三氯化铁和硫酸亚铁除砷的比较研究

分别采用三氯化铁和硫酸亚铁作为化学沉淀除砷药剂,比较研究了三氯化铁和硫酸亚铁处理高浓度模拟含砷（V）废水的工艺条件。试验结果表明,在最佳条件下三氯化铁砷去除率为99．92％,硫酸亚铁的砷去除率为99．97％;三氯化铁的用量少且产生的含砷沉淀物也较少。但由于三氯化铁中氯离子较高,导致滤液中氯离子严重超标,不利于废水的达标排放。因此,硫酸亚铁更适合处理工业高浓度含砷废水。     

全光谱法COD测量仪在水质监测中的应用

传统的COD测量方法需要消耗大量的化学试剂,容易对环境产生二次污染,测试成本高,而且难以实现在线自动检测。是能公司研制的全光谱法COD在线水质监测仪可在无人干预的情况下完成自动清洗、测试和数据处理等操作,本文将从用户的角度对其各方面性能进行考察,实际测量了烟台市内的部分湖水和河水样品,并与实验室的测试结果进行对比。实验结果证明,该仪器无需任何化学试剂,线性范围宽(0～160 mg/L),检出限低(0.36 mg/L),测定速度快(30 s/样),精密度好,满足国内在线检测仪器的各项指标,可以实现在线实时监测。     

硫铁矿烧渣水热法制备氧化铁红颜料工艺研究

在以硫铁矿烧渣为原料、氨水为沉淀剂水热法制备氧化铁红颜料试验中,研究了总铁含量、反应温度、反应时间、pH值及n（Fe~（2＋））/n（Fe~（3＋））等因素对氧化铁红Fe_2O_3含量和颜色色相的影响。研究表明,在总铁含量2.0 mol/L、反应温度200℃、反应时间0.5 h、pH=7～8和n（Fe~（2＋））/n（Fe~（3＋））=0.11的条件下,可以获得高性能鲜红色氧化铁红颜料,并对氧化铁红产品进行XRD和SEM表征,产品质量符合国家标准要求。     

土卡河水电站泄洪消能设计

云南土卡河水电站是一个中型水电工程,拦河坝为碾压混凝土重力坝。在参考国内中型水电站的泄洪消能设计经验后,结合土卡河的洪水、地质条件、尾水条件及枢纽布置特点,在施工详图阶段,对枢纽的泄洪消能方式进行了优化,采取了台阶式溢流坝面加平尾墩及戽式消力池方案,水工模型试验表明该方案是合理的。     

Divertor Experiments with MBI and Strong Gas Puffing on HL-2A

In the HL-2A 2004 experiment campaign, pulsed molecular beam injection （MBI） and strong hydrogen gas puffing under the divertor configuration were used for gas fueling. The experimental results show that the MBI of hydrogen can reduce the heat flux to the divertor target plate. The electron temperature measured by the Langmuir probe array decreases significantly during the injection of the molecular beam whereas the electron density increases. This indicates that the plasma pressure near the target plates tends to be constant at a new equilibrium level. In the divertor plasmas with strong hydrogen gas puffing a high plasma density up to 4.4 × 10^19 m^-3 was achieved. In addition, a phenomenon similar to the partially detached divertor regime was observed, which is being studied in open divertor tokamaks such as DIII-D to reduce the peak heat flux on the target plates near the separatrix. After a strong gas puffing the electron temperature measured on the outer divertor target plate near the separatrix decreases till below 5 eV or even lower, but that of the farther outer divertor target plate does not change obviously; and the CIII and the Ha emissions at the plasma edge decrease as expected, but the Ha emission near the Xpoint increases. These results reflects some interesting characteristics, which needs to be studied by further modeling and experiments.     

电力电缆及终端接头劣化修复技术研究进展

电力电缆因具有占地面积少、线路损耗小等优点而被广泛应用于电力传输领域，其绝缘性能对供电可靠性有着极其重要的影响。在电场、温度、应力等因素的作用下，电力电缆及终端接头不可避免地会出现绝缘缺陷，劣化修复技术主要是在缺陷出现后能够快速、准确地对绝缘缺陷进行修复的方法。对此，阐述了电力电缆及终端接头的劣化原因，介绍了温度、机械应力、施加电压、空间电荷注入、污秽积累等因素对电力电缆及终端接头劣化的影响机理及规律。总结了目前常见的电力电缆及终端接头的修复技术并说明了各自的应用范围和优缺点，并针对电缆劣化机理、劣化修复技术和终端接头修复技术等方面提出相关建议。     

Numerical Calculation of the Attenuation of Neutral Beam Injection on HL-2A

The arrangement of the neutral beam line in HL-2A tokamak is introduced. Attenuation of neutral beam injection is analyzed numerically under different plasma conditions： different plasma densities, beam energies, electron temperatures, and impurity concentrations. Both optimized plasma density and beam energy for plasma heating are obtained.     

HL-1M边缘区径向电场对等离子体转动的影响

我们曾经用计算程序ROTATE编码对HL-1M托卡马克常规运行参数下的主离子与杂质离子的环向转动速度和极向转动速度进行理论模拟计算和比较研究。在这个计算程序里我们挑选了3个具有代表性的等离子体转动理论模型:Hazeltine的标准新经典理论模型,Kim等人区分主离子和杂质离子的转动理论模型,Hinton等人考虑电场梯度对离子转动速度的影响,引     

Formation of Edge Transport Barriers by L-H Transition and Large Reversed Plasma Current on LHD

On the Large Helical Device （LHD） where nested magnetic surfaces are surrounded by the ergodic field layer, edge transport barrier （ETB） was produced in neutral-beam-injection （NBI） heated plasmas through transition and non-transition processes. The former case is the ETB formation by L-Htransition, where characteristics of L-H transition observed in a tokamak plasma are clearly recognized. The confinement improvement is the modest （- 10%）, compared with the ISS95 international stellarator scaling. The threshold power for the transition is comparable or slightly lower than the ITER scaling law established by tokamaks and compact tori. The ETB is formed inside the ergodic field layer of the vacuum field. The ETB formation destabilizes edge coherent modes such as m/n = 1/1, 2/3 and 1/2, of which rational surfaces are in the magnetic hill. The formed ETB is partially and transiently destroyed by these coherent edge MHD modes and edge localized modes （ELMs） typically observed in Ha signals. The latter ETB is observed in a plasma with large reversed NBI-driven current more than 100 kA at Bt = 1 T. In these plasmas, the edge magnetic shear is enhanced by the current and the rotational transform in the core region is expected to be appreciably reduced. Thus reduced rotational transform in the plasma central region will enhance outward heat and particle fluxes toward ergodic edge layer. The ETB with steep electron temperature gradient up to - 5 keV/m is formed by blocking enhanced outward heat flux.