氨合成塔支撑结构比较与挂式支座有限元分析简

氨合成塔设备庞大,重量大。对于承受重量、风载荷、地震载荷作用下挂式支座,现有标准没有成熟的计算方法;本文通过对焊接裙座和挂式支座对比,利用ANSYS对这种结构支座建立了有限元模型,使用MPC法加载后对结构支座进行了整体应力分析和焊缝应力分析,给出了相应部位的应力分布图,为做类似产品的设计者提供参考借鉴。     

云龙天池水库季节性蓝绿藻水华成因及其对水质的影响研究

全球变暖背景下湖库发生蓝绿藻水华的成因及其对水质的影响是充满争议的热点环境问题。云龙天池水库是云龙天池国家级自然保护区的主要水源地,开展其水质变化研究具有重要战略意义。本研究利用多参数水质监测浮标系统(AMT—FB301)对该水库开展了连续四个月(2022.1.14—5.11)的高分辨率(时间间隔30 s)蓝绿藻和水质监测工作。结果显示,蓝绿藻在3月早春时节发生水华现象。在月间、月际和日际尺度上,水体中的氨氮含量均与蓝绿藻丰度高度正相关,表明在这类尚未发生明显富营养化的水体中,营养条件仍然是调控蓝绿藻水华发生的最主要因素。突然的升温也可能成为诱发蓝绿藻暴发的关键因素,但充足的营养供应是前提条件。蓝绿藻水华的发生导致了水库的水质明显下降(浊度增加,溶解氧降低)。所以,在未来持续升温背景下,控制外源营养输入仍然是改善这类水库水质和防控蓝绿藻水华发生的最有效途径。     

天然气蒸汽转化合成氨厂制乙二醇改造分析

以300kt/a规模的天然气蒸汽转化制合成氨装置为例,分析通过改造制乙二醇合成气的可行性,确认改造的重点及难点在于天燃气蒸汽转化部分的改造,通过计算对比,确定改造的工艺流程及方案,分析实际工程改造的难点,从而满足同时供氢气及供乙二醇的需求,实现多联产.     

流光放电氨法脱硫技术在工程中的应用

介绍了流光放电氨法脱硫技术的原理、工艺流程、特点及在某燃煤电厂烟气脱硫工程中的应用。运行结果非常成功,脱硫率达到96.0%~99.9%,副产品硫酸铵作为化肥外销。由于在脱硫后增设了电除雾器,解决了尾气氨逃逸、气溶胶烟羽、酸雾超标问题。     

焦炉煤气制尿素工艺中合成气不足的解决方案

简述了剩余焦炉煤气综合利用的途径,分析了在不同结焦时间下的合成气量分配情况,针对由于结焦时间较长低负荷工况下出现合成气量不足的情况提出了解决措施,根据提出的解决措施制定了设想工艺方案,采用UGI炉气化技术工艺造气来解决合成气不足的问题较为现实,整体工艺方案的预计投资约1000万元。     

氯氨供气管路积液问题分析与应对

针对正压加氨浮子堵塞问题,进行了加氨管线温度检测和氨气性质分析。结果表明,加氨管线中氨气受温度和压力影响再次液化是堵塞加氨浮子的原因,根据堵塞原因采取了一系列控制措施,并对水厂加氨（氯）管线的设计和安装需要注意的问题提出了建议。     

Radiation Treatment of Exhaust Gases, (XIII)

The NH³ consumption by electron beam irradiation has been studied in the moist NO-SO²-O²-N² mixtures containing NH³. The [NH³] decreased linearly with increasing dose at various NH³ initial concentrations. The G(-NH³) increased with NH³ concentration up to about 500 ppm and was held almost constant G(-NH³)=5.8 at 750 ppm NH³) above it. The rate of the NH³ consumption was about 175 ppm/Mrad above 500 ppm NH³ The G(-NH³) increased with H20 and SO² concentrations. On the contrary, the G(-NH³) decreased with increasing NO concentration and was hardly affected by the presence of 3–19.5% O². The G(-NH³) became larger with decreasing temperature in the range of 80–150°C. An apparent activation energy of the NH³ consumption was ?3.82 kcal/mol. The NH³ is mainly consumed by the reactions of NH³ with HNO³ and H²SO⁴, leading to the formations of NH⁴NO³ and (NH⁴)²SO⁴ respectively     

Oxidation State Modulation of Bismuth for Efficient Electrocatalytic Nitrogen Reduction to Ammonia

Electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) is a promising strategy for ammonia (NH₃) production under ambient conditions. However, it is severely impeded by the challenging activation of the NN bond and the competing hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), which makes it crucial to design electrocatalysts rationally for efficient NRR. Herein, the rational design of bismuth (Bi) nanoparticles with different oxidation states embedded in carbon nanosheets (Bi@C) as efficient NRR electrocatalysts is reported. The NRR performance of Bi@C improves with the increase of Bi⁰/Bi³⁺ atomic ratios, indicating that the oxidation state of Bi plays a significant role in electrochemical ammonia synthesis. As a result, the Bi@C nanosheets annealed at 900  ° C with the optimal oxidation state of Bi demonstrate the best NRR performance with a high NH₃ yield rate and remarkable Faradaic efficiency of 15.10  ± 0.43% at − 0.4 V versus RHE. Density functional theory calculations reveal that the effective modulation of the oxidation state of Bi can tune the p-filling of active Bi sites and strengthen adsorption of *NNH, which boost the potential-determining step and facilitate the electrocatalytic NRR under ambient conditions. This work may offer valuable insights into the rational material design by modulating oxidation states for efficient electrocatalysis.     

Modeling and performance analysis of an absorption chiller with a microchannel membrane‐based absorber using LiBr‐H2O,LiCl‐H2O,and LiNO3‐NH3

In order to develop compact absorption refrigeration cycles driven by low heat sources, the simulated performance of a microchannel absorber of 5‐cm length and 9.5 cm³ in volume provided with a porous membrane is presented for 3 different solution‐refrigerant pairs: LiBr‐H₂O, LiCl‐H₂O, and LiNO₃‐NH₃. The high absorption rates calculated for the 3 solutions lead to large cooling effect to absorber volume ratios: 625 kW/m³ for the LiNO₃‐NH₃, 552 kW/m³ for the LiBr‐H₂O, and 318 kW/m³ for the LiCl‐H₂O solutions given the studied geometry. The performance of a complete absorption system is also analyzed varying the solution concentration, condensation temperature, and desorption temperature. The LiNO₃‐NH₃ and the LiBr‐H₂O solutions provide the largest cooling effects. The LiNO₃‐NH₃ can work at a lower temperature of the heating source, in comparison with the one needed in a LiBr‐H₂O system. The lowest cooling effect and coefficient of performance are found for the LiCl‐H₂O solution, but this mixture allows the use of lower temperature heating sources (below 70°C). These results can be used for the selection of the most suitable solution for a given cooling duty, depending on the available heat source and condensation temperature.