ACD全血及红细胞MAP的质量分析与保存研究

目的　充分了解 ACD全血和红细胞 MAP的质量及其保存效果 ,推广成份输血。方法　 1取 ACD全血及红细胞 MAP各 2人份各分成 6小袋进行 2～ 3 0天的血糖、钾、钠、酸碱度、白细胞、红细胞、血小板与红细胞平均容积的动态观察 ;2结合质控活动 ,对 ACD全血和红细胞 MAP中的血糖、蛋白质、钾、钠、比重、白细胞、红细胞、血小板、红细胞平均容积血、血红蛋白和红细胞压积等进行随机检测与分析。结果　 1红细胞 MAP中的血比重、白细胞、红细胞、血小板、红细胞压积、血红蛋白及血糖明显高于 ACD全血 ,而血浆蛋白、钠离子与酸碱度明显低 ;2血液在 2～ 3 0天的保存期间 ,白细胞、红细胞、血小板、红细胞平均容积均无改变 ;3酸碱度、钾、钠离子随保存期而明显变化 ,钾与钠离子的日变化量在红细胞 MAP比在 ACD全血中明显。结论　全血保存在 ACD或红细胞混悬于 MAP保存液中是安全与可行的 ,红细胞 MAP的内容物与 ACD全血不同 ,红细胞 MAP在失血和贫血病人中的应用值得关注并应予推广。     

Photodynamic sterilization of red cells and its effect on contaminating white cells: viability and mechanism of cell death

BACKGROUND: Phthalocyanines are useful sensitizers for photodynamic sterilization of red cell concentrates. Various lipid-enveloped viruses can be inactivated with only limited red cell damage. Because white cells are involved in the immunomodulatory effects of blood transfusions, the study of the effect of photodynamic treatment on these cells is imperative. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: White cell-enriched red cell suspensions were photodynamically treated with either the hydrophobic Pc4 (HOSiPcOSi-(CH3)2(CH2)3N(CH3)2) or water-soluble aluminum phthalocyanine tetrasulfonate (AIPCS4) under virucidal conditions. Viability of white cell subpopulations on Days 0, 1, and 4 after treatment was determined by fluorescence-activated cell sorting by flow cytometric analysis of propidium iodide uptake. Apoptosis induction was studied by DNA ladder formation and staining for an early marker of apoptosis (annexin V). RESULTS: Treatment with Pc4 causes a significant decrease in cell viability of all white cells, as shown by prodidium iodide uptake. Monocytes and granulocytes are the most sensitive, and lymphocytes are relatively more resistant. Some of the cells die by apoptosis, which is induced within 30 minutes after treatment. Treatment with AIPCS4 damages only monocytes; other cell populations are not affected. CONCLUSIONS: Physicochemical properties of the photosensitizers partly determine their effect on white cells. Differences in intracellular localization are likely to be responsible for the effects observed.     

The benchmark dose approach in food risk assessment: Is it applicable and worthwhile?

The benchmark dose (BMD) approach is being increasingly used in the area of food risk assessment because it offers several advantages compared to the conventional no-observed-adverse-effect-level approach. The aim of this work was to check the applicability of the BMD approach on toxicity data available from pesticides, mycotoxins and natural toxins.     

气功对机体血液流变学的影响

对练气功者和未练气功者血液流变学的诸项指标进行了研究,发现气功组体外血栓形成湿重与红细胞聚集指数低于未练气功组(P<0.01),低切变率下的全血粘度、血栓长度和干重均比对照组显著降低(P<0.05)。认为气功能减少血栓形成、降低红细胞聚集指数和血液粘度,有助于防治心脑血管病。     

脾切除对红细胞内谷胱甘肽含量的影响

脾切除后25条家犬红细胞内谷胱甘肽含量明显升高,术后30天达高峰,术后45天渐渐下降。红细胞脆性降低,比容变化不大。与对照组比较,均有显著差异。本实验提示:用脾切除治疗溶血性贫血性疾病远期效果不佳,可能与GSH变化有关。为巩固疗效,脾切除后应用外源性GSH来辅助治疗。     

