复杂背景中条码图像识别关键算法的研究

研究了复杂背景图片中条码的定位及识别技术.通过特征提取、形态学的方法在低分辨率图像中对条码进行粗定位,以粗定位的结果为研究对象,采用边缘提取及灰度投影的方法对条码进行精确定位.提出了一种新的二值化算法,算法利用条码的固有特征得到图像的全局信息,利用全局与局部相结合的方法获取子图像块的最优阈值.实验结果表明,本文算法能有效地去除复杂背景对条码识别的影响,且算法具有较低的复杂度,能在嵌入式平台上实时运行.     

基于数学形态学的鞋楦特征曲线骨架的提取方法

利用数学形态学方法提取出特征曲线带的骨架,并将提取的特征曲线用于鞋楦模型的重建。先利用已标定相机拍摄多幅图像,将图像去噪、提取特征曲线骨架后,再重建出鞋楦的三维模型。实验结果表明,利用该方法重建的鞋楦模型达到了实际生产要求,且重建所需设备比较经济。     

Effect of thermal aging on the fatigue crack growth behavior of cast duplex stainless steels

The effect of thermal aging on the fatigue crack growth (FCG) behavior of Z3CN20-09M cast duplex stainless steel with low ferrite content was investigated in this study. The crack surfaces and crack growth paths were analyzed to clarify the FCG mechanisms. The microstructure and micromechanical properties before and after thermal aging were also studied. Spinodal decomposition in the aged ferrite phase led to an increase in the hardness and a decrease in the plastic deformation capacity, whereas the hardness and plastic deformation capacity of the austenite phase were almost unchanged after thermal aging. The aged material exhibited a better FCG resistance than the unaged material in the near-threshold regime because of the increased roughness-induced crack closure associated with the tortuous crack path and rougher fracture surface; however, the tendency was reversed in the Paris regime because of the cleavage fracture in the aged ferrite phases.     

Morphology,size and distribution of MnS inclusions in non-quenched and tempered steel during heat treatment

This article reports the morphology, size, and distribution evolution of MnS inclusions in non-quenched and tempered steel during heat treatment. The variation of single large-sized MnS inclusions at high temperature was observed in situ using a confocal scanning laser microscope (CSLM). The slender MnS inclusions first changed to pearl-like strings. These small-sized pearls subsequently coalesced and became closer together as the temperature increased. Large-sized MnS inclusions in non-quenched and tempered steel samples with different thermal histories were investigated with respect to the evolution of their morphology, size, and distribution. After 30 min of ovulation at 1573 K, the percentage of MnS inclusions larger than 3 μm decreased from 50.5% to 3.0%. After a 3 h soaking period, Ostwald ripening occurred. Most MnS inclusions moved from the grain boundaries to the interior. The present study demonstrates that heat treatment is an effective method of changing the morphology, size, and distribution of MnS inclusions, especially large-sized ones.     

淹水处理下杨树不同无性系苗木根系形态变化

【目的】了解淹水处理下不同杨树无性系苗木根系的形态变化规律,揭示杨树对淹水胁迫的根系适应策略,为筛选耐水的杨树无性系提供依据。【方法】选用3804杨、1388杨、895杨、110杨和328杨5个杨树无性系,设置对照、渍水和淹水3种处理,测定苗木根系的生物量、长度、数量、表面积、体积等指标。【结果】①渍水处理下杨树根生物量与对照无显著差异,但淹水处理下的根生物量却显著小于对照。②渍水和淹水处理下的多数杨树无性系苗木一级根数量与对照之间没有显著差异,但总根长、总根投影面积、总根表面积和总根体积却大于对照。③与对照相比,渍水和淹水处理下的杨树苗木根系平均直径有所减小,但根尖数、分叉数和交叉数却增大。④主成分分析提取出的2个主成分累积贡献率为88.58%,可较好地反映杨树苗木根系形态特征。【结论】隶属函数法分析表明,在渍水处理下5个杨树无性系根系形态表现的优劣顺序是1388杨>895杨>3804杨>110杨>328杨;在淹水处理下的优劣顺序是1388杨>895杨>110杨>328杨>3804杨。所以,从根系形态表现看,1388杨和895杨的耐水性较强。     

增容剂mPOE含量对R-PET/LLDPE共混物结构与性能的影响

采用反应挤出加工工艺,以甲基丙烯酸环氧丙酯接枝改性乙烯-辛烯共聚物(mPOE)为增容剂,对回收聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(R-PET)与线性密度聚乙烯(LLDPE)共混物进行增容增韧改性,考察了增容剂mPOE用量对R-PET/LLDPE/mPOE共混物的相结构、力学性能以及熔融、结晶行为的影响.扫描电镜(SEM)结果表明:R-PET/LLDPE/mPOE共混物中分散相的粒径和粒间距随着mPOE含量的增加而迅速减小; 而当增容剂的添加质量分数大于5%后,分散相粒径大小与粒间距的变化趋于减小.力学性能测试表明:R-PET/LLDPE/mPOE共混物的断裂伸长率和缺口冲击强度随着mPOE含量的增大先迅速增大,后变化趋缓.DSC结果表明:R-PET/LLDPE/mPOE共混物随着mPOE含量的增加,分散相粒子对R-PET结晶的成核效果降低.     

酸角及3个甜角品种的果实形态特征及营养成分分析

酸角( Tamarindus indica Linn.)属苏木科酸豆属常绿乔木,其果实是一种热带水果,可鲜食或加工成饮料和其它食品,甜角是酸角的变异类型,以味甜区别于酸角.作者以产于我国云南元江县的酸角及从泰国引种的3个甜角品种为研究对象,对比分析了它们的果实形态及果实的蛋白质、总酸、总糖、主要维生素、主要矿质元素含量及糖酸比.结果显示:3个甜角品种的果实较大,果肉含量较高;酸角和甜角总酸、总糖及主要矿质元素的含量较高,酸角总酸和总糖质量分数为11.6%和47.4%,甜角的总酸和总糖质量分数最低的为3.1%和57%,镁、铁、锌和钙的质量比分别都达到了22.8,1.3,0.28 mg/100 g和78.6 mg/100 g以上;酸角和甜角在维生素C、总糖、总酸的含量上差异明显.这些将为酸角和甜角的推广及加工利用提供科学依据.     

铁兰属5种植物花粉微形态的扫描电镜观察

在扫描电子显微镜下观察了5种铁兰属植物花粉的微形态,结果表明：铁兰属植物花粉的微形态具有一定的共性,即都具有1个萌发沟,花粉外壁都具网纹纹饰,说明铁兰属植物是自然类群中较进化的类群。根据花粉形状的不同,推测松萝铁兰(Tillandsia usneoides)可能是铁兰属中较原始的种。铁兰属不同种在花粉大小、网孔形状、网孔间距等情况有较大的差异,这些花粉表面微观形态的差异可为种的分类提供依据。