碱性蛋白酶Alcalase凝固豆乳过程的流变学特性变化

在Alcalase凝固豆乳过程中pH值下降程度小于0.2,SDS-PAGE电泳表明大豆蛋白质各亚基在凝固过程中均降解为8～14 Ku的肽段,说明大豆蛋白的部分降解可能是Alcalase凝固豆乳的根本原因.对Alcalase与盐类凝固剂氯化镁和氯化钙凝固豆乳的主要流变学性质比较发现,Alcalase凝固豆乳的硬度比盐类凝固剂大,凝胶强度比盐类凝固剂低,粘附性比盐类凝固剂高10倍以上,使凝胶较粘,乳清不易排出.     

临近空间多普勒激光雷达技术及其应用（特邀）

研制了车载钠荧光散射多普勒激光雷达和车载532 nm瑞利散射多普勒激光雷达用于测量临近空间大气温度和风场。在钠荧光散射多普勒激光雷达中使用了三频比率多普勒测量方法获得80~100 km的温度和风场。在532 nm瑞利散射多普勒激光雷达中,使用碘分子吸收线边缘技术测量70 km 以下的风场,使用积分方法测量80 km以下的温度。在距离分辨率为1 km、时间分辨率为1 h情况下,40 km处的大气温度、风速测量不确定度约为0.2 K和0.4 m/s;70 km处约为1.5 K和5.5 m/s;92 km处约为0.3 K和1.0 m/s。这两部激光雷达已经在北京、青海、甘肃等地进行了长期观测,应用于临近空间环境特性研究。     

基于Toeplitz矩阵特征值分解的SAR图像舰船目标检测方法

合成孔径雷达（SAR）图像舰船目标检测一直是海洋监测领域的重要手段。经典的恒虚警率（CFAR）检测依赖于分布模型及多参数的准确估计,难以适应复杂多变的海面背景。新兴的信息几何舰船检测方法挖掘了目标与杂波的统计差异,实现舰船的显著性表示,但依然受限于背景杂波的精确建模。考虑到现有方法的局限性,本文提出了一种基于Toeplitz矩阵特征值分解的SAR图像舰船目标检测算法。在无需寻求背景杂波分布模型的前提下,通过构建Toeplitz矩阵,以其特征值均值为检验统计量,充分获取目标与背景杂波的差异。在高分三号卫星和TerraSAR-X卫星实测SAR图像上的实验结果证明,相比于现有的多种典型方法,本文方法取得了更优的检测性能与更快的计算速度。      

光栅选线TEA CO2激光快速调谐实验研究

研制了一种新型的采用直驱交流伺服电机的光栅选线TEA CO2激光器快速调谐系统,进行了一系列实验研究,包括系统调试实验、单脉冲运转调谐实验和快速调谐实验。实验共得到85条调谐输出谱线，单脉冲能量超过10 J的有18条谱线；在动态快速触发情况下，分别在60 ms和20 ms内实现了整个CO2激光光谱范围任意两条谱线和同一个跃迁带内相邻两条谱线的快速调谐输出。该方法可应用于高功率、大范围可调谐TEA CO2激光器的快速调谐，对高功率高重复频率可调谐TEA CO2激光器研制中的快速调谐输出设计具有较高的参考价值。     

A novel SINR and mutual information based radar jamming technique

The improvements of anti-jamming performance of modem radar seeker are great threats to military targets. To protect the target from detection and estimation, the novel signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio （SINR）-based and mutual information （Ml）-based jamming design techniques were proposed. To interfere with the target detection, the jamming was designed to minimize the S1NR of the radar seeker. To impair the estimation performance, the mutual information between the radar echo and the random target impulse response was used as the criterion. The spectral of optimal jamming under the two criteria were achieved with the power constraints. Simulation results show the effectiveness of the jamming techniques. SINR and MI of the SINR-based jamming, the MI-based jamming as well as the predefined jamming under the same power constraints were compared. Furthermore, the probability of detection and minimum mean-square error （MMSE） were also utilized to validate the jamming performance. Under the jamming power constraint of I W, the relative decrease of the probability of detection using S1NR-based optimal jamming is about 47%, and the relative increase of MMSE using Ml-based optimal jamming is about 8%. Besides, two useful jamming design principles are concluded which can be used in limited jamming power situations.     

An adaptive waveform-detection threshold joint optimization method for target tracking

The joint optimization of detection threshold and waveform parameters for target tracking which comes from the idea of cognitive radar is investigated for the modified probabilistic data association （MPDA） filter. The transmitted waveforms and detection threshold are adaptively selected to enhance the tracking performance. The modified Riccati equation is adopted to predict the error covariance which is used as the criterion function, while the optimization problem is solved through the genetic algorithm （GA）. The detection probability, false alarm probability and measurement noise covariance are all considered together, which significantly improves the tracking performance of the joint detection and tracking system. Simulation results show that the proposed adaptive waveform-detection threshold joint optimization method outperforms the adaptive threshold method and the fixed parameters method, which will reduce the tracking error. The average reduction of range error between the adaptive joint method and the fixed parameters method is about 0.6 m, while that between the adaptive joint method and the adaptive threshold only method is about 0.3 m. Similar error reduction occurs for the velocity error and acceleration error.     

基于MATLAB的CO2 激光光斑质量鉴别技术

针对光栅调谐TEA CO2 激光器,为了得到良好的光斑质量,利用红外热像仪、图像采 集卡、直驱交流伺服电机和计算机建立了一套光斑鉴别系统,并通过实验成功地实现了对CO2激光光斑质量的鉴别。     

中层顶准单色重力波特性的钠荧光多普勒激光雷达观测分析

利用2011~2013年期间60 h的钠荧光多普勒激光雷达温度和风场数据,采用矢端曲线法提取廊坊上空85~95 km中层顶区域准单色惯性重力波的所有参量,并统计准单色大气重力波的活动特性。获得的85次准单色重力波事件中,上传（下传）重力波64次（21次）,占总数的75。29%（24。71%）。垂直波长（水平波长）和观测周期平均值分别为6。6 km（727。8 km）和7。4 h,分别集中在6~9 km（200~800 km）和2~7 h,固有周期平均值为7。76 h,主要集中在3~9 h,水平传播方向分布比较均匀,没有占主导的传播方向。对于上传重力波,水平背景风在大气重力波水平传播方向上的分量取正值和取负值的概率大致相等,但对于下传重力波,该风场分量取正值的概率大约是取负值的2倍,说明观测到的下传大气重力波在中层顶区域多为顺风传播。     

基于PLC与触摸屏的工业搬运机械手控制系统设计

为了提高工业自动线中工件的搬运效率,设计了五自由度搬运机械手控制系统。基于机械手的结构与功能,详细介绍了该机械手的硬件设计与软件编程思路。该系统以S7-200PLC为控制核心,Smart700IE作为监控界面。其运行结果表明,系统具有操作简单、运行稳定可靠、可视化等优点,不仅能够有效提高机械手的生产效率和自动化程度,还可实现运行过程的自动监控,具有较好的应用前景。     

铸造铝硅合金的直接熔炼

通过对铝硅合金直接熔炼的研究，说明了铝硅合金直接熔炼的优点及操作的可行性，并指明了操作中应注意的问题。