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本文根据卫勤保障新形势新任务新特点,分析当前卫勤保障能力现状和存在问题,提出应以实战需求为牵引,在基础设施、人员装备、信息管理、训练水平、横向融合等方面着力加快卫勤保障能力准备,为“能打仗、打胜仗”提供可靠的卫勤支撑. 相似文献
63.
目的 探究手机依赖、睡眠障碍对肺结核患者营养状况、炎症水平及疾病严重程度影响。方法 选取2019年1月至2019年12月收治的154例青年肺结核患者为研究对象,根据是否合并手机依赖、睡眠障碍将患者分为4组:A组(不合并手机依赖及睡眠障碍)50例,B组(单纯手机依赖)49例,C组(单纯睡眠障碍)35例,D组(手机依赖合并睡眠障碍)20例。分析4组患者在营养状况、炎症水平及疾病严重程度方面的差异。结果 与A组相比,D组体质量指数(BMI)、淋巴细胞绝对值(LYM)更低,C反应蛋白(CRP)、红细胞沉降率(ESR)水平更高,更易出现病原学阳性、肺部空洞、支气管结核(均P<0.05)。结论 手机依赖合并睡眠障碍影响肺结核患者营养状况、炎症水平及疾病严重程度,提倡早期干预手机依赖、纠正睡眠障碍或可改善患者病情。 相似文献
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Raeanne C. Moore Emily W. Paolillo Erin E. Sundermann Laura M. Campbell Jeremy Delgadillo Anne Heaton Joel Swendsen Colin A. Depp 《International journal of methods in psychiatric research》2021,30(1):e1859
ObjectiveWe developed a mobile cognitive test of verbal learning and memory, the mobile verbal learning test (mVLT), to allow for brief, repeated and portable delivery of a 12‐item list learning test through a smartphone. This study examined the psychometric properties of the mVLT among older persons with and without human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).MethodsSixty‐eight persons with HIV and 36 HIV‐negative individuals (aged 50–74) completed three trials of the mVLT on a smartphone once daily for 14 days. A different word list was administered each day.ResultsParticipants completed 80% of the 14 mVLT administrations, equating to 1166 valid and complete mVLTs. Neither adherence nor mean mVLT total score (number correct in 3 recall trials) differed by HIV status. No practice effects from repeated mVLT administration were observed, and there were moderately strong correlations of mVLT performance with performance on the in‐lab version of the task and with traditional cognitive assessments of cognitive processes contributing to memory. We found evidence of within‐person learning across mVLT trials, with persons with HIV demonstrating less learning from trials 1 to 3 compared to HIV‐negative participants.ConclusionsThe mVLT is a valid method to assess learning in the real world in older adults with and without HIV. 相似文献
65.
Jacqueline Lorene Bender Rossini Ying Kwan Yue Matthew Jason To Laetitia Deacken Alejandro R Jadad 《Journal of medical Internet research》2013,15(12)
Background
Mobile phones have become nearly ubiquitous, offering a promising means to deliver health interventions. However, little is known about smartphone applications (apps) for cancer.Objective
The purpose of this study was to characterize the purpose and content of cancer-focused smartphone apps available for use by the general public and the evidence on their utility or effectiveness.Methods
We conducted a systematic review of the official application stores for the four major smartphone platforms: iPhone, Android, Nokia, and BlackBerry. Apps were included in the review if they were focused on cancer and available for use by the general public. This was complemented by a systematic review of literature from MEDLINE, Embase, and the Cochrane Library to identify evaluations of cancer-related smartphone apps.Results
A total of 295 apps from the smartphone app stores met the inclusion criteria. The majority of apps targeted breast cancer (46.8%, 138/295) or cancer in general (28.5%, 84/295). The reported app purpose was predominantly to raise awareness about cancer (32.2%, 95/295) or to provide educational information about cancer (26.4%, 78/295), followed by apps to support fundraising efforts (12.9%, 38/295), assist in early detection (11.5%, 34/295), promote a charitable organization (10.2%, 30/295), support disease management (3.7%, 11/295), cancer prevention (2.0%, 6/295), or social support (1.0%, 3/295). The majority of the apps did not describe their organizational affiliation (64.1%, 189/295). Apps affiliated with non-profit organizations were more likely to be free of cost (χ2 1=16.3, P<.001) and have a fundraising or awareness purpose (χ2 2=13.3, P=.001). The review of the health literature yielded 594 articles, none of which reported an evaluation of a cancer-focused smartphone application.Conclusions
There are hundreds of cancer-focused apps with the potential to enhance efforts to promote behavior change, to monitor a host of symptoms and physiological indicators of disease, and to provide real-time supportive interventions, conveniently and at low cost. However, there is a lack of evidence on their utility, effectiveness, and safety. Future efforts should focus on improving and consolidating the evidence base into a whitelist for public consumption. 相似文献66.
