甲苯甲烷氧化偶联制苯乙烯的研究

对甲苯甲烷氧化偶联制苯乙烯的工艺、催化剂、反应机理等方面的研究进展进行了评述，提出了今后研究的方向。     

水中甲苯的不确定度分析与评定

介绍了澳大利亚检测机构NARL对水中苯、甲苯、乙苯、二甲苯进行气相色谱-质谱联用分析,通过建立数学模型,识别不确定度的来源主要有浓缩时的气体流速、温度、玻璃量器的使用情况及气质联用仪的操作情况,评定不确定度的每一分量主要有方法回收率、样品回收率、均匀性、精密度、变异系数,据此方法可得到其他的苯系物成分的不确定度.所得结果符合ISO/IEC17025的要求.该方法具有快速、准确的特点.     

Removal of Low Concentration Toluene Vapor in a Biotrickling Filter

A laboratory-scale biotrickling filter packed with ceramic lasing rings is built to remove artificial toluene vapor. The performance of biotrickling filter under different superficial gas velocities and inlet toluene concentrations is evaluated. The start-up period is 6 days by using the novel “gas-liquid phase synchronic inoculation“ method and adding the optimal components nutrient liquid. The experiments lasts 3 months, and different sets of continuous tests are conducted at an inlet toluene concentration ranging from 30 mg/m3 to 1 223 mg/m3 and at superficial gas velocities ranging from 123 m/h to 370 m/h (corresponding to residence time 9.75-29.3 s). The effect of nutrient liquid recycling rate on biotrickling filter performance is also evaluated. The result shows that the maximum elimination capacity is 152.1 g/(m3*h) at the inlet toluene concentration of 1 223 mg/m3 and the superficial gas velocity of 205 m/h(corresponding to a residence time of 17.6 s). The average toluene removal efficiency reaches 80% in the experiments period, and high water content has a negative effect on biotrickling filter performance. The microscope observation of the micro-organism in the biofilm shows that the Pseudomonas is the dominant group of the mixing microbial culture in the biofilm.     

Convenient synthesis of sulfonamides from amines and p‐toluene sulfonyl chloride mediated by crosslinked poly(4‐vinylpyridine)

A general, mild, and convenient method has been developed for the synthesis of various N‐substituted and N, N‐disubstituted sulfonamides, as a class of sulfa drugs, from the corresponding amines and p‐toluene sulfonyl chloride in the presence of readily available crosslinked poly(4‐vinylpyridine) as a catalyst, base or polymeric substrates. The use of polymeric catalyst simplifies routine sulfonylation of amines because it eliminates the traditional purification. The polymer can be removed quantitatively and it can be regenerated and reused for several cycles without losing its activity. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012     

冷凝法甲苯回收系统设计优化

针对典型工业挥发性有机物（VOC）甲苯设计一套冷凝法回收系统。该系统制冷部分采用冰箱系统常用的分立多循环结构,将回收流程分为预冷级和冷却级。运用物性软件REFPROP及通用流程模拟软件Aspen Plus对甲苯负荷及制冷流程进行模拟。通过对系统的模拟运行,研究该冷凝法甲苯回收系统的工作性能以及能耗影响因素,为系统的进一步设计优化提供理论依据。     

基于镍铟水滑石的含异质结材料在甲苯检测中的应用

构建异质结构是提高气体传感器性能的有效方法之一。本工作通过在空气中高温煅烧不同Ni/In摩尔比的镍铟水滑石(NiIn-LDHs)合成了一系列含NiO-In2O3异质结的材料,通过氢气退火处理后,应用于甲苯气体检测。结果表明,当Ni/In为3.0,退火温度为500℃时,所得材料对0.005‰甲苯具有最高响应。此外,该材料还表现出针对其他干扰气体(如氨气、丙酮、高湿度水汽、三乙胺和二氧化硫)的高选择性和12天的连续测试的高稳定性。通过XPS、UPS等一系列表征证实,退火后形成的材料Ni/NiO-In2O3中存在肖特基能垒以及较多的氧空位,与P-N结的协同效应共同导致了其具有最佳气敏性能。     

等离子体-催化剂体系下甲苯加氢反应

探索了等离子体介质阻挡放电甲苯加氢工艺的行为。反应产物的气相色谱分析结果表明甲基环己烷为主产物。单因素实验法考察不同因素对甲苯加氢反应行为的影响,初步推测等离子体环境下甲苯加氢反应包含三种机理:加成反应、取代反应、C-C键断裂反应。研究发现,通过增大放电功率和催化剂(Ni/SiO2)协同作用,可使甲基环己烷转化率趋于最佳值。在反应条件为:"一段式"催化剂装填方式,0.30 g催化剂固载于0.1 g玻璃纤维上,催化剂活性金属组分含量17%(wt);放电电压8.4 k V;电极直径50 mm;气体配比(VH2/VC7H8)31;停留时间21 s,其甲苯转化率可达78.4%,甲基环己烷选择性72.2%。     

Adsorption of toluene from aqueous solutions using clay-based nanostructures

In this study, porous clay heterostructures (PCH) are synthesized through gallery template approach and characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), and Nitrogen adsorption–desorption techniques. Batch adsorption studies are conducted to investigate the effect of parameters such as adsorbent dosage, pH, concentration, and contact time on adsorption of toluene by PCH in aqueous solutions. Equilibrium data were fitted to the Langmuir and Freundlich models. Based on the results, by increasing the PCH dosage from 0.5 g/L to 4 g/L, toluene removal is enhanced from 34% to 88.1%.     

Phenyl modification of Mn‐containing mesoporous silica and catalytic oxidation of toluene

BACKGROUND: Catalytic oxidation of toluene with dioxygen is a fundamental industrial technology because the oxidized products are important intermediates for many fine chemicals. In this study, phenyl modification was utilized to alter catalyst surface characteristics in order to enhance activity. RESULTS: Phenyl groups were successfully immobilized on the surface of Mn‐containing hexagonal mesoporous silica (HMS) through a one‐step synthesis route, as demonstrated by detailed characterization. As a result, the surface of the catalyst Ph? Mn? HMS was more hydrophobic with a water droplet contact angle of 96°. In the oxidation of toluene to benzoic acid with dioxygen under solvent‐free conditions, this new catalyst showed higher activity and selectivity than non‐organomodified Mn? HMS, and the conversion and selectivity increased by a factor of 40% and 9%, respectively. CONCLUSION: Modification of the catalyst surface with phenyl groups was an effective strategy to increase activity in the oxidation of toluene. Both conversion and selectivity were improved and this is linked to the hydrophobic character of the surface. This organic modification strategy may also be extended for oxidation of other hydrocarbons. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry