Na+/H+ 逆向转运蛋白与植物耐盐性关系

Na+/H+ 逆向转运蛋白与植物的耐盐性有密切的关系。在高等植物体内,主要存在两种Na+/H+ 逆向转运蛋白,分别为位于细胞质膜上的逆向转运蛋白SOS1,以及存在于液泡膜上的AtNHX1。质膜Na+/H+ 逆向转运蛋白主要负责Na+ 的外排,液泡膜Na+/H+ 逆向转运蛋白主要负责把Na+ 区隔化入液泡。过量表达质膜Na+/H+ 逆向转运蛋白SOS1或液泡膜Na+/H+ 逆向转运蛋白AtNHX1能够明显提高植物的耐盐性。本文对植物中Na+/H+ 逆向转运蛋白及其与植物耐盐性之间的关系研究最新进展作一概述。     

Characterization of an ethylene receptor homolog gene from rice

Ethylene plays important roles in plant growth, development and stress responses. Its receptor genes have been studied in dicots such asArabidopsis, tobacco and tomato. However, no research has been reported for the ethylene receptors from monocots currently. In the present study, we cloned an ethylene receptor geneOSPK2 from rice and found that its encoded protein was divergent from the ethylene receptors from dicots. OSPK2 had a long extension in its N-terminal, followed by three transmembrane segments, a GAF domain, a putative kinase domain and a putative receiver domain. Although most of the domains were conserved, the expected phosphorylation site His and the phosphate receiver Asp have been replaced by Gln and Asn, respectively. This fact indicates that OSPK2 may not function as a histidine kinase in a phosphorelay manner, but rather play roles by other mechanism, probably through Ser/Thr kinase activity. The expression of theOSPK2 gene was investigated by RT-PCR method under different conditions. We found that this gene was apparently induced by wounding and PEG treatment, but not significantly affected by salt and ABA treatments. The differential expression of theOSPK2 gene may reflect its roles in mediating different abiotic stress responses, consistent with our previous studies on tobacco ethylene receptors.     

Differential gene expression in salt-tolerant rice mutant and its parental variety

The differential expressions of three genes rbcL, salT and rab!6 in response to ABA, NaCl, PEG and heat shock were investigated in seedlings of a salt-tolerant rice mutant 20 (mutant 20) and its parental variety Oryza sativa var. japonica 77-170(170). By Northern blot analysis it was found that ABA induced the expression of all three genes of rbcL, salT and rab16 in shoots and roots of both 170 and mutant 20 with the exceptions of rab16 in shoots of mutant 20 and rbcL in roots of 170. Lower concentrations of NaCl induced rbcL expression in shoots of mutant 20 but not 170. Higher concentrations of NaCl decreased rbcL expression but induced expressions of salT and rab16 in shoots of both 170 and mutant 20. PEG(15%) and 37℃ heat shock showed almost no effects on the expression of the three genes in mutant 20. However, they caused a decrease in rbcL expression and slight induction of the rab16 gene in 170, with salT expression unaffected. These results indicated that mutant 20 was relatively less responsiv     

大豆灰斑病菌生理小种的RAPD标记*

运用随机扩增多态性DNA（RandomamplifiedpolymorphicDNA,RAPD）技术对发生于中国东北的大豆发斑病菌（Cercosporidiumsojinum）的10个生理小种进行基因组DNA多态性分析。用13个10-核苷酸随机引物共计获得了111个RAPD标记,其中86.5％具有多态性,通过聚类分析确定了供试小种间的亲缘关系。试验证明,RAPD技术分析大豆灰斑病菌遗传变异可提供大量分子标记,综合分析13个随机引物的扩增谱带可将供试菌株清楚分开。RAPD技术是一项操作简单、快速和灵敏的方法,极具对病菌群体遗传分析的潜力。     

Phytogeny of 12 species of genus Glycine Willd. reconstructed with internal transcribed region in nuclear ribosomal DNA

The ITS-Is of 24 accessions belong to 10 species of subgenus Glycine, and 2 species of subgenus Soja of genus Glycine were amplified, cloned and sequenced. According to the homology of the sequences, the phy-logeny of the 24 accessions were reconstructed. The reconstructed dendrogram showed that there were some divergent genomic types found in the previously classified species, such as G . tomentella, G. canescens and G. tabacina, and they might be some cryptic species by morphologic analysis.     

大豆的基因组研究及其进展

大豆是世界上食用油和种子蛋白的主要来源之一,是重要的经济及粮食作物,因此,大豆的遗传研究一直受到广泛的重视。但是,由于大豆的遗传变异程度低,基因组较大且复杂以及染色体都很小、进行细胞遗传研究难度大等,大豆的遗传研究,尤其是遗传作图研究,与其它作物相比...     

水稻盐胁迫应答基因的克隆、表达及染色体定位

利用差异显示PCR(DD -PCR)技术从水稻中克隆了 2个受盐胁迫诱导和 1个受盐胁迫抑制的cDNA片段 ,分别代表了水稻S 腺苷蛋氨酸脱羧酶 (SAMDC)基因、水稻翻译延伸因子 1A蛋白 (eEF1A)基因家族中的新成员 (称为REF1A)以及一功能未知的新基因 (命名为SRG1 ) .进一步利用RT PCR技术克隆了SAMDC基因的全长cDNA序列 (称为SAMDC1 ) ,该基因序列与其他植物及酵母、人类的SAMDC基因均有一定的同源性 .Northern杂交结果显示SAMDC1和REF1A基因的转录均明显受盐胁迫诱导 ,而SRG1基因的转录在盐胁迫 6h后即受到抑制 .Southern杂交分析表明SAMDC1和SRG1基因在水稻基因组中均以单拷贝存在 ,而REF1A基因则检测到多个拷贝 .利用ZYQ8/JX1 7组合构建的DH群体和RFLP图谱将REF1A ,SAMDC1和SRG1基因分别定位在水稻第 3,第 4和第 6染色体上 .