Effect of nano-sized Al2O3 reinforcing particles on uniaxial and high cycle fatigue behaviors of hot-forged AZ31B magnesium alloy

The effect of hot-forging process was investigated on microstructural and mechanical properties of AZ31B alloy and AZ31B/1.5vol.%Al₂O₃ nanocomposite under static and cycling loading. The as-cast alloy and composite were firstly subjected to a homogenization heat treatment at 450 °C and then an open-die forging at 450 °C. The results indicated that the presence of reinforcing particles led to grain refinement and improvement of dynamic recrystallization. The forging process was more effective to eliminate the porosity in the cast alloy workpiece. Microhardness of the forged composite was increased by up to 80% and 16%, in comparison with those of the cast and forged alloy samples, respectively. Ultimate tensile strength and maximum tensile strain of the composite were improved by up to 45% and 23%, compared with those of the forged alloy in similar regions. These enhancements were respectively 50% and 37% in the compression test. The composite exhibited a fatigue life improvement in the region with low applied strain; however, a degradation was observed in the high applied strain region. Unlike AZ31B samples, tensile, compressive and high cycle fatigue behaviors of the composite showed less sensitivity to the applied strain, which can be attributed to the amount of porosity in the samples before and after the hot-forging.     

石墨烯/碱式硫酸镁晶须/PVC复合材料的制备及性能表征

以改进的Hummers法制备还原氧化石墨烯(RGO),以RGO和碱式硫酸镁晶须(MHSHw)为填料,采用机械球磨法制备RGO/MHSHw/PVC复合粉料,经平板硫化机热压成型得三相复合板材。考察了RGO和MHSHw对复合材料电阻率、阻燃性能及力学性能的影响。结果表明:RGO具有很好的片层结构和导电性;当MHSHw添加量为5%,RGO添加量为1%时,RGO/MHSHw/PVC复合板材的表面电阻率为4×106Ω/square,比纯PVC下降8个数量级,达到了商业抗静电效果,拉伸强度达到最大值17.61 MPa,比纯PVC提高了44.04%,复合板材氧指数>33%,具有阻燃性能,得到力学性能优良兼具有抗静电和阻燃性能的复合材料。     

基底表面质量对ZK60镁合金镀镍层性能的影响

镁合金表面镀镍被广泛运用于镁合金工件防腐,而镀层的起泡和脱落严重影响工件的使用寿命。本实验以ZK60镁合金为研究对象,分析了不同工件基底表面质量对镀镍层性能的影响机制。研究表明:基底表面存在的划痕和点蚀坑会显著降低镀镍层质量,引起镀层的起泡和脱落。基底表面的划痕会被保留到镀镍层中,引发镀层变薄,应力集中等问题,增加镀层开裂的几率。点蚀坑中的杂质与镁基底有不同的电化学特性,会导致镀层减薄和结合不牢。因此,提高镁合金工件基底表面光洁度、清除基底表面点蚀坑是提高镁合金镀镍层性能的必要措施。     

油气润滑对AZ80镁合金铸坯表面质量和组织的影响

本文以自主设计的镁合金油气润滑铸造装置制备了直径154mm的AZ80镁合金铸坯,系统研究油气润滑对AZ80镁合金铸坯表面质量和凝固组织的影响,并对其机理进行了探讨。采用结果表明:采用油气润滑铸造时,氩气和润滑油在石墨环内表面形成了一层油气混合膜,改变了熔体和结晶器的接触方式和热交换状态,从而制备出高品质的AZ80镁合金铸坯。随着气体压力的增加,铸坯表面粗大的偏析瘤和皮下偏析层得到抑制,凝固组织得到了明显细化。当气体压力增加到0.4 MPa时,铸坯皮下偏析层厚度从1252μm降至628μm,铸坯R/2、心部晶粒尺寸和二次枝晶间距显著减小。随着凝固组织的细化,Al、Zn和Mn元素的宏观偏析得到了改善。     

T4和T6热处理对Mg-2.5Zn-1.5Ca-0.22Zr合金组织和硬度的影响

采用光学显微镜、扫描电镜和显微硬度仪等研究了T4和T6热处理对Mg-2.5Zn-1.5Ca-0.22Zr镁合金显微组织及硬度的影响。结果表明:Mg-2.5Zn-1.5Ca-0.22Zr镁合金经T4热处理之后,网状结构的β-Ca2Mg6Zn3相逐渐分解并转变为不规则的团聚的块状结构,MgZn2相逐渐溶解于α-Mg基体中,硬度比铸态时显著提高,达到63.87 HV;经过不同时间的T6热处理之后,MgZn2相从α-Mg基体中重新析出,球状的Mg2Ca中间化合物均匀的分布于晶粒内且发生明显长大。随着时效时间的延长,MgZn2相增多,对位错的钉扎增强,合金的硬度提高,在"峰时效"时的硬度达到64.97 HV。410℃×24 h固溶处理后150℃×8 h时效处理为Mg-2.5Zn-1.5Ca-0.22Zr镁合金的最佳热处理工艺。     

长期堆放氯氧镁水泥合格性检验方法研究

氯氧镁水泥性能与其他水泥不同,而长期堆放未使用的氯氧镁水泥无法用肉眼判断其合格性,因此需要探究一种检测方法对其性能进行检测,进而判定其是否合格可用。通过水泥胶砂法从强度方面进行检验判定,了解其力学性能的同时,可以判定其合格性。     

新型镍基镁渣催化重整松木热解挥发分焦油析出特性研究

采用过量浸渍法制备了镍基镁渣催化剂，并在小型气流床气化炉上开展了松木热解挥发分的催化重整研究。评估了煅烧/催化温度、镍含量和水碳比对焦油组分的影响，同时在不同煅烧/催化温度下与Ni/γ-Al₂O₃催化剂进行了裂解焦油性能的对比。采用比表面积测试（BET）、X射线衍射（XRD）、扫描电镜（SEM）和透射电镜（TEM）对催化剂进行了表征。结果表明，当镍含量为3%，煅烧/催化温度为800℃，水碳比为0.5时，镍基镁渣催化剂表现出最优异的催化裂解焦油能力：大幅度降低了重质多环芳烃的相对含量，并且焦油转化率达到95.69%，同时焦油露点温度降至40.2℃。XRD结果表明，Ni、Fe、Ca、Mg相互作用可以形成多种活性中心，进而协同提高催化剂活性。     

Design of tailored biodegradable implants: The effect of voltage on electrodeposited calcium phosphate coatings on pure magnesium

Magnesium, as a biodegradable metal, offers great potential for use as a temporary implant material, which dissolves in the course of bone tissue healing. It can sufficiently support the bone and promote the bone healing process. However, the corrosion resistance of magnesium implants must be enhanced before its application in clinical practice. A promising approach of enhancing the corrosion resistance is deposition of bioactive coating, which can reduce the corrosion rate of the implants and promote bone healing. Therefore, a well-designed substrate-coating system allowing a good control of the degradation behavior is highly desirable for tailored implants for specific groups of patients with particular needs. In this contribution, the influence of coating formation conditions on the characteristics of potentiostatically electrodeposited CaP coatings on magnesium substrate was evaluated. Results showed that potential variation led to formation of coatings with the same chemical composition, but very different morphologies. Parameters that mostly influence the coating performance, such as the thickness, uniformity, deposits size, and orientation, varied from produced coating to coating. These characteristics of CaP coatings on magnesium were controlled by coating formation potential, and it was demonstrated that the electrodeposition could be a promising coating technique for production of tailored magnesium-CaP implants.     

基于数值模拟的挤压参数对AZ91镁合金管转角焊合室分流挤压焊合压力的影响规律研究

提出了一种镁合金管材转角焊合室分流挤压新工艺，该工艺可在有效延长焊合室长度和焊合时间前提下保证舌针刚度，从而保证管材尺寸精度，并且可通过转角剪切变形机制增加预焊合金属变形量和动态再结晶程度，从而有利于提高管材性能和焊缝焊合性能。利用有限元法揭示了转角焊合室分流挤压成形过程中金属的流动特征，应变分布特征和焊合室内的静水压力分布特征。结果表明，整个挤压过程无金属折叠，从而保证管材的表面质量；流经转角后预焊合金属变形量明显增加，有利于提高管材质量和焊缝质量。最后，研究揭示了坯料初始温度，挤压速度和模具转角对焊合室内静水压力的影响规律。结果表明，随着挤压速度的增加和模具转角的增大，转角焊合室内静水压力增大；随着坯料预热温度的增加，转角焊合室内静水压力呈先增大后减小的趋势。     

植酸改善镁合金锌系磷化膜耐蚀性的研究

采用化学转化法在镁合金表面制备了磷酸盐转化膜。在基础磷化液中添加植酸,改善膜层的耐蚀性。通过交流阻抗、Tafel曲线和硫酸铜点滴实验确定了植酸最佳的质量分数为1.5%。该质量分数下的容抗弧半径最大,自腐蚀电流密度最低,耐蚀性最好。通过扫描电镜测试得出:膜层的表面结构为晶粒紧凑堆积状,该膜层很好地覆盖了基体表面,起到了一定的防护效果。