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68.
Alastair van Heerden Shane Norris Stephen Tollman Linda Richter Mary Jane Rotheram-Borus 《Journal of medical Internet research》2013,15(6)
Background
Most of the world’s women living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) reside in sub-Saharan Africa. Although efforts to reduce mother-to-child transmission are underway, obtaining complete and accurate data from rural clinical sites to track progress presents a major challenge.Objective
To describe the acceptability and feasibility of mobile phones as a tool for clinic-based face-to-face data collection with pregnant women living with HIV in South Africa.Methods
As part of a larger clinic-based trial, 16 interviewers were trained to conduct mobile phone–assisted personal interviews (MPAPI). These interviewers (participant group 1) completed the same short questionnaire based on items from the Technology Acceptance Model at 3 different time points. Questions were asked before training, after training, and 3 months after deployment to clinic facilities. In addition, before the start of the primary intervention trial in which this substudy was undertaken, 12 mothers living with HIV (MLH) took part in a focus group discussion exploring the acceptability of MPAPI (participant group 2). Finally, a sample of MLH (n=512) enrolled in the primary trial were asked to assess their experience of being interviewed by MPAPI (participant group 3).Results
Acceptability of the method was found to be high among the 16 interviewers in group 1. Perceived usefulness was reported to be slightly higher than perceived ease of use across the 3 time points. After 3 months of field use, interviewer perceptions of both perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness were found to be higher than before training. The feasibility of conducting MPAPI interviews in this setting was found to be high. Network coverage was available in all clinics and hardware, software, cost, and secure transmission to the data center presented no significant challenges over the 21-month period. For the 12 MHL participants in group 2, anxiety about the multimedia capabilities of the phone was evident. Their concern centered on the possibility that their privacy may be invaded by interviewers using the mobile phone camera to photograph them. For participants in group 3, having the interviewer sit beside vs across from the interviewee during the MPAPI interview was received positively by 94.7% of MHL. Privacy (6.3%) and confidentiality (5.3%) concerns were low for group 3 MHL.Conclusions
Mobile phones were found both to be acceptable and feasible in the collection of maternal and child health data from women living with HIV in South Africa.Trial Registration
Clinicaltrials.gov ; http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/ NCT00972699 (Archived by WebCite at http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/ NCT00972699) NCT00972699相似文献69.
Tara Donker Katherine Petrie Judy Proudfoot Janine Clarke Mary-Rose Birch Helen Christensen 《Journal of medical Internet research》2013,15(11)
Background
The rapid growth in the use of mobile phone applications (apps) provides the opportunity to increase access to evidence-based mental health care.Objective
Our goal was to systematically review the research evidence supporting the efficacy of mental health apps for mobile devices (such as smartphones and tablets) for all ages.Methods
A comprehensive literature search (2008-2013) in MEDLINE, Embase, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PsycINFO, PsycTESTS, Compendex, and Inspec was conducted. We included trials that examined the effects of mental health apps (for depression, anxiety, substance use, sleep disturbances, suicidal behavior, self-harm, psychotic disorders, eating disorders, stress, and gambling) delivered on mobile devices with a pre- to posttest design or compared with a control group. The control group could consist of wait list, treatment-as-usual, or another recognized treatment.Results
In total, 5464 abstracts were identified. Of those, 8 papers describing 5 apps targeting depression, anxiety, and substance abuse met the inclusion criteria. Four apps provided support from a mental health professional. Results showed significant reductions in depression, stress, and substance use. Within-group and between-group intention-to-treat effect sizes ranged from 0.29-2.28 and 0.01-0.48 at posttest and follow-up, respectively.Conclusions
Mental health apps have the potential to be effective and may significantly improve treatment accessibility. However, the majority of apps that are currently available lack scientific evidence about their efficacy. The public needs to be educated on how to identify the few evidence-based mental health apps available in the public domain to date. Further rigorous research is required to develop and test evidence-based programs. Given the small number of studies and participants included in this review, the high risk of bias, and unknown efficacy of long-term follow-up, current findings should be interpreted with caution, pending replication. Two of the 5 evidence-based mental health apps are currently commercially available in app stores. 相似文献70.
Morwenna Kirwan Corneel Vandelanotte Andrew Fenning Mitch J Duncan 《Journal of medical Internet research》2013,15(11)