,需要继续巩固和提高在校小学生的碘缺乏病健康教育效果,尤其加强农村小学生的碘缺乏知识健康教育。     

河北省吴桥县8～10岁儿童碘营养状况调查研究

目的了解河北省吴桥县8～10岁儿童碘营养状况。方法对吴桥县1209名8～10岁儿童进行甲状腺触诊,对584名儿童采集尿样,尿碘的测定采用过硫酸铵消化-砷铈催化分光光度测定,采集250份居民户食用盐样,食用盐中碘含量的测定采用直接滴定法。结果共发现74例甲状腺肿大者,肿大率为6.1%。尿碘中位数为208.36μg/L,每人每天碘摄入量为312.54μg/d。尿样中尿碘<50μg/L的样本占总检测数的4.6%,尿碘<100μg/L的样本占总检测数的18.5%,尿碘在200～299μg/L的样本占总检测数的27.2%,尿碘≥300μg/L的样本占总检测数的26.5%。盐碘中位数为26.96mg/kg,碘盐覆盖率为77%、碘盐合格率为94%、合格碘盐食用率为72%。结论吴桥县的甲状腺肿属于地方性的,该县儿童尿碘水平超过了适宜范围,存在碘营养过剩。     

~(131)I SPECT/CT断层融合显像在分化型甲状腺癌中的临床价值

目的：探讨131^I SPECT/CT断层融合显像在分化型甲状腺癌诊治检测中的临床价值。材料和方法：选择术后病理证实并接受131^I治疗的分化型甲状腺癌（DTC）患者97例,行131^I全身扫描（131^I-WBS）和病灶部位的SPECT断层加同机CT融合显像。将131^I-WBS与断层融合图像进行对比分析,探讨断层融合显像的特点与临床价值。结果：97例分化型甲癌患者共进行131^I-WBS251次,断层融合显像102次,每例患者至少行一次断层融合显像。与131^I-WBS比较,断层融合显像有如下特点：能够获得直观的断层融合显像和三维立体图像;②发现更多的病灶;③更准确地判断病变部位;④定位CT可以发现无摄碘功能的病灶;⑤鉴别病灶和生理显影或污染。结论：131^I SPECT/CT断层融合显像可以直观病变立体形态、大小、摄取程度和毗邻关系,在鉴别病灶与生理显像或污染、确定病灶是否有摄碘功能方面有重要价值,是131^I-WBS的重要补充。     

hNIS基因转染介导碘-131杀伤肝癌细胞的研究

目的 将hNIS基因转染到肝癌细胞使其具备主动吸收碘的功能,观察转基因肝癌细胞吸收碘的能力,并进一步观察其介导放射性碘杀伤肝癌细胞的可能性。方法 重组含有hNIS的载体,并转染至肝癌细胞HepG2,利用稳定表达的转基因肝癌细胞进行吸碘能力测定,并应用MTT法测定碘-131杀伤肝癌细胞的效果。结果 γ计数仪测定表达hNIS基因的肝癌细胞吸收碘的能力比对照组高10倍,MTT法测定结果显示表达hNIS基因的肝癌细胞抑制率明显高于对照组。结论 转基因肝癌细胞具有浓聚碘的能力,并且可以介导碘-131杀伤肝癌细胞。     

2009年乐山市碘缺乏病监测结果分析

目的了解乐山市实现消除碘缺乏病目标的进程,为进一步采取有效防控措施提供依据。方法在所辖的11个县(市、区)分别按东、西、南、北、中5个方位分区后抽取对象,共调查4400名8~10岁儿童的甲状腺肿大率(触诊法)、1100份尿碘、3180份盐碘。结果 8~10岁儿童甲状腺肿大率为2.21%,尿碘中位数为206.4μg/L,小于50μg/L仅占1.45%,居民户合格碘盐食用率为97.23%。结论乐山市在2009年实现消除碘缺乏病的目标,碘缺乏病防治工作取得了阶段性的成果。     

高水碘摄入对成人空腹血糖影响的探讨

Objective:To investigate the blood glucose level in different iodine status, then explore the impact of excess-iodine-intake on fasting blood-glucose. Methods:Adults were chosen from Haixing County in Cangzhou, Hebei. Llimosis morning-urinary and venous blood were collected to measure the levels of urinary iodine. Chemilu-minescent immunoassay was used to perform free triiodothyronine (FT₃), free thyroxine (FT₄), and sensitive thyroid-stimulating hormone (sTSH) in serum. Fasting blood-glucose was also measured by glucometer. Results:The median of water iodine in the excess-iodine-intake area (841.4 μg/L) was higher than that in the control area (12.79 μg/L, P<0.05). For adults’ urine iodine, the excess-iodine-intake area was higher(P<0.05), with the value of 1 137.3（646.8～1 450.8）μg/L vs 216.6（146.5～366.9）μg/L. The level of FT₃ in the excess-iodine-intake area was lower (P<0.05), with the value of （4.72±0.48） pmol/L vs （4.96±0.36）pmol/L. No significant difference was found in the FT₄ level in the areas. The median of sTSH in the excess-iodine-intake area was higher than that in the control area, with the value of（3.07±2.17）μIU/ mL vs （2.30±1.07） μIU/mL . And the prevalence of thyroid disease in the excess-iodine-intake area was higher, with 43(22.75%) vs 8(10.13%). No significant difference in the level of the fasting blood-glucose was found in the areas (P>0.05). Age and FT₄ were found positively correlated with fasting blood-glucose by correlation analysis（r=0.258,P<0.001; r=0.154,P=0.013）, while the others were not related. Conclusion:Difference in fasting blood-glucose in water-iodine-excess area and the control area does not exist. Yet further study should be taken in a larger population-based epidemiological investigation to confirm the effects of excess-iodine-intake on glucose.      

2011-2014年常州市重点人群碘营养监测结果分析

摘要:目的　分析2011-2014年常州市重点人群碘营养的变化情况,为科学防治碘缺乏病提供依据。方法　2011-2014年在相关区县开展人群碘营养监测,检查学龄儿童甲状腺,检测学龄儿童、育龄妇女尿中碘浓度和家中食盐碘含量。结果　2011-2014年全市学龄儿童甲状腺肿大率分别为0（0/500）、0.1%（1/1 400）、0（0/750）、0.2%（2/1000）。2011-2014年,盐碘均数分别为31.07 mg/kg、25.86 mg/kg、24.87 mg/kg、26.71 mg/kg;盐碘含量在18～33 mg/kg的频率分别为72.5%、88.6%、94.9%、90.5%。2011-2014年学龄儿童尿碘中位数分别为244.80 μg/L、225.57 μg/L、198.31 μg/L、154.23 μg/L,逐渐下降;尿碘值在100～199 μg/L的分别占29.0%、30.7%、42.7%、43.8%,逐渐升高。育龄妇女尿碘中位数分别为220.80 μg/L、160.40 μg/L、180.12 μg/L、116.26 μg/L,呈下降趋势;尿碘值在100～199 μg/L的分别占31.0%、43.9%、50.0%、43.0%。结论　2012年盐碘含量调整后,常州市学龄儿童、育龄妇女的尿碘水平呈下降趋势,今后应进一步加强重点人群碘营养监测。