益气养阴活血方对气阴两虚血瘀证糖尿病人血液流变学的影响

气阴两虚血瘀证糖尿病人的血液流变性有变化,全血粘度、血浆粘度、红细胞滤过指数及红细胞压积均高于健康对照组,除男性患者在高切速下的全血粘度及红细胞压积升高不显著外,均有统计学意义。经益气养阴活血方治疗,上述指标均有显著改善,空腹血糖也有一定的下降,与安慰剂组比较差别显著。     

核素99mTc标记红细胞扫描辅助诊断子宫内膜异位症的价值

目的 探讨核素99mTc 标记红细胞扫描辅助诊断子宫内膜异位症的价值.方法 选择28例有进行性痛经或性交痛等病史,妇科检查和B超均提示子宫内膜异位症患者,测定血清CA125水平.另选择门诊体检的正常人10例设为对照组.均于月经第1天或第2天预约99mTc标记红细胞显像,月经干净后来医院行腹腔镜手术及病理证实是子宫内膜异位症.结果 核素99mTc 标记的红细胞扫描的异位病灶大小明显小于B超的显影,且CA125＞200U/ml比＜200U/ml时显像更明显,出现时间更早.结论 核素99mTc 标记的红细胞扫描有助于早期辅助诊断子宫内膜异位症.     

Induced synthesis of albumin-like protein in damaged rat reticulocytes

In this study, we present evidence that red blood cell (RBC) membrane p68 in the Belgrade (b/b) rat is similar if not identical to rat serum albumin (RSA). Structural homology between RSA and the RBC p68 has been determined by a variety of biochemical and immunological criteria. This albumin-like protein is a normal constituent of rat RBC and it is partially exported by exosomes during erythroid differentiation. The endogenous origin of rat RBC albumin-like protein was demonstrated by monitoring protein synthesis in reticulocytes and by identification of reticulocyte mRNA for albumin. Haemolytic anaemia, either hereditary (b/b rat) or drug-induced (phenylhydrazine-treated normal rat), results in increased accumulation of the albumin-like protein in rat RBCs as a result of its induced synthesis.     

中西医结合治疗小儿缺铁性贫血44例疗效观察

目的：探讨中西医结合治疗小儿缺铁性贫血的临床疗效。方法：对88例小儿缺铁性贫血患者随机分成两组，治疗组4．4例采用中药＋西药中西医结合治疗，中药为内服异功补血汤。对照组44例，采用单纯的西药治疗。观察比较两组的临床疗效及贫血指标改善情况。结果：治疗组有效率为95．4％，而对照组有效率为52．3％，治疗组的疗效明显优于对照组，P〈0．05，两组相比在统计学上有显著性差异。治疗组贫血实验室指标RBC、Hb、HCT较对照组有显著改善，P（0．05，两组相比在统计学上有显著性差异。结论：中西医结合治疗小儿缺铁性贫血有效率高，贫血的实验室指标RBC、Hb、HCT有显著改善，值得临床推广和应用。     

HBsAg和RBC污染医疗器械的调查研究

目的对HBsAg和RBC两项指标进行检测研究,为制定预防病毒性肝炎和艾滋病传播的措施,提供科学依据。方法随机抽样检查综合医院1所,根据其科室设置情况,分类进行抽样检测。HBsAg用RPHA法检测,RBC检测采用联苯胺法作潜血试验。每批实验均设阳性和阴性（空白）对照。结果牙科钳HBsAg阳性率最高,其次是采血针和采血吸管。直接接触血液的器械,阳性率明显高于非直接接触血液的器械,潜血试验最高的也是牙科钳、采血针和采血吸管,其阳性率显著高于其他种类的器械。结论 HBsAg阳性和RBC污染基本是一致的,检出HBsAg的标本,潜血试验阳性率高,潜血试验阳性的标本,HBsAg检出率高,两者呈正相关关系。直接接触血液的器械阳性检出率明显高于非直接接触血液的器械。故消毒工作的重点是首先要抓好医疗机械直接接触血液的器械。